Indian Polity & Constitution
About the Internet shutdown report:
- The report was published by Access Now, a New York-based advocacy group that tracks internet freedom.
- It claims that India imposed the highest number of internet shutdowns globally in 2022.
- As per the report, this is the fifth consecutive year that the world’s largest democracy of more than 1.3 billion people has topped the list.
Key Highlights of the report:
- Nearly 60% of India’s internet shutdowns last year occurred in Indian-administered Kashmir, where authorities disrupted access due to “political instability and violence.
- Apart from Jammu and Kashmir, authorities in the states of West Bengal and Rajasthan imposed more shutdowns than other Indian regions in response to “protests, communal violence, and exams.
- The disruptions “impacted the daily lives of millions of people for hundreds of hours in 2022.”
- Internationally, the right to access the Internet can be rooted in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights .
About Internet Shutdowns:
- Internet shutdowns are absolute restrictions placed on the use of Internet services due to an order issued by a government body.
- It may be limited to a specific place and to a specific period, time, or a number of days.
- Sometimes it can even extend indefinitely.
About operation blue star:
- It is a code name given to an Indian Military Operation to remove the separatists who were hidden inside the Golden Temple at Amritsar in 1984.
- The operation was ordered by then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, primarily to take control of the Harmandir Sahib Complex in Amritsar (popularly known as the Golden Temple).
- Bhindranwale was seen as a supporter of the creation of Khalistan.
This operation aimed to eliminate Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale from the Golden Temple complex and regain control over Harmandir Sahib.
- The operation had two components to it, Operation Metal which was the invasion of the temple complex, and Operation Shop which was confined to the countryside of the state.
Source: THE INDIAN EXPRESS
Previous Year Questions
Q.1) Consider the following pairs: (2020)
International agreement/ set-up Subject
- Alma-Ata Declaration – Healthcare of the people
- Hague Convention – Biological and Chemical Weapons
- Talanoa Dialogue – Global Climate Change
- Under2 Coalition – Child Rights
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
- 1 and 2 only
- 4 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2,3 and 4 only
Q.2) Which of the following adopted a law on data protection and privacy for its citizens known as ‘General Data Protection Regulation’ in April 2016 and started implementation of its from 25th May, 2018? (2019)
- Australia
- Canada
- The European Union
- The United States of America
