IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements with respect to ‘Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy (MRT)’
- It originated as a special form of in vitro fertilization in which some or all of the future baby’s mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) comes from a third party
- The nucleus of the egg is removed and replaced with the nuclear DNA from the woman who has mitochondrial DNA mutations
- The two most common techniques in mitochondrial donation are maternal spindle transfer and pronuclear transfer
Choose the correct answer using the code given below
Correct
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT), sometimes called mitochondrial donation, is the replacement of mitochondria in one or more cells to prevent or ameliorate disease. MRT originated as a special form of in vitro fertilisation in which some or all of the future baby’s mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) comes from a third party. The nucleus of the egg is removed and replaced with the nuclear DNA from the woman who has mitochondrial DNA mutations. The egg is then fertilized with the father’s sperm in the embryology lab. If it grows into an embryo for transfer during IVF treatment, the embryo would be free of mitochondrial disease. The two most common techniques in mitochondrial donation are maternal spindle transfer and pronuclear transfer. MRT proposes to give parents chance of having a child that is over 99% genetically matched to them and most importantly free of the mitochondrial disease Context – The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA), the U.K. fertility regulator, recently confirmed that less than five children have been born using mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) as of April 2023.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT), sometimes called mitochondrial donation, is the replacement of mitochondria in one or more cells to prevent or ameliorate disease. MRT originated as a special form of in vitro fertilisation in which some or all of the future baby’s mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) comes from a third party. The nucleus of the egg is removed and replaced with the nuclear DNA from the woman who has mitochondrial DNA mutations. The egg is then fertilized with the father’s sperm in the embryology lab. If it grows into an embryo for transfer during IVF treatment, the embryo would be free of mitochondrial disease. The two most common techniques in mitochondrial donation are maternal spindle transfer and pronuclear transfer. MRT proposes to give parents chance of having a child that is over 99% genetically matched to them and most importantly free of the mitochondrial disease Context – The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA), the U.K. fertility regulator, recently confirmed that less than five children have been born using mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) as of April 2023.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to ‘Model Prisons Act, 2023’, consider the following statements
- The Act includes provision for security assessment and segregation of prisoners, and collective sentence planning
- The draft of the Act has been prepared by National Institute of Criminology and Forensic Sciences
- The Act will also focus on vocational training and skill development of prisoners and their reintegration into the society
Choose the correct answer using the code given below
Correct
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Incorrect Correct Some salient features of the new Model Prisons Act include provision for security assessment and segregation of prisoners, and individual sentence planning. Grievance redressal, prison development board, attitudinal change towards prisoners, provision of separate accommodation for women prisoners, and transgender are some of the other features. The Ministry of Home Affairs assigned the task of revision of the Prisons Act, 1894 to the Bureau of Police Research and Development. The Bureau, after holding wide ranging discussions with State Prison authorities, correctional experts etc. prepared a draft. There is also a provision for use of technology in prison administration with a view to bring transparency in prison administration. The new Act will focus on vocational training and skill development of prisoners and their reintegration into the society. Context – The Union government has announced that it has prepared a Model Prisons Act to replace the current 130-year-old law i.e., Prisons Act, 1894.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Incorrect Correct Some salient features of the new Model Prisons Act include provision for security assessment and segregation of prisoners, and individual sentence planning. Grievance redressal, prison development board, attitudinal change towards prisoners, provision of separate accommodation for women prisoners, and transgender are some of the other features. The Ministry of Home Affairs assigned the task of revision of the Prisons Act, 1894 to the Bureau of Police Research and Development. The Bureau, after holding wide ranging discussions with State Prison authorities, correctional experts etc. prepared a draft. There is also a provision for use of technology in prison administration with a view to bring transparency in prison administration. The new Act will focus on vocational training and skill development of prisoners and their reintegration into the society. Context – The Union government has announced that it has prepared a Model Prisons Act to replace the current 130-year-old law i.e., Prisons Act, 1894.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
With reference to ‘London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)’, consider the following statements
- It is a benchmark interest rate at which major global banks lend to one another in the international interbank market for short-term loans.
- It is based on five currencies consisting of the U.S. dollar, the Euro, the British pound, the Chinese Yuan and the Swiss franc
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect LIBOR is a benchmark interest rate at which major global banks lend to one another in the international interbank market for short-term loans. It serves short-term loans with maturities from Overnight to 1 year. It also acts as a basis for Corporate and Government Bonds, mortgages, student loans, credit cards, derivatives, and other Financial Products. It is based on five currencies, including the U.S. dollar, the Euro, the British pound, the Japanese yen, and the Swiss franc, and serves 7 different maturity periods. It is administered by ICE Benchmark Administration (IBA), and regulated by the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Context – RBI asks banks to complete transition away from LIBOR from July 1
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect LIBOR is a benchmark interest rate at which major global banks lend to one another in the international interbank market for short-term loans. It serves short-term loans with maturities from Overnight to 1 year. It also acts as a basis for Corporate and Government Bonds, mortgages, student loans, credit cards, derivatives, and other Financial Products. It is based on five currencies, including the U.S. dollar, the Euro, the British pound, the Japanese yen, and the Swiss franc, and serves 7 different maturity periods. It is administered by ICE Benchmark Administration (IBA), and regulated by the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Context – RBI asks banks to complete transition away from LIBOR from July 1
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Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements about ‘Carbon dating’
- Carbon dating is a widely-used method applied to establish the age of only organic materials
- The dating method makes use of particular isotope of carbon called C-14 which decays at a rate that is well known
Correct
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct Carbon dating is a widely-used method to establish the age of organic materials, things that were once living. Carbon dating cannot be used to determine the age of non-living things like rocks. Radiocarbon dating works on organic materials up to about 60,000 years of age. The dating method is based on the fact that Carbon-14 (C-14), an isotope of carbon with an atomic mass of 14, is radioactive, and decays at a well-known rate. Carbon-14 is radioactive and reduces to one-half of itself in about 5,730 years. This is what is known as its ‘half-life’. So, after a plant or animal dies, the ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14 in the body, or its remains, begins to change. This change can be measured and can be used to deduce the approximate time when the organism died. Context – The Allahabad High Court recently ordered a “scientific survey”, including carbon dating, of a “Shivling” said to have been found at the Gyanvapi mosque complex in Varanasi after setting aside a lower court order on the issue.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct Carbon dating is a widely-used method to establish the age of organic materials, things that were once living. Carbon dating cannot be used to determine the age of non-living things like rocks. Radiocarbon dating works on organic materials up to about 60,000 years of age. The dating method is based on the fact that Carbon-14 (C-14), an isotope of carbon with an atomic mass of 14, is radioactive, and decays at a well-known rate. Carbon-14 is radioactive and reduces to one-half of itself in about 5,730 years. This is what is known as its ‘half-life’. So, after a plant or animal dies, the ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14 in the body, or its remains, begins to change. This change can be measured and can be used to deduce the approximate time when the organism died. Context – The Allahabad High Court recently ordered a “scientific survey”, including carbon dating, of a “Shivling” said to have been found at the Gyanvapi mosque complex in Varanasi after setting aside a lower court order on the issue.
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Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Which one of the following groupings recently adopted India’s proposal on Digital Public Infrastructure
Correct
Solution (b)
Inter-governmental body Shanghai Cooperation Organization members have unanimously adopted India’s proposal for developing Digital Public Infrastructure. The proposal includes platforms such as Aadhaar, United Payments Interface (UPI), and DigiLocker. This was done during a recently held meeting of Digital Ministers of SCO member. The meeting was chaired by India.
Context – SCO members unanimously adopted proposal on Digital Public Infrastructure
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Inter-governmental body Shanghai Cooperation Organization members have unanimously adopted India’s proposal for developing Digital Public Infrastructure. The proposal includes platforms such as Aadhaar, United Payments Interface (UPI), and DigiLocker. This was done during a recently held meeting of Digital Ministers of SCO member. The meeting was chaired by India.
Context – SCO members unanimously adopted proposal on Digital Public Infrastructure
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