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Swachh Survekshan 2020

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Topic:

General Studies 1:

• Social Issues

General Studies 2

• Sanitation and health

About Swachh Survekshan 2020

• Awards for Swachh Survekshan 2020 was recently announced
• It is the fifth edition of the annual cleanliness urban survey; one of the world’s largest sanitation surveys.
• Conducted by: Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA)

Swachh Survekshan

• An annual survey of cleanliness, hygiene and sanitation in cities and towns across India.
• Ranks India’s cities, towns and states based on sanitation, waste management and overall cleanliness.
• Launched as part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, which aimed to make India clean and free of open defecation by 2 October 2019.
• The first survey was undertaken in 2016 and covered 73 cities; by 2019 the survey had grown to cover 4237 cities and was said to be the largest cleanliness survey in the world.
• The surveys are carried out by the Quality Council of India; an autonomous accreditation body which was set up by the Government of India in 1997 for quality assurance in all fields, including governance.

Rankings 

The rankings, this year is based on the categorisation of cities on population, instead of releasing overall rankings.

1. Cities with a population of more than 10 lakh
2. Cities with a population of 1-10 lakh
3. Cities with a population of less than 1 lakh
4. Other categories have also been specified

The Results

A. Cleanest City of India (> 1 lakh population category):

• Indore (1st)
• Surat  (2nd)
• Navi Mumbai (3rd) 

B. Indore has created recordby winning title of cleanest city fourth time in a row.

C. Cleanest State of India(> 100 Urban Local Bodies category) : Chhattisgarh.

D. Cleanest State of India(<100 ULB category) : Jharkhand 

E. Cleanest town along the banks of river Ganga: Varanasi 

F. Cleanest capital city: New Delhi

G. Cleanest city with over 40 lakh population: Ahmedabad

SBM 2.0

Envisions to:

• Take current targets further, making cities open defecation-free, including 100% sludge management and zero dumping of waste in the open.
• Safe containment, transportation and disposal of faecal sludge and septage from toilets and also the grey and black water from households and establishments.
• Treat all wastewater before discharging into water bodies and their maximum possible re-use.
• Provide adequate safety gear and mechanised equipment to all sanitation workers with maximum attention.

Prerak Dauur Samman as part of Swachh Survekshan 2021

The Prerak Dauur Samman has a total of five additional sub- categories -Divya (Platinum), Anupam (Gold), Ujjwal (Silver), Udit (Bronze), Aarohi (Aspiring) – with top three cities being recognized in each. In a departure from the present criteria of evaluating cities on ‘population category’, this new category will categorize cities on the basis of six select indicator wise performance criteria which are as follows:

1. Segregation of waste into Wet, Dry and Hazard categories
2. Processing capacity against wet waste generated
3. Processing and recycling of wet and dry waste
4. Construction & Demolition (C&D) waste processing
5. Percentage of waste going to landfills
6. Sanitation status of cities

Connecting the dots:

1. Implementing the programme is not the end. Its evaluation and monitoring shows the success and way forward. Discuss the Swachh Bharat component- Swachh Sarvekshan.
2. Has the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Brought a Paradigm Shift in Rural Sanitation? Discuss.
3. The Swachcha Bharat mission is not only a cleanliness campaign but also a socio-economic movement. Elaborate.