Ethics Theory, GS 4, TLP-UPSC Mains Answer Writing
1. What do you understand by the philosophy of integral humanism? Explain with the help of suitable examples. (10 Marks)
समग्र मानवतावाद के दर्शन से आप क्या समझते हैं? उपयुक्त उदाहरणों की सहायता से स्पष्ट कीजिए।
Approach
Candidates need to write about the philosophy of the integral humanism. And how it’s important in today’s society explain with the suitable examples.
Introduction
Integral Humanism was given by Deen Dayal Upadhyaya. He proposed this concept in order to give independent India an ideological basis on which nation building into One India can be done.
Body
- It means that the human being is at the core position of the social, political and economic model.
- According to Upadhyaya, four ingredients of an individual were the body, mind, intelligence and soul. All of them were integrated.
- These four corresponded to the four universal objectives of dharma (moral duties), artha (wealth), kama (desire or satisfaction), and moksha (total liberation or ‘salvation’).
- An integral understanding of life is, instead, holistic in nature. For example, a medical model of health may be restricted to its biological needs, while an integrated understanding of human life comprises of body, mind, intellect and soul.
- Integral Humanism proposes harmony between man, nature and spirit. For example Integral Ecology takes us back to the age-old wisdom of interdependence with nature. It is reflected in SDG Goal 13 on climate action.
- Integral humanism Encourages brotherhood and discourages enmity among people, nations and sub-national units. For example idea of oneness amongst people of all races, castes, creeds, geographies and gender is fundamental to the interpretation of integral frameworks in the international context.
- For example in democratic government, jan rajya must also be rooted in Dharma, i.e., a ‘Dharma Rajya’. In the definition of democracy of the people, by the people and for the people of as per integral humanism.
Conclusion
Thus, Integral Humanism revolves around the basic themes of harmony, primacy of cultural-national values and discipline. This doctrine of Pandit Upadhyay is quite relevant even in the present political and economic situation of India.
