IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the Black-necked Crane:
It is primarily associated with high-altitude wetlands and grasslands.
The majority of its global population occurs on the Tibetan Plateau.
In India, its important breeding areas include wetlands of the Changthang region.
Its conservation status under the IUCN Red List is Endangered.
Which of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Solution (a)
Explanation:
The Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) is a high-altitude wetland species associated with alpine wetlands and grasslands, making Statement 1 correct. Its global population is estimated at around 11,000–12,000, with the majority occurring on the Tibetan Plateau, making Statement 2 correct. In India, important breeding areas include Changthang Cold Desert Wildlife Sanctuary, particularly Hanle, Tso Kar and Nyoma wetlands, besides the Suru Valley; hence Statement 3 is correct. Statement 4 is incorrect because the species is classified as Vulnerable, not Endangered, under the IUCN Red List. Ladakh is its Indian state/UT bird. Conservation concerns include predation by free-ranging dogs, human disturbance and food subsidies from unmanaged waste.
Why this question?
Tests species status, geographical distribution and habitat while introducing a close IUCN-category trap.
Why important for UPSC?
Combines Himalayan ecology, wetlands, species conservation and human-induced ecological pressures.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC frequently tests endangered species through habitat, distribution, conservation status and protected areas.Incorrect
Solution (a)
Explanation:
The Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) is a high-altitude wetland species associated with alpine wetlands and grasslands, making Statement 1 correct. Its global population is estimated at around 11,000–12,000, with the majority occurring on the Tibetan Plateau, making Statement 2 correct. In India, important breeding areas include Changthang Cold Desert Wildlife Sanctuary, particularly Hanle, Tso Kar and Nyoma wetlands, besides the Suru Valley; hence Statement 3 is correct. Statement 4 is incorrect because the species is classified as Vulnerable, not Endangered, under the IUCN Red List. Ladakh is its Indian state/UT bird. Conservation concerns include predation by free-ranging dogs, human disturbance and food subsidies from unmanaged waste.
Why this question?
Tests species status, geographical distribution and habitat while introducing a close IUCN-category trap.
Why important for UPSC?
Combines Himalayan ecology, wetlands, species conservation and human-induced ecological pressures.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC frequently tests endangered species through habitat, distribution, conservation status and protected areas. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to the Sanchar Mitra Scheme, consider the following statements:
It is implemented by the Department of Telecommunications under the Ministry of Communications.
Sanchar Mitras are primarily drawn from technical institutions having programmes related to telecom and cybersecurity.
The programme is confined to metropolitan cities because of its emphasis on advanced digital technologies.
It seeks to promote awareness regarding telecom services, cyber frauds and mobile security.
Which of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Solution (d)
Explanation:
The Sanchar Mitra Scheme is implemented by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), Ministry of Communications, making Statement 1 correct. It is a youth-oriented digital outreach programme involving students from technical institutions with programmes in telecom, electronics, computer science, cybersecurity and related fields; hence Statement 2 is correct. Statement 3 is incorrect because the programme is implemented across all States and Union Territories through DoT’s Licensed Service Area field offices. Statement 4 correctly identifies its focus on citizen-centric telecom services, prevention of telecom and cyber frauds, mobile security, responsible telecom usage and digital safety. More than 200 institutions are participating. The selection of three Indian Sanchar Mitras as ITU Generation Connect Youth Envoys further demonstrates the programme’s international digital-policy linkage.
Why this question?
The geographical limitation is the trap, contrasting nationwide implementation with a technology-focused target group.
Why important for UPSC?
Links digital governance, cybersecurity, youth participation and inclusive digital transformation.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC often tests government schemes through implementing ministry, beneficiaries and geographical coverage.Incorrect
Solution (d)
Explanation:
The Sanchar Mitra Scheme is implemented by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), Ministry of Communications, making Statement 1 correct. It is a youth-oriented digital outreach programme involving students from technical institutions with programmes in telecom, electronics, computer science, cybersecurity and related fields; hence Statement 2 is correct. Statement 3 is incorrect because the programme is implemented across all States and Union Territories through DoT’s Licensed Service Area field offices. Statement 4 correctly identifies its focus on citizen-centric telecom services, prevention of telecom and cyber frauds, mobile security, responsible telecom usage and digital safety. More than 200 institutions are participating. The selection of three Indian Sanchar Mitras as ITU Generation Connect Youth Envoys further demonstrates the programme’s international digital-policy linkage.
Why this question?
The geographical limitation is the trap, contrasting nationwide implementation with a technology-focused target group.
Why important for UPSC?
Links digital governance, cybersecurity, youth participation and inclusive digital transformation.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC often tests government schemes through implementing ministry, beneficiaries and geographical coverage. -
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Which one of the following best explains the distinction between a Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA), Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and Customs Union?
Correct
Solution (a)
Explanation:
A Preferential Trade Agreement provides preferential tariff concessions on selected products between participating countries; it does not necessarily eliminate tariffs comprehensively. A Free Trade Agreement generally involves broader tariff liberalisation among members, while members retain their own external tariff policies towards non-members. A Customs Union goes one step further by maintaining a common external tariff against non-members. Therefore, option (a) correctly captures the conceptual hierarchy. The India–SACU engagement discussed in the source concerns negotiations for a PTA, not an FTA or customs union. SACU itself is a customs union comprising South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and Eswatini. The distinction is particularly important because the presence of a common external tariff is the defining additional feature separating a customs union from an FTA.
Why this question?
Tests the precise institutional distinction based on the treatment of external tariffs.
Why important for UPSC?
International trade agreements and their economic implications are recurring Economy and IR themes.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC frequently tests trade arrangements through tariff structures, market access and external trade policy.Incorrect
Solution (a)
Explanation:
A Preferential Trade Agreement provides preferential tariff concessions on selected products between participating countries; it does not necessarily eliminate tariffs comprehensively. A Free Trade Agreement generally involves broader tariff liberalisation among members, while members retain their own external tariff policies towards non-members. A Customs Union goes one step further by maintaining a common external tariff against non-members. Therefore, option (a) correctly captures the conceptual hierarchy. The India–SACU engagement discussed in the source concerns negotiations for a PTA, not an FTA or customs union. SACU itself is a customs union comprising South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and Eswatini. The distinction is particularly important because the presence of a common external tariff is the defining additional feature separating a customs union from an FTA.
Why this question?
Tests the precise institutional distinction based on the treatment of external tariffs.
Why important for UPSC?
International trade agreements and their economic implications are recurring Economy and IR themes.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC frequently tests trade arrangements through tariff structures, market access and external trade policy. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
With reference to cascade frogs recently identified in Northeast India, consider the following statements:
They belong to the genus Amolops.
They are generally associated with fast-flowing hill streams and waterfalls.
All three newly described species were discovered exclusively in Arunachal Pradesh.
Their evolutionary diversification has been studied using DNA-based methods.
Which of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Solution (d)
Explanation:
Cascade frogs belong to the genus Amolops and are primarily stream-dwelling frogs associated with fast-flowing hill streams and waterfalls, making Statements 1 and 2 correct. Statement 3 is incorrect because the three newly described species occur in different regions: Amolops ammachi was identified from the Jampui Hills of Tripura, A. sendenyu from Nagaland, and A. bella from West Bengal. Thus, they are not confined to Arunachal Pradesh. Statement 4 is correct because researchers used DNA-based dating and evolutionary analysis to study their diversification and historical dispersal. The genus underwent major diversification around 32 million years ago, near the Eocene–Oligocene transition. The findings reinforce the importance of Northeast India and the Eastern Himalaya for amphibian biodiversity and conservation.
Why this question?
Tests genus-habitat association while using geographical distribution as the elimination tool.
Why important for UPSC?
Links molecular taxonomy, evolutionary biology and the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC regularly combines newly discovered species with habitat, distribution and taxonomic information.Incorrect
Solution (d)
Explanation:
Cascade frogs belong to the genus Amolops and are primarily stream-dwelling frogs associated with fast-flowing hill streams and waterfalls, making Statements 1 and 2 correct. Statement 3 is incorrect because the three newly described species occur in different regions: Amolops ammachi was identified from the Jampui Hills of Tripura, A. sendenyu from Nagaland, and A. bella from West Bengal. Thus, they are not confined to Arunachal Pradesh. Statement 4 is correct because researchers used DNA-based dating and evolutionary analysis to study their diversification and historical dispersal. The genus underwent major diversification around 32 million years ago, near the Eocene–Oligocene transition. The findings reinforce the importance of Northeast India and the Eastern Himalaya for amphibian biodiversity and conservation.
Why this question?
Tests genus-habitat association while using geographical distribution as the elimination tool.
Why important for UPSC?
Links molecular taxonomy, evolutionary biology and the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC regularly combines newly discovered species with habitat, distribution and taxonomic information. -
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the NASA–ISRO Moon Base cooperation:
The proposed programme focuses particularly on establishing sustained human presence near the lunar South Pole.
Permanently shadowed regions are significant because they may contain water ice.
The Artemis Accords themselves constitute the Moon Base Programme.
Robotic missions can precede sustained human operations by identifying suitable sites and testing technologies.
Which of the statements given above are correct?Correct
Solution (c)
Explanation:
NASA’s Moon Base Programme aims to establish a sustained human presence on the Moon, particularly near the lunar South Pole, making Statement 1 correct. The South Pole is scientifically significant because permanently shadowed regions may contain water ice, making Statement 2 correct. Statement 3 is the central conceptual trap. The Artemis Accords are not the Moon Base Programme; they constitute a framework of principles for peaceful, sustainable civil exploration and responsible use of space resources. Hence Statement 3 is incorrect. Statement 4 is correct because robotic missions are expected to identify suitable locations, test technologies and reduce risks before sustained human operations. India’s involvement builds upon Artemis Accords participation, Chandrayaan-3’s South Pole-region achievement and NASA–ISRO cooperation through NISAR.
Why this question?
Separates the legal-policy framework of Artemis Accords from the operational Moon Base programme.
Why important for UPSC?
Connects lunar geography, space resources, human spaceflight and international space cooperation.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC increasingly links space missions with underlying technologies, international frameworks and celestial geography.Incorrect
Solution (c)
Explanation:
NASA’s Moon Base Programme aims to establish a sustained human presence on the Moon, particularly near the lunar South Pole, making Statement 1 correct. The South Pole is scientifically significant because permanently shadowed regions may contain water ice, making Statement 2 correct. Statement 3 is the central conceptual trap. The Artemis Accords are not the Moon Base Programme; they constitute a framework of principles for peaceful, sustainable civil exploration and responsible use of space resources. Hence Statement 3 is incorrect. Statement 4 is correct because robotic missions are expected to identify suitable locations, test technologies and reduce risks before sustained human operations. India’s involvement builds upon Artemis Accords participation, Chandrayaan-3’s South Pole-region achievement and NASA–ISRO cooperation through NISAR.
Why this question?
Separates the legal-policy framework of Artemis Accords from the operational Moon Base programme.
Why important for UPSC?
Connects lunar geography, space resources, human spaceflight and international space cooperation.
PYQ Pattern Link
UPSC increasingly links space missions with underlying technologies, international frameworks and celestial geography.
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