IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements about Virus-like Particles (VLPs)
- VLPs are molecules that resemble viruses but lack infectivity.
- VLPs lack viral genetic material in them.
- Introducing a VLP into the body will trigger an immune response, but a person will not experience any symptoms.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct Virus-like Particles (VLPs): · VLPs are molecules that resemble viruses but lack infectivity because of the absence of viral genetic material.
· They are a very effective way of creating vaccines against diseases such as human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B, malaria, and more.
· As they are very similar to real viral molecules, introducing a VLP into the body will trigger an immune response, but a person will not experience any symptoms of the virus they are being vaccinated against.
· Once the body has had an immune response to the VLP, it will recognize the virus and prevent infection in the future, giving people immunity to that particular virus.
Structure:
· VLPs are very small, with a particle radius of approximately 20 to 200 nm. This means that they can easily enter the lymph nodes, where the immune system is activated in the case of an infection.
· A VLP consists of one or more structural proteins that can be arranged in multiple layers.
· Creating a VLP vaccine can use bacterial, yeast, insect, or mammalian cells.
· When used as a vaccine, VLPs cause a robust immunogenic response due to their high-density display of epitopes and the capacity to present multiple proteins to the immune system.
· Most recently, VLPs have been employed as nanomachines to deliver pharmaceutically active products to specific sites and into specific cells in the body.
Context: Scientists at the Institute of Advanced Virology (IAV), Thiruvananthapuram, recently developed a novel way of generating non-infectious Nipah virus-like particles (VLPs) in the laboratory.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct Virus-like Particles (VLPs): · VLPs are molecules that resemble viruses but lack infectivity because of the absence of viral genetic material.
· They are a very effective way of creating vaccines against diseases such as human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B, malaria, and more.
· As they are very similar to real viral molecules, introducing a VLP into the body will trigger an immune response, but a person will not experience any symptoms of the virus they are being vaccinated against.
· Once the body has had an immune response to the VLP, it will recognize the virus and prevent infection in the future, giving people immunity to that particular virus.
Structure:
· VLPs are very small, with a particle radius of approximately 20 to 200 nm. This means that they can easily enter the lymph nodes, where the immune system is activated in the case of an infection.
· A VLP consists of one or more structural proteins that can be arranged in multiple layers.
· Creating a VLP vaccine can use bacterial, yeast, insect, or mammalian cells.
· When used as a vaccine, VLPs cause a robust immunogenic response due to their high-density display of epitopes and the capacity to present multiple proteins to the immune system.
· Most recently, VLPs have been employed as nanomachines to deliver pharmaceutically active products to specific sites and into specific cells in the body.
Context: Scientists at the Institute of Advanced Virology (IAV), Thiruvananthapuram, recently developed a novel way of generating non-infectious Nipah virus-like particles (VLPs) in the laboratory.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements about PLEASE project
- Funded by the World Bank, the project aims to catalyze actions that reduce the flow of plastic pollution into South Asian Seas.
- The South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme (SACEP) is the implementing agency for this project.
- India is not the part of PLEASE project.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect · Plastic Free Rivers and Seas for South Asia (PLEASE) Project · Funded by the World Bank, with the support of the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS), the project development objective of the Plastic Free Rivers and Seas for South Asia (PLEASE) Project is to catalyze actions that reduce the flow of plastic pollution into South Asian Seas.
· South Asia is the second largest contributor to global plastic waste. It generates 334 million metric tons of solid waste every year. Nearly 70 to 80 % of this waste ends up in the ocean- 12 % is plastic.
The project has three components: · Supporting Competitive Block Grant Investments to Reduce Plastic Waste
· Leveraging Public and Private Sector Engagement and Solutions
· Strengthening Regional Integration Institutions.
· The South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme (SACEP) is the implementing agency for this project.
· The project consists of three that will be implemented over a period of five years in all eight countries in South Asia – Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. main components totaling US$40 million Context: A river cleanup campaign that removed 24,575 kg of waste from the Sunkoshi River banks and waste hotspots was recently completed under the PLEASE (Plastic Free Rivers and Seas of South Asia) program.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect · Plastic Free Rivers and Seas for South Asia (PLEASE) Project · Funded by the World Bank, with the support of the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS), the project development objective of the Plastic Free Rivers and Seas for South Asia (PLEASE) Project is to catalyze actions that reduce the flow of plastic pollution into South Asian Seas.
· South Asia is the second largest contributor to global plastic waste. It generates 334 million metric tons of solid waste every year. Nearly 70 to 80 % of this waste ends up in the ocean- 12 % is plastic.
The project has three components: · Supporting Competitive Block Grant Investments to Reduce Plastic Waste
· Leveraging Public and Private Sector Engagement and Solutions
· Strengthening Regional Integration Institutions.
· The South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme (SACEP) is the implementing agency for this project.
· The project consists of three that will be implemented over a period of five years in all eight countries in South Asia – Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. main components totaling US$40 million Context: A river cleanup campaign that removed 24,575 kg of waste from the Sunkoshi River banks and waste hotspots was recently completed under the PLEASE (Plastic Free Rivers and Seas of South Asia) program.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements about Mullaperiyar Dam
- It was constructed during the Pre-Independence era of India.
- It is located in the Idukki district of Kerala and owned and operated by the State of Tamil Nadu.
Choose the incorrect statements:
Correct
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct · The Mullaperiyar Dam was constructed between 1887-1895 under a 999-year lease agreement between the Maharaja of Travancore and the Secretary of State for India for Periyar irrigation works. · In 1979, reports emerged about damage to the Periyar Dam, leading to measures for strengthening the dam and limiting the water level.
· Tamil Nadu maintains that the existing 128-year-old dam. · In 1979, reports emerged about damage to the Periyar Dam, leading to measures for strengthening the dam and limiting the water level.
· It became a legal dispute, with Kerala passing an act in 2006 prohibiting raising the water level beyond 136 ft, while Tamil Nadu wanted to raise it to 142 ft after strengthening measures.
· The Supreme Court intervened and constituted an Empowered Committee in 2010 to study the dam’s safety.
· The Committee concluded in 2012 that the dam is hydrologically safe.
Context: Kerala has been seeking a new Terms of Reference from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to conduct an Environment Impact Assessment for constructing a new dam at Mullaperiyar.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct · The Mullaperiyar Dam was constructed between 1887-1895 under a 999-year lease agreement between the Maharaja of Travancore and the Secretary of State for India for Periyar irrigation works. · In 1979, reports emerged about damage to the Periyar Dam, leading to measures for strengthening the dam and limiting the water level.
· Tamil Nadu maintains that the existing 128-year-old dam. · In 1979, reports emerged about damage to the Periyar Dam, leading to measures for strengthening the dam and limiting the water level.
· It became a legal dispute, with Kerala passing an act in 2006 prohibiting raising the water level beyond 136 ft, while Tamil Nadu wanted to raise it to 142 ft after strengthening measures.
· The Supreme Court intervened and constituted an Empowered Committee in 2010 to study the dam’s safety.
· The Committee concluded in 2012 that the dam is hydrologically safe.
Context: Kerala has been seeking a new Terms of Reference from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to conduct an Environment Impact Assessment for constructing a new dam at Mullaperiyar.
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements
- Tobacco cultivation in India was introduced by the French in 1605.
- Gujarat is the largest producer of tobacco in India.
Choose the correct statements:
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct About tobacco cultivation: · Tobacco cultivation in India was introduced by the Portuguese in 1605.
· Climate and soil:
· Tobacco is grown when the mean temperature is 20° to 27°C.
· When grown as a rainfed crop, it requires at least about 500 mm of well distributed rainfall during crop growing season.
· It is not usually grown where rainfall exceeds 1200 mm during the season.
Area and production: · In India tobacco is predominantly cultivated in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, UP and Bihar. Gujarat accounts for 45 per cent of the area (0.13 M ha) and 30 percent of production (0.16 M t). Productivity is also highest (1700 kg ha-1) in Gujarat followed by AP.
Types of tobacco:
· Anand area of Gujarat grows wholly bidi tobacco. Nipani area of Karnataka grows bidi tobacco. North Bihar and Bengal area has both tabacum and rustica types used in the manufacture of hookah and to a limited extent chewing and snuff types. Madurai and Coimbatore area of Tamil Nadu grow cigars, filter, binder and chewing tobacco.
Context: Recently, The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (GoI), organized an event today to observe World No Tobacco Day 2024.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct About tobacco cultivation: · Tobacco cultivation in India was introduced by the Portuguese in 1605.
· Climate and soil:
· Tobacco is grown when the mean temperature is 20° to 27°C.
· When grown as a rainfed crop, it requires at least about 500 mm of well distributed rainfall during crop growing season.
· It is not usually grown where rainfall exceeds 1200 mm during the season.
Area and production: · In India tobacco is predominantly cultivated in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, UP and Bihar. Gujarat accounts for 45 per cent of the area (0.13 M ha) and 30 percent of production (0.16 M t). Productivity is also highest (1700 kg ha-1) in Gujarat followed by AP.
Types of tobacco:
· Anand area of Gujarat grows wholly bidi tobacco. Nipani area of Karnataka grows bidi tobacco. North Bihar and Bengal area has both tabacum and rustica types used in the manufacture of hookah and to a limited extent chewing and snuff types. Madurai and Coimbatore area of Tamil Nadu grow cigars, filter, binder and chewing tobacco.
Context: Recently, The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (GoI), organized an event today to observe World No Tobacco Day 2024.
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Chollima-1, sometimes seen in the news recently, is a carrier rocket of?
Correct
Solution (b)
Option b Correct · In this mission the North Korea have tried a new “liquid oxygen and petroleum engine” with the rocket which failed during its first stage. · This rocket is different from the Chollima-1, which is used in previous successful launches by the North Korea.
· The Chollima-1 uses hypergolic fuels that ignite on contact and are typically used in North Korea’s nuclear missiles, which do not use liquid oxygen due to storage temperature challenges.
· The new engine type may indicate Russian assistance, as Russia has previously vowed to help North Korea’s satellite programme.
· Liquid oxygen engines, like those developed by Russia, require specialised storage and handling due to extremely low boiling points.
Context: Recently a North Korea’s military satellite launch has failed and rocket exploded in Yellow Sea.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Option b Correct · In this mission the North Korea have tried a new “liquid oxygen and petroleum engine” with the rocket which failed during its first stage. · This rocket is different from the Chollima-1, which is used in previous successful launches by the North Korea.
· The Chollima-1 uses hypergolic fuels that ignite on contact and are typically used in North Korea’s nuclear missiles, which do not use liquid oxygen due to storage temperature challenges.
· The new engine type may indicate Russian assistance, as Russia has previously vowed to help North Korea’s satellite programme.
· Liquid oxygen engines, like those developed by Russia, require specialised storage and handling due to extremely low boiling points.
Context: Recently a North Korea’s military satellite launch has failed and rocket exploded in Yellow Sea.
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