1. Radicalisation of youth has become a grave security challenge for India. The notion that only poverty, unemployment and alienation push the youth towards extremism has been busted with many affluent, educated and mainstream young getting inclined towards radical ideas. This requires a well calibrated approach to address the challenge of radicalisation. Do you agree? Substantiate.
Introduction:
Radicalization has become a serious concern for global world including India which host significant Minority population. Recent arrest shows it’s not just unemployed and uneducated but affluent, educated and mainstream youths are also getting inclined towards it.
Body:
Factors that make educated, affluent youths get inclined towards radical ideas:
Approach to addresses radicalization challenges:
Conclusion:
Government should take steps to integrate minority community with main stream India and install a sense of nationalism, pride, sense of security in the community so that they feel that this country belongs to them equally and all people are their own kith and kin.
2. India has become a soft target for external state and non-state actors with repeated attacks, incursions and intrusions witnessed in the recent past. Moreover, on the domestic front also, left wing extremism and communal tension have posed serious security threats. In this scenario, don’t you think India should have a National Security Doctrine? Critically examine.
Introduction:
Frequent intrusions, cross border firing from Pakistan state actors, terrorist attack on Pathankot air base by non-state actors and domestic naxal problem has thrown up a challenge for India to evolve a national security doctrine to deal with these threats in future.
Body:
Need for National Security doctrine:
Conclusion:
The above threats from state and non-state actors, external and internal threats pose grave security threat to India’s security which also affects our growth and development as super power. Government should take this issue on war footing and come up with policy to secure the country.
3. What is ‘SAMADHAN’? Why was it launched? Examine its features and suitability in the present context.
Introduction:
The SAMADHAN is a new strategy against Maoists launched by the Home Ministry.
Features:
Thus, the new strategy majorly focuses on using advanced technology including drones and smart guns that feature triggers that get activated by biometrics and on blocking financial funding to eradicate Naxalism and Maoism.
Suitability:
Left Wing Extremism threatens to weaken and make the roots of democracy hollow. More than 12,000 people had lost their lives in violent activities of the left-wing extremists. Out of these, 2,700 were security personnels. The anti-development strategy of left-wing extremists also targets government facilities meant for the public. We ofcourse need to work to “outthink” and and “outmanoeuvre” the LWE.
However, it must be noted that the LWE problem is not a ‘law and order’ problem alone but is also, a socio-economic problem. The cancer of LWE flourishes in poverty or backwardness. Thus, much more needs to be done. Ensuring security needs to be complemented with development and better governance in LWE- affected areas.
Way ahead:
The time has come for arresting the trend of Maoist inflicted violence by combining security and development related measures to counter the challenges posed by Naxalites. Both security and development related measures needs to be implemented aggressively.
4. The government has taken many steps to harness digital revolution to bring about socio-economic changes. However, the revolution is accompanied by multiple cyber security threats. In this scenario it becomes critical to secure the cyber ecosystem with greater caution and effect. Elucidate. Should India accept the Budapest convention? Critically examine.
SYNOPSIS:
India is on a cusp of digital revolution, the Government with the maxim of Maximum governance and Minimum Government has unveiled a range of e-governance initiatives under the Digital India program to increase transparency, ease of getting permits, and benefits to the beneficiary without any delay.
However the flip side is that illegal, criminal and anti-national elements have also become rampant. Further, issues relating to the militarization of cyber space have emerged. The intention of many nations has been to gain strategic advantage through the militarization of cyberspace. The use of Stuxnet malware against Iran is a case in point.
India’s infrastructure is susceptible to mainly four types of threats espionage, cybercrime (including thefts, electronic frauds etc.), attacks and full blown cyber war.
According to the National Crime Records Bureau, 9,622 incidents of cybercrime were recorded in 2014. The National Cyber Security Policy of 2013 refers to effective law-enforcement capabilities for investigation and prosecution of cybercrime
The existing international treaty called the Budapest Convention, it focuses only on cybercrime.
India has so far shown reluctance to sign the Budapest convention citing these lapses in the treaty and has firmly pushed for a new inclusive treaty even in for a such as BRICS.
It is in this context that the need for a new treaty to prevent militarization of cyberspace arises. Improved international governance of the internet as well as issues of content regulation and freedom of speech need to be addressed by the new treaty. Since the present Budapest Convention cannot be modified by the non-EU members it would be in the best interests of everyone that all countries get together to address the issues by creating a new international treaty
5.Examine the ongoing turmoil in the Kashmir region. Does it pose a security threat to India. Also give your views and suggestions to address it.
Ongoing turmoil in the Kashmir region witnessed growth in home-grown Islamic militancy and radicalization of the Kashmiri Muslim population. Several reasons have been cited such as the absence of a political dialogue, the lack of economic opportunities, frustration due to high unemployment, excessive militarization of the public space and repeated human rights violations by the security forces. The ongoing Kashmir Valley unrest needs to be correctly understood and appreciated as a national security issue and challenge.
1) INTERNAL SECURITY- The present situation in Kashmir poses a great threat to India’s security. The militant groups are using several means to radicalize the youth as using them to create the turbulence which there by also effecting the life of the innocent people.
2) MISPERCEPTIONS -It not only effect the sole J&K but also portrays the state as a soil of communal riots and terror activities.
3) YOUTH-Most of the youth who has the potential to contribute for the Nation development are radicalized and indulged in all the illegal activities and putting their life in trouble.
4)GEOGRAPHICAL SIGNIFICANCE-Geographically and Historically Kashmir plays an paramount role in India Federation, where India strive since ages and fought wars with neighboring countries to safe guard it.
5)DOMESTIC LIVELIHOOD- Tourism is an one of the prominent livelihood for people of Jammu and Kashmir ,but with the recent attacks on the Amaranth pilgrims transits the people desire to visit traditionally significant temples.
6) GOVERNANCE-Since most of troops are deployed and high level persistent security and ministerial surveillance is needed, So there would be negligence in other areas of interest.
WAYS AND MEANS TO ADDRESS IT
