IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements Blue Hole
- Blue holes are water-filled sinkholes, found in coastal regions where the bedrock is made of soluble material.
- They form when water on the surface percolates through the rock, eventually causing the rock to collapse
- Dean’s Blue Hole in the Bahamas is the deepest known underwater sinkhole in the world.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect · Blue holes are water-filled vertical caverns, or sinkholes, found in coastal regions where the bedrock is made of soluble material, such as limestone, marble, or gypsum. · They form when water on the surface percolates through the rock, dissolving minerals and widening cracks, which eventually causes the rock to collapse. · Famous examples include Dean’s Blue Hole in the Bahamas, the Dahab Blue Hole in Egypt, and the Great Blue Hole in Belize.
Taam Ja’ Blue Hole: · It is the deepest known underwater sinkhole in the world.
· It sits in Chetumal Bay off the southeast coast of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico.
· It extends at least 1,380 feet (420 meters) below sea level.
· Spread over an area of 13,660 square meters, the giant, underwater cavern has been named Taam Ja’ which means “deep water” in Mayan.
· The submerged blue hole has a nearly circular shape at its surface with steep sides that form a large conic structure covered by biofilms, sediments, limestone, and gypsum ledges.
Context: Scientists have yet to reach the bottom of the Taam Ja’ Blue Hole in Mexico’s Chetumal Bay, which new measurements hint could be connected to a labyrinth of submarine caves and tunnels.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect · Blue holes are water-filled vertical caverns, or sinkholes, found in coastal regions where the bedrock is made of soluble material, such as limestone, marble, or gypsum. · They form when water on the surface percolates through the rock, dissolving minerals and widening cracks, which eventually causes the rock to collapse. · Famous examples include Dean’s Blue Hole in the Bahamas, the Dahab Blue Hole in Egypt, and the Great Blue Hole in Belize.
Taam Ja’ Blue Hole: · It is the deepest known underwater sinkhole in the world.
· It sits in Chetumal Bay off the southeast coast of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico.
· It extends at least 1,380 feet (420 meters) below sea level.
· Spread over an area of 13,660 square meters, the giant, underwater cavern has been named Taam Ja’ which means “deep water” in Mayan.
· The submerged blue hole has a nearly circular shape at its surface with steep sides that form a large conic structure covered by biofilms, sediments, limestone, and gypsum ledges.
Context: Scientists have yet to reach the bottom of the Taam Ja’ Blue Hole in Mexico’s Chetumal Bay, which new measurements hint could be connected to a labyrinth of submarine caves and tunnels.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following countries
- Eritrea
- Djibouti
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Zambia
- Mozambique
The Great African Rift Valley runs through which of the above mentioned countries?
Correct
Solution (d)
Option b Correct Great Rift Valley: · It is one of the most extensive rifts on Earth’s surface that runs along part of East Africa.
· It runs for 4,000 miles (6,400 kilometers), from Jordan in southwestern Asia to the coast of the Indian Ocean in central Mozambique.
· It runs across many countries: Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Malawi, Zambia, and Mozambique.
· It is part of a larger feature called the East African Rift System (EARS).
Formation:
· The valley is situated in a region where three tectonic plates meet.
· It was formed about 40 million years ago when tectonic plates split and gave rise to the East African Rift.
· The valley is 30 to 40 miles (48 to 64 kilometers) wide on average but reaches nearly 300 miles (480 kilometers) at its widest section in the Danakil Desert in northeastern Africa.
· The area is geologically active and features volcanoes, hot springs, geysers, and frequent earthquakes.
· A series of some thirty lakes lies along its length; the three largest in Africa are known as the Great Lakes and include Lake Tanganyika, the second deepest lake in the world, and Lake Victoria, the second-largest freshwater lake by surface area in the world.
· Many of Africa’s highest mountains—including Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Kenya, and Mount Margherita—are in ranges fronting the Rift Valley.
Context: At least 42 people died when a dam burst its banks near a town in Kenya’s Rift Valley, as heavy rains and floods battered the country.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Option b Correct Great Rift Valley: · It is one of the most extensive rifts on Earth’s surface that runs along part of East Africa.
· It runs for 4,000 miles (6,400 kilometers), from Jordan in southwestern Asia to the coast of the Indian Ocean in central Mozambique.
· It runs across many countries: Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Malawi, Zambia, and Mozambique.
· It is part of a larger feature called the East African Rift System (EARS).
Formation:
· The valley is situated in a region where three tectonic plates meet.
· It was formed about 40 million years ago when tectonic plates split and gave rise to the East African Rift.
· The valley is 30 to 40 miles (48 to 64 kilometers) wide on average but reaches nearly 300 miles (480 kilometers) at its widest section in the Danakil Desert in northeastern Africa.
· The area is geologically active and features volcanoes, hot springs, geysers, and frequent earthquakes.
· A series of some thirty lakes lies along its length; the three largest in Africa are known as the Great Lakes and include Lake Tanganyika, the second deepest lake in the world, and Lake Victoria, the second-largest freshwater lake by surface area in the world.
· Many of Africa’s highest mountains—including Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Kenya, and Mount Margherita—are in ranges fronting the Rift Valley.
Context: At least 42 people died when a dam burst its banks near a town in Kenya’s Rift Valley, as heavy rains and floods battered the country.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements about Global Leaders Group on Antimicrobial Resistance
- It is an intergovernmental forum established in 2020 working together to accelerate political action on antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
- It is provided with the Quadripartite Joint Secretariat on AMR that consolidates the cooperation between FAO, UNEP, WHO and WOAH.
Choose the correct statements:
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct Global Leaders Group on Antimicrobial Resistance: · It consists of world leaders and experts from across sectors working together to accelerate political action on antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
· The group performs an independent global advisory and advocacy role and works to maintain urgency, public support, political momentum and visibility of the AMR challenge on the global health and development agenda.
Background
· The Global Leaders Group on Antimicrobial Resistance was established in November 2020 following the recommendation of the Interagency Coordination Group (IACG) on Antimicrobial Resistance to strengthen global political momentum and leadership on AMR.
· The inaugural meeting of the Group took place in January 2021.
· Secretariat: The Quadripartite Joint Secretariat on AMR (QJS) consolidates cooperation between the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), drawing on their core mandates to support the global response to AMR across the One Health spectrum. This is achieved through global advocacy, technical guidance, political engagement, creation and promotion of a shared vision and goals, and providing Secretariat services for global governance structures. AMR
· It is the ability of bacteria and other microbes to resist the drugs used to inhibit or kill them.
· These microbes are sometimes referred to as ‘superbugs’ and are responsible for causing drug-resistant infections that are difficult to treat.
· Causes of AMR
· AMR is a naturally occurring phenomenon, the main cause of resistance to antimicrobials is antimicrobial drug use.
· Current high usage of antimicrobial drugs in humans, animals and plants is leading to a concerning rise in drug-resistance and making infections harder to treat.
Context: Recently, the European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases and the Global Leaders Group (GLG) on AMR jointly organised a high-level event, ‘Forging partnerships between science and policy’, in Barcelona, Spain.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct Global Leaders Group on Antimicrobial Resistance: · It consists of world leaders and experts from across sectors working together to accelerate political action on antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
· The group performs an independent global advisory and advocacy role and works to maintain urgency, public support, political momentum and visibility of the AMR challenge on the global health and development agenda.
Background
· The Global Leaders Group on Antimicrobial Resistance was established in November 2020 following the recommendation of the Interagency Coordination Group (IACG) on Antimicrobial Resistance to strengthen global political momentum and leadership on AMR.
· The inaugural meeting of the Group took place in January 2021.
· Secretariat: The Quadripartite Joint Secretariat on AMR (QJS) consolidates cooperation between the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), drawing on their core mandates to support the global response to AMR across the One Health spectrum. This is achieved through global advocacy, technical guidance, political engagement, creation and promotion of a shared vision and goals, and providing Secretariat services for global governance structures. AMR
· It is the ability of bacteria and other microbes to resist the drugs used to inhibit or kill them.
· These microbes are sometimes referred to as ‘superbugs’ and are responsible for causing drug-resistant infections that are difficult to treat.
· Causes of AMR
· AMR is a naturally occurring phenomenon, the main cause of resistance to antimicrobials is antimicrobial drug use.
· Current high usage of antimicrobial drugs in humans, animals and plants is leading to a concerning rise in drug-resistance and making infections harder to treat.
Context: Recently, the European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases and the Global Leaders Group (GLG) on AMR jointly organised a high-level event, ‘Forging partnerships between science and policy’, in Barcelona, Spain.
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements about Stand-By Arrangement
- It provides long-term financial assistance by IMF to countries facing balance of payments problems.
- Only low and middle income countries are eligible to obtain such arrangement.
Choose the incorrect statements:
Correct
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Incorrect IMF’s Stand-By Arrangement: · The Stand-by Arrangement (SBA) provides short-term financial assistance to countries facing balance of payments problems.
· Historically, it has been the IMF lending instrument most used by advanced and emerging market countries.
· Duration of the assistance: Flexible. Typically covers a period of 12–24 months, but not more than 36 months.
· Eligibility: All member countries facing actual or potential external financing needs. Most often used by advanced and emerging market countries, but low-income countries sometimes use the SBA together with the Standby Credit Facility (SCF). Conditionality
· Countries’ economic policies must address the problems that led the country to seek funding.
· Disbursements conditional on the observance of quantitative performance criteria.
· Progress in implementing structural measures that are critical to achieving the objectives of the program is assessed in a holistic way, including via benchmarks.
Context: The International Monetary Fund has approved an immediate disbursal of USD 1.1 billion to Pakistan as part of a bailout package supported by the IMF’s Stand-By Arrangement (SBA).
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Incorrect IMF’s Stand-By Arrangement: · The Stand-by Arrangement (SBA) provides short-term financial assistance to countries facing balance of payments problems.
· Historically, it has been the IMF lending instrument most used by advanced and emerging market countries.
· Duration of the assistance: Flexible. Typically covers a period of 12–24 months, but not more than 36 months.
· Eligibility: All member countries facing actual or potential external financing needs. Most often used by advanced and emerging market countries, but low-income countries sometimes use the SBA together with the Standby Credit Facility (SCF). Conditionality
· Countries’ economic policies must address the problems that led the country to seek funding.
· Disbursements conditional on the observance of quantitative performance criteria.
· Progress in implementing structural measures that are critical to achieving the objectives of the program is assessed in a holistic way, including via benchmarks.
Context: The International Monetary Fund has approved an immediate disbursal of USD 1.1 billion to Pakistan as part of a bailout package supported by the IMF’s Stand-By Arrangement (SBA).
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Hinglaj Mata, an ancient cave temple, is located in?
Correct
Solution (d)
Option d Correct · The Hinglaj Yatra in southwestern Pakistan emerges as a poignant intersection of cultural devotion and geopolitical complexities, echoing beyond its religious significance. · Amidst the challenges of pilgrimage logistics and climatic adversities, Hindu devotees flock to seek blessings at the ancient Hinglaj Mata temple.
· The journeys begin hundreds of kilometres (miles) away, mostly from neighbouring Sindh province.
· Hundreds of packed buses set off from cities like Hyderabad and Karachi, travelling along the Makran Coastal Highway that hugs Pakistan’s south and southwest.
· Hinglaj Mata, is an ancient cave temple located in Pakistan.
· Hindus believe Hinglaj Mata is one the places where the remains of Sati, the goddess of marital felicity and longevity, fell to earth after she ended her life.
· It is the most sacred pilgrimage in the Hindu religion.
Context: Hinglaj Yatra, the Pakistan’s largest Hindu festival recently ended successfully with participation of more than 100,000 Hindus.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Option d Correct · The Hinglaj Yatra in southwestern Pakistan emerges as a poignant intersection of cultural devotion and geopolitical complexities, echoing beyond its religious significance. · Amidst the challenges of pilgrimage logistics and climatic adversities, Hindu devotees flock to seek blessings at the ancient Hinglaj Mata temple.
· The journeys begin hundreds of kilometres (miles) away, mostly from neighbouring Sindh province.
· Hundreds of packed buses set off from cities like Hyderabad and Karachi, travelling along the Makran Coastal Highway that hugs Pakistan’s south and southwest.
· Hinglaj Mata, is an ancient cave temple located in Pakistan.
· Hindus believe Hinglaj Mata is one the places where the remains of Sati, the goddess of marital felicity and longevity, fell to earth after she ended her life.
· It is the most sacred pilgrimage in the Hindu religion.
Context: Hinglaj Yatra, the Pakistan’s largest Hindu festival recently ended successfully with participation of more than 100,000 Hindus.
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