IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements about Biochar
- Biochar is a carbon-rich material that is made from biomass through process known as pyrolysis.
- Biochar is black, highly porous, lightweight and fine-grained.
- Biochar production is a carbon-negative process.
Choose the correct statements:
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct · Biochar is a carbon-rich material that is made from biomass through a thermochemical conversion process known as pyrolysis. · Pyrolysis – In this process, organic materials, such as wood chips, leaf litter or dead plants, are burned in a container with very little/no oxygen.
· Physical Attribute – Biochar is black, highly porous, lightweight, fine-grained and has a large surface area. · Approximately 70% of its composition is carbon.
· The remaining percentage consists of nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen among other elements.
· It is produced using a specific process to reduce contamination and safely store carbon.
· Biochar production is a carbon-negative process, which means that it actually reduces CO2 in the atmosphere. · In the process, the unstable carbon is converted into a stable form of carbon that is then stored in the biochar.
· When biochar is applied to the soil, it stores the carbon in a secure place for potentially hundreds or thousands of years
Context: While the biochar industry is still in its infancy, the technology offers a novel way to remove carbon from the atmosphere.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct · Biochar is a carbon-rich material that is made from biomass through a thermochemical conversion process known as pyrolysis. · Pyrolysis – In this process, organic materials, such as wood chips, leaf litter or dead plants, are burned in a container with very little/no oxygen.
· Physical Attribute – Biochar is black, highly porous, lightweight, fine-grained and has a large surface area. · Approximately 70% of its composition is carbon.
· The remaining percentage consists of nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen among other elements.
· It is produced using a specific process to reduce contamination and safely store carbon.
· Biochar production is a carbon-negative process, which means that it actually reduces CO2 in the atmosphere. · In the process, the unstable carbon is converted into a stable form of carbon that is then stored in the biochar.
· When biochar is applied to the soil, it stores the carbon in a secure place for potentially hundreds or thousands of years
Context: While the biochar industry is still in its infancy, the technology offers a novel way to remove carbon from the atmosphere.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements about Protein Nano-computers
- Protein Nano-computers respond directly to stimuli and then produce a desired action unlike Traditional synthetic biology approach rely on the expression or suppression of proteins.
- In Protein Nano-computers, the target protein responds to light and a drug called rapamycin by adjusting its orientation, or position in space.
Choose the incorrect statements:
Correct
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct Protein Nano-computers · The first protein-based nano-computing agent that functions as a circuit has been created by Penn State researchers.
· Traditional synthetic biology approach rely on the expression or suppression of proteins that produce a desired action within a cell.
· Protein-based devices or Nano-computing agents respond directly to stimuli (inputs) and then produce a desired action (outputs).
· Researchers engineered a target protein by integrating 2 sensor domains, or areas that respond to stimuli. · In this case, the target protein responds to light and a drug called rapamycin by adjusting its orientation, or position in space.
· To test their design, the team introduced their engineered protein into live cells in culture. By exposing the cultured cells to the stimuli, they used equipment to measure changes in cellular orientation after cells were exposed to the sensor domains’ stimuli.
· Previously, their nano-computing agent required two inputs to produce one output.
· Now, there are two possible outputs and the output depends on which order the inputs are received.
· If rapamycin is detected first, followed by light, the cell will adopt one angle of cell orientation, but if the stimuli are received in a reverse order, then the cell adopts a different orientation angle.
· This experimental proof-of-concept opens the door for the development of more complex nano-computing agents.
· Theoretically, the more inputs you embed into a nano-computing agent, the more potential outcomes that could result from different combinations.
Context: What are protein nano-computers? – An article in The Hindu
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct Protein Nano-computers · The first protein-based nano-computing agent that functions as a circuit has been created by Penn State researchers.
· Traditional synthetic biology approach rely on the expression or suppression of proteins that produce a desired action within a cell.
· Protein-based devices or Nano-computing agents respond directly to stimuli (inputs) and then produce a desired action (outputs).
· Researchers engineered a target protein by integrating 2 sensor domains, or areas that respond to stimuli. · In this case, the target protein responds to light and a drug called rapamycin by adjusting its orientation, or position in space.
· To test their design, the team introduced their engineered protein into live cells in culture. By exposing the cultured cells to the stimuli, they used equipment to measure changes in cellular orientation after cells were exposed to the sensor domains’ stimuli.
· Previously, their nano-computing agent required two inputs to produce one output.
· Now, there are two possible outputs and the output depends on which order the inputs are received.
· If rapamycin is detected first, followed by light, the cell will adopt one angle of cell orientation, but if the stimuli are received in a reverse order, then the cell adopts a different orientation angle.
· This experimental proof-of-concept opens the door for the development of more complex nano-computing agents.
· Theoretically, the more inputs you embed into a nano-computing agent, the more potential outcomes that could result from different combinations.
Context: What are protein nano-computers? – An article in The Hindu
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements about Strategic Petroleum Reserves (SPR) in India
- Underground rock caverns are developed through excavation whereas salt caverns are developed by the process of solution mining.
- Oil Absorbency is high in rock cavern based reserves compared to salt based cavern reserves.
- Currently, India has 3 strategic oil storage facilities at Mangaluru, Padur and Visakhapatnam.
Choose the incorrect statements:
Correct
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct Rock based cavern Reserves · Developed through Excavation
· Complex, Slow and High Cost.
· High Oil Absorbency compare to Salt based method.
Salt based Cavern Reserves · Developed through solution mining (pumping water into geological formations with large salt deposits to dissolve the salt).
· Simple, Fast and Cost effective.
· Low Oil absorbency
Currently, India has 3 strategic oil storage facilities at · Mangaluru – Karnataka
· Padur – Karnataka
· Visakhapatnam – Andhra Pradesh
India is also in the process of expanding its SPR capacity at two locations
· Chandikhol – Odisha
· Padur – Karnataka
Context: A Govt-owned engineering firm is studying whether petroleum reserves can be developed in Rajasthan’s salt caverns.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct Rock based cavern Reserves · Developed through Excavation
· Complex, Slow and High Cost.
· High Oil Absorbency compare to Salt based method.
Salt based Cavern Reserves · Developed through solution mining (pumping water into geological formations with large salt deposits to dissolve the salt).
· Simple, Fast and Cost effective.
· Low Oil absorbency
Currently, India has 3 strategic oil storage facilities at · Mangaluru – Karnataka
· Padur – Karnataka
· Visakhapatnam – Andhra Pradesh
India is also in the process of expanding its SPR capacity at two locations
· Chandikhol – Odisha
· Padur – Karnataka
Context: A Govt-owned engineering firm is studying whether petroleum reserves can be developed in Rajasthan’s salt caverns.
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements about Adverse Possession
- It is a legal concept that allows a person who has unlawfully occupied someone else’s land for a certain period of time to claim legal ownership of that land.
- In India, adverse possession has been a part of the legal framework and is rooted in the idea that land must not be left vacant and tobe put to judicious use.
- To claim adverse possession, the occupier must prove that they have been in continuous, uninterrupted possession of the land for at least 24 years.
Choose the correct statements:
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect · It is a legal concept that allows a person who has unlawfully occupied someone else’s land for a certain period of time to claim legal ownership of that land. · The claimant, or disseisor, must demonstrate that several criteria have been met before the court will allow their claim.
· In India, adverse possession has been a part of the legal framework for a long time and is rooted in the idea that land must not be left vacant and instead be put to judicious use. · The law of Adverse Possession in India is governed by the principle of The Limitation Law of 1963.
· According to the Indian legal system, if a property owner fails to make a claim towards their property for 12 years, and the same tenant continues to occupy the property for 12 years, the ownership rights to the property is transferred to the tenant
· To claim adverse possession, the occupier must prove that they have been in continuous, uninterrupted possession of the land for at least 12 years and that their possession was open, notorious, and hostile to the true owner. Context: The Law Commission of India recenly recommended against enlarging the period of limitation provided under Articles 64, 65, 111, or 112 of the Limitation Act, 1963, which encapsulates the law on adverse possession.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect · It is a legal concept that allows a person who has unlawfully occupied someone else’s land for a certain period of time to claim legal ownership of that land. · The claimant, or disseisor, must demonstrate that several criteria have been met before the court will allow their claim.
· In India, adverse possession has been a part of the legal framework for a long time and is rooted in the idea that land must not be left vacant and instead be put to judicious use. · The law of Adverse Possession in India is governed by the principle of The Limitation Law of 1963.
· According to the Indian legal system, if a property owner fails to make a claim towards their property for 12 years, and the same tenant continues to occupy the property for 12 years, the ownership rights to the property is transferred to the tenant
· To claim adverse possession, the occupier must prove that they have been in continuous, uninterrupted possession of the land for at least 12 years and that their possession was open, notorious, and hostile to the true owner. Context: The Law Commission of India recenly recommended against enlarging the period of limitation provided under Articles 64, 65, 111, or 112 of the Limitation Act, 1963, which encapsulates the law on adverse possession.
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Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Bima Vahak, Bima Vistaar and Bima Sugam, recently seen in news are related to which of the following sector?
Correct
Solution (a)
Option a Correct Bima Sugam · It is a one-stop online portal for all insurance related queries, policy purchase, claim settlement and insurance advice.
· Web aggregators, brokers, insurance agents, bank agents, etc would act as facilitators on this platform for selling insurance policies.
· The portal would provide all such facilities to policyholders having an e-insurance account (E-IA).
Bima Vahak
· It is another initiative by the IRDAI to reach the last mile.
· It refers to a dedicated distribution channel to reach out to every Gram Panchayat.
· Each Gram Panchayat would have a ‘Bima Vahak’ who would be tasked to sell and service simple parametric bundled insurance products.
· Bima Vahak intends to form a women-centric insurance distribution channel.
Bima Vistaar
· It will target the untapped geographies and provide a social safety net for rural population.
· It aims to develop and suggest an affordable, accessible, and comprehensive cover for the rural population.
Context: IRDAI has set up a 24-member committee to synergise Bima Vahak, Bima Vistaar and the digital platform – Bima Sugam.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Option a Correct Bima Sugam · It is a one-stop online portal for all insurance related queries, policy purchase, claim settlement and insurance advice.
· Web aggregators, brokers, insurance agents, bank agents, etc would act as facilitators on this platform for selling insurance policies.
· The portal would provide all such facilities to policyholders having an e-insurance account (E-IA).
Bima Vahak
· It is another initiative by the IRDAI to reach the last mile.
· It refers to a dedicated distribution channel to reach out to every Gram Panchayat.
· Each Gram Panchayat would have a ‘Bima Vahak’ who would be tasked to sell and service simple parametric bundled insurance products.
· Bima Vahak intends to form a women-centric insurance distribution channel.
Bima Vistaar
· It will target the untapped geographies and provide a social safety net for rural population.
· It aims to develop and suggest an affordable, accessible, and comprehensive cover for the rural population.
Context: IRDAI has set up a 24-member committee to synergise Bima Vahak, Bima Vistaar and the digital platform – Bima Sugam.
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