IASbaba's Daily Static Quiz
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DAILY STATIC QUIZ will cover all the topics of Static/Core subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology.
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UPSC Static Quiz - 2020: IASbaba's Daily Static Quiz - GEOGRAPHY [Day 54]
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
Block Soils are Black in color and also known as Regur Soils. Consider the following statements regarding black soils
- As these soils are best for Cotton Cultivation, they are also known as Black Cotton Soil
- They are well-known for their capacity to hold moisture
- They are rich in soil nutrients, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime
- These soils are sticky when wet and difficult to work on unless tilled immediately after the first shower or during the pre-monsoon period
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (d)
Block Soils
These Soils are Black in color and also known as Regur Soils. As these soils are best for Cotton Cultivation, it is also known as Black Cotton Soil.
Hence statement 1 is correct
This type of soil is typical of the Deccan trap (Basalt) region spread over northwest Deccan plateau and is made up of lava flows. They are made up of extremely clayey material. They are well-known for their capacity to hold moisture.
Hence statement 2 is correct
Also they are rich in soil nutrients, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime. These soils are generally poor in phosphoric contents.
Hence statement 3 is correct
They develop deep cracks during hot weather, which helps in the proper aeration of the soil. These soils are sticky when wet and difficult to work on unless tilled immediately after the first shower or during the pre-monsoon period.
Hence statement 4 is correct
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Block Soils
These Soils are Black in color and also known as Regur Soils. As these soils are best for Cotton Cultivation, it is also known as Black Cotton Soil.
Hence statement 1 is correct
This type of soil is typical of the Deccan trap (Basalt) region spread over northwest Deccan plateau and is made up of lava flows. They are made up of extremely clayey material. They are well-known for their capacity to hold moisture.
Hence statement 2 is correct
Also they are rich in soil nutrients, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime. These soils are generally poor in phosphoric contents.
Hence statement 3 is correct
They develop deep cracks during hot weather, which helps in the proper aeration of the soil. These soils are sticky when wet and difficult to work on unless tilled immediately after the first shower or during the pre-monsoon period.
Hence statement 4 is correct
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Alluvial Soils
- In the coastal regions, the Alluvial soils are formed due to the wave action
- They are immature and have weak profiles due to their recent origin.
- The proportion of Potash, phosphoric acid and alkaline are adequate.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Alluvial Soils
They are mainly formed due to the silt brought by the Rivers; The Ganga, The Brahmaputra and the Indus. In coastal regions, the alluvial soils are formed due to the wave action.
Hence statement 1 is correct
They are immature and have weak profiles due to their recent origin. Most of the soil is Sandy and clayey soils are not uncommon. These soils are constantly replenished by the recurrent floods.
Hence statement 2 is correct
The proportion of nitrogen is generally low. And the proportion of Potash, phosphoric acid and alkaline are adequate.
Hence statement 3 is correct
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Alluvial Soils
They are mainly formed due to the silt brought by the Rivers; The Ganga, The Brahmaputra and the Indus. In coastal regions, the alluvial soils are formed due to the wave action.
Hence statement 1 is correct
They are immature and have weak profiles due to their recent origin. Most of the soil is Sandy and clayey soils are not uncommon. These soils are constantly replenished by the recurrent floods.
Hence statement 2 is correct
The proportion of nitrogen is generally low. And the proportion of Potash, phosphoric acid and alkaline are adequate.
Hence statement 3 is correct
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
Consider the following statements
- Mangroves occur worldwide in the tropics and subtropics, mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S
- The area of mangroves has greater species diversity as it is the junction of terrestrial and marine ecosystems.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Mangroves have a complex salt filtration system and complex root system to cope with salt water immersion and wave action. Mangroves occur worldwide in the tropics and subtropics, mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S. They require high solar radiation to filter saline water through their roots. Hence, mangroves are confined to only tropical and sub-tropical coastal waters.
Hence statement 1 is correct.
Ecologically, they provide habitat for a diverse array of terrestrial and marine organisms. The area of mangroves has greater species diversity as it is the junction of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. They have very high salt tolerance and so some species which require this ambience also thrive upon mangroves.
Hence statement 2 is correct.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Mangroves have a complex salt filtration system and complex root system to cope with salt water immersion and wave action. Mangroves occur worldwide in the tropics and subtropics, mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S. They require high solar radiation to filter saline water through their roots. Hence, mangroves are confined to only tropical and sub-tropical coastal waters.
Hence statement 1 is correct.
Ecologically, they provide habitat for a diverse array of terrestrial and marine organisms. The area of mangroves has greater species diversity as it is the junction of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. They have very high salt tolerance and so some species which require this ambience also thrive upon mangroves.
Hence statement 2 is correct.
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Khadar and Bhangar soils
- Both the Khadar and Bhangar soils contain calcareous concretions (Kankars)
- The Bhangar is the older alluvium and the Khadar is composed of newer alluvium
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
The alluvial soils vary in nature from sandy loam to clay. They are generally rich in potash but poor in phosphorous.
In the Upper and Middle Ganga plain, two different types of alluvial soils have developed, viz. Khadar and Bhangar. Khadar is the new alluvium and is deposited by floods annually, which enriches the soil by depositing fine silts. Bhangar represents a system of older alluvium, deposited away from the flood plains.
Hence statement 2 is correct.
Both the Khadar and Bhangar soils contain calcareous concretions (Kankars). These soils are more loamy and clayey in the lower and middle Ganga plain and the Brahamaputra valley. The sand content decreases from the west to east.
Hence statement 1 is correct.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
The alluvial soils vary in nature from sandy loam to clay. They are generally rich in potash but poor in phosphorous.
In the Upper and Middle Ganga plain, two different types of alluvial soils have developed, viz. Khadar and Bhangar. Khadar is the new alluvium and is deposited by floods annually, which enriches the soil by depositing fine silts. Bhangar represents a system of older alluvium, deposited away from the flood plains.
Hence statement 2 is correct.
Both the Khadar and Bhangar soils contain calcareous concretions (Kankars). These soils are more loamy and clayey in the lower and middle Ganga plain and the Brahamaputra valley. The sand content decreases from the west to east.
Hence statement 1 is correct.
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
Which of the following methods helps in Soil Conservation
- Contour farming
- Crop rotation
- Mulching
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Contour farming
The fields are prepared with alternate furrows and ridges to reduce water flow. Ridges at the same level are known as contour. On slopes, however, this type of farming is coupled with terracing.
Hence statement 1 is correct.
Crop rotation
It decreases soil loss and preserves the productivity of land.
Hence statement 2 is correct.
Mulching
It is effective against wind as well as waster erosion. Some such plants as maize stalks, cotton stalks etc.., are used as a ‘mulch’ (a protective layer formed by the stubble). Mulches reduce soil moisture evaporation and increase amount of soil moisture by addition of organic matter to soil.
Hence statement 3 is correct
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Contour farming
The fields are prepared with alternate furrows and ridges to reduce water flow. Ridges at the same level are known as contour. On slopes, however, this type of farming is coupled with terracing.
Hence statement 1 is correct.
Crop rotation
It decreases soil loss and preserves the productivity of land.
Hence statement 2 is correct.
Mulching
It is effective against wind as well as waster erosion. Some such plants as maize stalks, cotton stalks etc.., are used as a ‘mulch’ (a protective layer formed by the stubble). Mulches reduce soil moisture evaporation and increase amount of soil moisture by addition of organic matter to soil.
Hence statement 3 is correct
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
Consider the following statements:
- Terai is swampy lowland with silty soils.
- The terai soils are rich in nitrogen and organic matter but are deficient in phosphate.
- These soils are generally covered by tall grasses and forests but are suitable for a number of crops such as wheat, rice, sugarcane, jute.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (d)
Terai is swampy lowland with silty soils.
Hence Statement 1 is correct
The terai soils are rich in nitrogen and organic matter but are deficient in phosphate.
Hence Statement 2 is correct
These soils are generally covered by tall grasses and forests but are suitable for a number of crops such as wheat, rice, sugarcane, jute.
Hence Statement 3 is correct
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Terai is swampy lowland with silty soils.
Hence Statement 1 is correct
The terai soils are rich in nitrogen and organic matter but are deficient in phosphate.
Hence Statement 2 is correct
These soils are generally covered by tall grasses and forests but are suitable for a number of crops such as wheat, rice, sugarcane, jute.
Hence Statement 3 is correct
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
Consider the following statements with respect to Aluminium:
- Aluminium production starts with the raw material bauxite.
- Three different raw materials are needed to make aluminium – aluminium oxide, electricity and carbon.
- Aluminium is known for its ductile nature and can be recycled over and over again with 100 percent efficiency.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (d)
Aluminium production starts with the raw material bauxite, a clay like soil type found in a belt around the equator.
Hence Statement 1 is correct
Three different raw materials are needed to make aluminium, they are – aluminium oxide, electricity and carbon.
Hence Statement 2 is correct
Aluminium is known for its ductile nature and can be recycled over and over again with 100 percent efficiency.
Hence Statement 3 is correct
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Aluminium production starts with the raw material bauxite, a clay like soil type found in a belt around the equator.
Hence Statement 1 is correct
Three different raw materials are needed to make aluminium, they are – aluminium oxide, electricity and carbon.
Hence Statement 2 is correct
Aluminium is known for its ductile nature and can be recycled over and over again with 100 percent efficiency.
Hence Statement 3 is correct
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayas are best suitable for tea plantations due to –
- Moderate slope
- Thick soil cover with high organic content
- Well distributed rainfall throughout the year
- Harsh winters.
Choose the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Solution (a)
Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayas physical conditions such as moderate slope, thick soil cover with high organic content, well distributed rainfall throughout the year and mild winters makes it very much suitable for tea plantations.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayas physical conditions such as moderate slope, thick soil cover with high organic content, well distributed rainfall throughout the year and mild winters makes it very much suitable for tea plantations.
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
Which of the following soils found in India are poor in nitrogen, phosphorous and humus?
- Red and Yellow Soil
- Black Soil
- Laterite Soil
- Peaty Soil
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Correct
Solution (a)
- The fine-grained red and yellow soils are normally fertile, whereas coarse-grained soils found in dry upland areas are poor in fertility. They are generally poor in nitrogen, phosphorous and humus.
- Chemically, the black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia and alumina. They also contain potash. But they lack in phosphorous, nitrogen and organic matter. The color of the soil ranges from deep black to grey.
- Humus content of the laterite soil is removed fast by bacteria that thrives well in high temperature. These soils are poor in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate and calcium, while iron oxide and potash are in excess.
- Peaty soils are found in the areas of heavy rainfall and high humidity, where there is a good growth of vegetation. Thus, large quantity of dead organic matter accumulates in these areas, and this gives a rich humus and organic content to the soil.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
- The fine-grained red and yellow soils are normally fertile, whereas coarse-grained soils found in dry upland areas are poor in fertility. They are generally poor in nitrogen, phosphorous and humus.
- Chemically, the black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia and alumina. They also contain potash. But they lack in phosphorous, nitrogen and organic matter. The color of the soil ranges from deep black to grey.
- Humus content of the laterite soil is removed fast by bacteria that thrives well in high temperature. These soils are poor in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate and calcium, while iron oxide and potash are in excess.
- Peaty soils are found in the areas of heavy rainfall and high humidity, where there is a good growth of vegetation. Thus, large quantity of dead organic matter accumulates in these areas, and this gives a rich humus and organic content to the soil.
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
Consider the following about Laterite Soils and select the INCORRECT statement:
Correct
Solution (c)
- Laterite Soils are formed under conditions of high temperature and heavy rainfall with alternate wet and dry periods.
- Heavy rainfall promotes leaching (nutrients gets washed away by water) of soil whereby lime and silica are leached away and a soil rich in oxides of iron and aluminium compounds is left behind.
- They lack fertility due to intensive leaching.
- They are found on the summits of Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
- Laterite Soils are formed under conditions of high temperature and heavy rainfall with alternate wet and dry periods.
- Heavy rainfall promotes leaching (nutrients gets washed away by water) of soil whereby lime and silica are leached away and a soil rich in oxides of iron and aluminium compounds is left behind.
- They lack fertility due to intensive leaching.
- They are found on the summits of Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
