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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.

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Question 1 of 5

1. Question

Q.1) Match the following tiers of classification under the US Special 301 Report with their descriptions:

List I (Classification)	List II (Description)
A. Priority Foreign Country (PFC)	1. Significant IP concerns requiring close bilateral engagement
B. Priority Watch List (PWL)	2. IP concerns but less severe than higher categories
C. Watch List (WL)	3. Most egregious practices; may trigger Section 301 investigations

Select the correct code:

a) A-3, B-1, C-2
b) A-1, B-3, C-2
c) A-3, B-2, C-1
d) A-2, B-3, C-1

Correct

Q.1) Solution (a)

Explanation:
The USTR’s Special 301 Report classifies US trading partners into three tiers (most severe to least):

Priority Foreign Country (PFC) (A-3): Most egregious practices; may trigger Section 301 investigations and trade sanctions .
Priority Watch List (PWL) (B-1): Significant IP concerns requiring close bilateral engagement .
Watch List (WL) (C-2): IP concerns but less severe than higher categories .

India was placed on the Priority Watch List (2025 and 2026). Vietnam was elevated to Priority Foreign Country for the first time in over a decade . Option (a) correctly maps the classifications. UPSC tests this hierarchy.

Why this question?
Tests the hierarchy of US Special 301 classifications – a static IR and Economy fact.

Why important for UPSC?
IPR and trade dispute mechanisms appear in Economy and IR (Prelims 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).

Incorrect

Q.1) Solution (a)

Explanation:
The USTR’s Special 301 Report classifies US trading partners into three tiers (most severe to least):

Priority Foreign Country (PFC) (A-3): Most egregious practices; may trigger Section 301 investigations and trade sanctions .
Priority Watch List (PWL) (B-1): Significant IP concerns requiring close bilateral engagement .
Watch List (WL) (C-2): IP concerns but less severe than higher categories .

Why this question?
Tests the hierarchy of US Special 301 classifications – a static IR and Economy fact.

Why important for UPSC?
IPR and trade dispute mechanisms appear in Economy and IR (Prelims 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).

Question 2 of 5

2. Question
Q.2) Assertion (A): A tigress and her four cubs died in Kanha Tiger Reserve due to Canine Distemper Virus (CDV), a disease that spreads through infected stray/domestic dogs.
Reason (R): CDV is a highly contagious viral disease that affects dogs and wild carnivores and also transmissible to humans.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
- a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- c) A is true, but R is false.
- d) A is false, but R is true.
Correct

Q.2) Solution (c)

Explanation:
- Assertion (A): In late April 2026, a tigress (T-141) and her four cubs died in the Kanha Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh) within a nine-day span. While forensic analysis is ongoing, the deaths are suspected to be due to a Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) outbreak. The virus is known to be transmitted to wild carnivores like tigers via stray or domestic dogs, especially as they often roam near the park.
- Reason (R): CDV is a highly contagious viral disease affecting dogs and various wild carnivores (lions, tigers). It spreads through direct contact or aerosol. However, the assertion that CDV is commonly “transmissible to humans” is incorrect. While studies have indicated that CDV antibodies have been found in some species of primates and can infect some non-canines, it is well-established that CDV does not infect or cause disease in humans.
Therefore, while the assertion (A) is true (the deaths occurred and are suspected to be caused by CDV), the reason (R) contains a false statement regarding its transmissibility to humans.

UPSC tests this zoonotic distinction.

Why this question?
Tests the non-transmissibility to humans – a key fact about CDV (unlike rabies or some other zoonotic diseases).

Why important for UPSC?
Wildlife diseases and conservation appear in Environment (Prelims 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).
Incorrect

Q.2) Solution (c)

Explanation:
- Assertion (A): In late April 2026, a tigress (T-141) and her four cubs died in the Kanha Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh) within a nine-day span. While forensic analysis is ongoing, the deaths are suspected to be due to a Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) outbreak. The virus is known to be transmitted to wild carnivores like tigers via stray or domestic dogs, especially as they often roam near the park.
- Reason (R): CDV is a highly contagious viral disease affecting dogs and various wild carnivores (lions, tigers). It spreads through direct contact or aerosol. However, the assertion that CDV is commonly “transmissible to humans” is incorrect. While studies have indicated that CDV antibodies have been found in some species of primates and can infect some non-canines, it is well-established that CDV does not infect or cause disease in humans.
Therefore, while the assertion (A) is true (the deaths occurred and are suspected to be caused by CDV), the reason (R) contains a false statement regarding its transmissibility to humans.

UPSC tests this zoonotic distinction.

Why this question?
Tests the non-transmissibility to humans – a key fact about CDV (unlike rabies or some other zoonotic diseases).

Why important for UPSC?
Wildlife diseases and conservation appear in Environment (Prelims 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).
Question 3 of 5

3. Question
Q.3) Consider the following statements regarding the Komagata Maru incident (1914):
1. The ship, also called ‘Guru Nanaka Jahaz’, was chartered by Gurdit Singh from Hong Kong carrying 376 Indian passengers, mostly Sikhs.
2. The Continuous Journey Regulation (1908) of Canada prevented entry because passengers did not come from their country of birth by a continuous journey.
3. After being forced to leave Canada and denied entry at other ports, the ship returned to Kolkata where troops opened fire, killing 20 passengers.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- a)Only one
- b) Only two
- c) All three
- d) None
Correct

Q.3) Solution (c)

Explanation:
All four statements are correct. The Komagata Maru incident is a significant pre-Gandhian revolutionary episode.
- Statement 1: The ship was called Guru Nanaka Jahaz (Japanese steamship), chartered by Gurdit Singh from Hong Kong.
- Statement 2: The Continuous Journey Regulation (1908) targeted ships that would require stopovers.
- Statement 3: After being forced to leave Canada and denied entry at Hong Kong and Singapore, the ship returned to Kolkata (Budge Budge) where troops opened fire on September 1914, killing 20.
The incident intensified calls for Purna Swaraj and galvanised the Ghadar Party (formed 1913 in US). UPSC tests this comprehensive historical knowledge.

Why this question?
Tests the complete details of the Komagata Maru incident – a high-yield Modern History topic.

Why important for UPSC?
Komagata Maru appears in Modern History (Prelims 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2014 Prelims question on Ghadar Party and Komagata Maru.
Incorrect

Q.3) Solution (c)

Explanation:
All four statements are correct. The Komagata Maru incident is a significant pre-Gandhian revolutionary episode.
- Statement 1: The ship was called Guru Nanaka Jahaz (Japanese steamship), chartered by Gurdit Singh from Hong Kong.
- Statement 2: The Continuous Journey Regulation (1908) targeted ships that would require stopovers.
- Statement 3: After being forced to leave Canada and denied entry at Hong Kong and Singapore, the ship returned to Kolkata (Budge Budge) where troops opened fire on September 1914, killing 20.
The incident intensified calls for Purna Swaraj and galvanised the Ghadar Party (formed 1913 in US). UPSC tests this comprehensive historical knowledge.

Why this question?
Tests the complete details of the Komagata Maru incident – a high-yield Modern History topic.

Why important for UPSC?
Komagata Maru appears in Modern History (Prelims 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2014 Prelims question on Ghadar Party and Komagata Maru.
Question 4 of 5

4. Question
Q.4) Consider the following statements regarding early childhood development and policies in India:
1. 85% of brain development occurs by age 6, with the most rapid growth during the first 1,000 days (conception to age 2).
2. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 recognises Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) as a crucial ‘foundational stage’ in the 5+3+3+4 framework.
3. Karnataka’s ‘Koosina Mane’ and the Centre’s ‘Palna Initiative’ are examples of community-based childcare models.
4. POSHAN Pakhwada 2026 focuses on ‘Maximizing Brain Development in the First Six Years of Life’, shifting attention from nutrition alone to nutrition plus early childhood stimulation.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- a) 1, 2 and 3 only
- b) 1, 2 and 4 only
- c)2, 3 and 4 only
- d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Correct

Q.4) Solution (d)

Explanation:
All four statements are correct.
- Statement 1: Neuroscience shows 85% of brain development occurs by age 6; the first 1,000 days are the most rapid growth period.
- Statement 2: NEP 2020’s 5+3+3+4 framework begins with 3 years of preschool/Anganwadi.
- Statement 3: Koosina Mane (Karnataka) – community-based childcare with panchayat leadership; Palna Initiative – strengthens anganwadi-cum-creches for children of working parents.
- Statement 4: 8th POSHAN Pakhwada theme: “Maximizing Brain Development in the First Six Years of Life” – a paradigm shift towards nutrition plus early stimulation.
India still faces high stunting, wasting, anaemia, and learning gaps. UPSC tests this integrated understanding.

Why this question?
Tests the comprehensive framework of early childhood development – a high-level Social Justice and Governance topic.

Why important for UPSC?
Early childhood development appears in Social Justice, Health, and Education (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).
Incorrect

Q.4) Solution (d)

Explanation:
All four statements are correct.
- Statement 1: Neuroscience shows 85% of brain development occurs by age 6; the first 1,000 days are the most rapid growth period.
- Statement 2: NEP 2020’s 5+3+3+4 framework begins with 3 years of preschool/Anganwadi.
- Statement 3: Koosina Mane (Karnataka) – community-based childcare with panchayat leadership; Palna Initiative – strengthens anganwadi-cum-creches for children of working parents.
- Statement 4: 8th POSHAN Pakhwada theme: “Maximizing Brain Development in the First Six Years of Life” – a paradigm shift towards nutrition plus early stimulation.
India still faces high stunting, wasting, anaemia, and learning gaps. UPSC tests this integrated understanding.

Why this question?
Tests the comprehensive framework of early childhood development – a high-level Social Justice and Governance topic.

Why important for UPSC?
Early childhood development appears in Social Justice, Health, and Education (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).
Question 5 of 5

5. Question
Q.5) Prosopis juliflora, the invasive weed being used as feedstock for India’s first green methanol plant in Kandla, was introduced in India by the British in the 1920s and later by the Gujarat forest department in 1961. In which region of Gujarat has it crowded out native grasses over thousands of kilometres?
- a) Little Rann of Kutch
- b) Banni grasslands of Kutch
- c) Gir National Park
- d)Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary
Correct

Q.5) Solution (b)

Explanation:
- Prosopis juliflora (locally known as Gando baval in Kutch, Vilayati keekar in North India) has crowded out native grasses over thousands of kilometres in the Banni grasslands of Kutch, Gujarat.
- It is ranked among the “top 100 invasive species in the world” by IUCN. The Gujarat government wants the species cleared as it is an invasive weed.
- The green methanol plant at Deendayal Port, Kandla will convert this weed into 5 tonnes of green methanol per day.
- Green methanol reduces CO₂ emissions by up to 95% and eliminates sulphur oxides and particulate matter. UPSC tests this specific location (Banni grasslands).
Why this question?
Tests the specific region (Banni grasslands) where Prosopis juliflora is an invasive threat – a static geography and environment fact.

Why important for UPSC?
Invasive species and their impacts appear in Environment and Geography (Prelims 2016, 2019, 2021, 2023).
Incorrect

Q.5) Solution (b)

Explanation:
- Prosopis juliflora (locally known as Gando baval in Kutch, Vilayati keekar in North India) has crowded out native grasses over thousands of kilometres in the Banni grasslands of Kutch, Gujarat.
- It is ranked among the “top 100 invasive species in the world” by IUCN. The Gujarat government wants the species cleared as it is an invasive weed.
- The green methanol plant at Deendayal Port, Kandla will convert this weed into 5 tonnes of green methanol per day.
- Green methanol reduces CO₂ emissions by up to 95% and eliminates sulphur oxides and particulate matter. UPSC tests this specific location (Banni grasslands).
Why this question?
Tests the specific region (Banni grasslands) where Prosopis juliflora is an invasive threat – a static geography and environment fact.

Why important for UPSC?
Invasive species and their impacts appear in Environment and Geography (Prelims 2016, 2019, 2021, 2023).

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