IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
With reference to GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation), consider the following statements:
- It is India’s Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS) jointly developed by ISRO and the Airports Authority of India.
- It provides independent Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) services through an indigenous satellite constellation.
- It enables precision approach and landing even at airports that do not possess an Instrument Landing System (ILS).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: (a)
Explanation
- Statement 1 is correct. GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation) is India’s Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS), jointly developed by ISRO and the Airports Authority of India (AAI). It augments existing GPS/GNSS signals by transmitting correction and integrity information, thereby improving navigation accuracy for civil aviation.
- Statement 2 is incorrect because GAGAN is not an independent navigation constellation. Independent Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) services are provided by NavIC, whereas GAGAN merely enhances GPS/GNSS performance. UPSC often frames questions confusing GNSS with SBAS.
- Statement 3 is correct. GAGAN enables precision approach and landing at airports lacking Instrument Landing Systems (ILS), improving safety and reducing infrastructure dependence. It complies with ICAO standards and is compatible with other SBAS systems such as WAAS and EGNOS.
Why this question? Tests conceptual distinction between SBAS and indigenous navigation constellations.
Why important for UPSC? Indigenous space technologies are recurring Science & Technology themes.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar conceptual questions appeared on NavIC, IRNSS and satellite navigation systems.
Incorrect
Answer: (a)
Explanation
- Statement 1 is correct. GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation) is India’s Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS), jointly developed by ISRO and the Airports Authority of India (AAI). It augments existing GPS/GNSS signals by transmitting correction and integrity information, thereby improving navigation accuracy for civil aviation.
- Statement 2 is incorrect because GAGAN is not an independent navigation constellation. Independent Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) services are provided by NavIC, whereas GAGAN merely enhances GPS/GNSS performance. UPSC often frames questions confusing GNSS with SBAS.
- Statement 3 is correct. GAGAN enables precision approach and landing at airports lacking Instrument Landing Systems (ILS), improving safety and reducing infrastructure dependence. It complies with ICAO standards and is compatible with other SBAS systems such as WAAS and EGNOS.
Why this question? Tests conceptual distinction between SBAS and indigenous navigation constellations.
Why important for UPSC? Indigenous space technologies are recurring Science & Technology themes.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar conceptual questions appeared on NavIC, IRNSS and satellite navigation systems.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the Greater Adjutant Stork (Hargila):
- It is endemic to India.
- It is listed as Endangered in the IUCN Red List.
- It performs an important ecological role as a scavenger by feeding on carcasses and organic waste.
- It is included in Appendix II of CITES.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: (a)
Explanation
- Statement 1 is incorrect because the Greater Adjutant Stork (Leptoptilos dubius) is not endemic to India. While its largest surviving population occurs in Assam, it is also found in Bihar and has small populations in Cambodia.
- Statement 2 is correct. The species is classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
- Statement 3 is correct because it is an important scavenger that consumes carcasses and organic waste, thereby contributing to ecosystem sanitation and nutrient recycling.
- Statement 4 is correct. The species is listed under CITES Appendix II, regulating international trade. UPSC frequently combines conservation status, habitat and ecological function in species-based questions.
Why this question? Combines conservation status, distribution and ecological role in one question.
Why important for UPSC? Species-in-news remain one of UPSC’s highest-yield environment areas.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar questions asked on vultures, bustards and migratory birds.
Incorrect
Answer: (a)
Explanation
- Statement 1 is incorrect because the Greater Adjutant Stork (Leptoptilos dubius) is not endemic to India. While its largest surviving population occurs in Assam, it is also found in Bihar and has small populations in Cambodia.
- Statement 2 is correct. The species is classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
- Statement 3 is correct because it is an important scavenger that consumes carcasses and organic waste, thereby contributing to ecosystem sanitation and nutrient recycling.
- Statement 4 is correct. The species is listed under CITES Appendix II, regulating international trade. UPSC frequently combines conservation status, habitat and ecological function in species-based questions.
Why this question? Combines conservation status, distribution and ecological role in one question.
Why important for UPSC? Species-in-news remain one of UPSC’s highest-yield environment areas.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar questions asked on vultures, bustards and migratory birds.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
With reference to the National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF), consider the following statements:
- It is registered with SEBI as a Category II Alternative Investment Fund.
- It is a sovereign wealth fund wholly owned by the Government of India.
- The Government of India acts as the anchor investor while institutional investors contribute the remaining capital.
- NIIF primarily mobilises long-term capital for infrastructure and strategic sectors.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: (d)
Explanation
- Statement 1 is correct. NIIF is registered with SEBI as a Category II Alternative Investment Fund (AIF) and is managed by National Investment and Infrastructure Fund Limited (NIIFL).
- Statement 2 is incorrect. NIIF is not a sovereign wealth fund. It is a sovereign-anchored investment platform, with the Government of India serving as the anchor investor rather than the sole owner.
- Statement 3 is correct. The Government contributes 49% as the anchor investor, while the remaining capital is mobilised from domestic and global institutional investors.
- Statement 4 is correct. NIIF finances long-term infrastructure projects across sectors such as transport, energy, digital infrastructure, urban infrastructure and manufacturing. UPSC often tests distinctions among NIIF, NaBFID and sovereign wealth funds.
Why this question? Tests distinction between sovereign wealth funds and sovereign-anchored investment platforms.
Why important for UPSC? Infrastructure financing and alternative investment mechanisms are emerging economy themes.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar conceptual questions have appeared on financial institutions and infrastructure financing.
Incorrect
Answer: (d)
Explanation
- Statement 1 is correct. NIIF is registered with SEBI as a Category II Alternative Investment Fund (AIF) and is managed by National Investment and Infrastructure Fund Limited (NIIFL).
- Statement 2 is incorrect. NIIF is not a sovereign wealth fund. It is a sovereign-anchored investment platform, with the Government of India serving as the anchor investor rather than the sole owner.
- Statement 3 is correct. The Government contributes 49% as the anchor investor, while the remaining capital is mobilised from domestic and global institutional investors.
- Statement 4 is correct. NIIF finances long-term infrastructure projects across sectors such as transport, energy, digital infrastructure, urban infrastructure and manufacturing. UPSC often tests distinctions among NIIF, NaBFID and sovereign wealth funds.
Why this question? Tests distinction between sovereign wealth funds and sovereign-anchored investment platforms.
Why important for UPSC? Infrastructure financing and alternative investment mechanisms are emerging economy themes.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar conceptual questions have appeared on financial institutions and infrastructure financing.
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Question 4 of 5
4. Question
With reference to Nagori Ashwagandha, recently in the news, consider the following statements:
- It is a premium variety of Withania somnifera cultivated mainly in Rajasthan.
- The Geographical Indication (GI) registration was supported by ICAR–Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research (ICAR-DMAPR), Anand.
- Its medicinal value is primarily attributed to its high concentration of withanolides and alkaloids.
- The crop is best suited to humid tropical climatic conditions with clayey soils.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Answer: (c)
Explanation
- Statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct. Nagori Ashwagandha is a premium variety of Withania somnifera cultivated mainly in the Nagaur, Churu and Bikaner districts of Rajasthan. It recently received a Geographical Indication (GI) tag, with the registration supported by ICAR–Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research (ICAR-DMAPR), the National Medicinal Plants Board (NMPB), the Rajasthan Department of Agriculture and the Nagori Welfare Society. Its long, cavity-free roots contain high levels of withanolides and alkaloids, making it highly valued by the herbal and pharmaceutical industries.
- Statement 4 is incorrect because the crop thrives in arid to semi-arid climatic conditions with well-drained sandy soils, which contribute to its distinctive medicinal properties. UPSC often frames questions by reversing agro-climatic requirements of important crops.
Why this question? Tests crop–state mapping with GI, phytochemicals and climatic suitability.
Why important for UPSC? GI-tagged products and medicinal plants are recurring current affairs themes.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar questions have appeared on GI-tagged crops, spices and medicinal plants.
Incorrect
Answer: (c)
Explanation
- Statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct. Nagori Ashwagandha is a premium variety of Withania somnifera cultivated mainly in the Nagaur, Churu and Bikaner districts of Rajasthan. It recently received a Geographical Indication (GI) tag, with the registration supported by ICAR–Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research (ICAR-DMAPR), the National Medicinal Plants Board (NMPB), the Rajasthan Department of Agriculture and the Nagori Welfare Society. Its long, cavity-free roots contain high levels of withanolides and alkaloids, making it highly valued by the herbal and pharmaceutical industries.
- Statement 4 is incorrect because the crop thrives in arid to semi-arid climatic conditions with well-drained sandy soils, which contribute to its distinctive medicinal properties. UPSC often frames questions by reversing agro-climatic requirements of important crops.
Why this question? Tests crop–state mapping with GI, phytochemicals and climatic suitability.
Why important for UPSC? GI-tagged products and medicinal plants are recurring current affairs themes.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar questions have appeared on GI-tagged crops, spices and medicinal plants.
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Himayat Sagar Lake:
- It is an artificial reservoir constructed across the Esi River, a tributary of the Musi River.
- It was built after the devastating 1908 Musi floods primarily for flood moderation and drinking water supply.
- Osman Sagar, another important reservoir of Hyderabad, is also constructed across the Esi River.
- Himayat Sagar is located in Ranga Reddy district of Telangana.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: (d)
Explanation
- Statements 1, 2 and 4 are correct. Himayat Sagar is an artificial reservoir located in Ranga Reddy district, Telangana, constructed across the Esi River, which is a tributary of the Musi River. It was built between 1920 and 1927 during the reign of Mir Osman Ali Khan after the catastrophic 1908 Musi floods to provide flood moderation and drinking water to Hyderabad and Secunderabad.
- Statement 3 is incorrect because Osman Sagar is constructed across the Musi River, not the Esi River. UPSC frequently tests reservoir–river pairings by interchanging tributaries and main rivers, making careful geographical mapping essential for elimination.
Why this question? Tests river–reservoir mapping and urban water resource management.
Why important for UPSC? Geography questions increasingly integrate infrastructure with river systems.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar questions have appeared on dams, reservoirs and river tributaries in UPSC Prelims.
Incorrect
Answer: (d)
Explanation
- Statements 1, 2 and 4 are correct. Himayat Sagar is an artificial reservoir located in Ranga Reddy district, Telangana, constructed across the Esi River, which is a tributary of the Musi River. It was built between 1920 and 1927 during the reign of Mir Osman Ali Khan after the catastrophic 1908 Musi floods to provide flood moderation and drinking water to Hyderabad and Secunderabad.
- Statement 3 is incorrect because Osman Sagar is constructed across the Musi River, not the Esi River. UPSC frequently tests reservoir–river pairings by interchanging tributaries and main rivers, making careful geographical mapping essential for elimination.
Why this question? Tests river–reservoir mapping and urban water resource management.
Why important for UPSC? Geography questions increasingly integrate infrastructure with river systems.
PYQ Pattern Link: Similar questions have appeared on dams, reservoirs and river tributaries in UPSC Prelims.
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