Ethics Theory, TLP-UPSC Mains Answer Writing
Q. 3. What is the Integrated Theatre Command (ITC) system? Critically evaluate its need and challenges in the Indian context. (150 words, 10 marks)
Introduction
Recommended by the Shekatkar Committee, the Integrated Theatre Command (ITC) aims to integrate the Army, Navy, and Air Force under a unified command structure for better synergy in planning and execution of operations.
Body
Need for ITC in the Indian Context
- Operational Efficiency: Helps in joint planning and resource optimization, especially crucial in a two-front war scenario.
- Cost-effectiveness: Avoids duplication of assets across services, ensuring optimal use of budget and resources.
- Quicker Decision-making: A unified command facilitates faster response to emerging threats.
- Global Practice: Countries like the USA and China have adopted integrated commands, showcasing its strategic relevance.
Challenges in Implementation
- Inter-service Rivalry: Lack of consensus among services regarding structure and command hierarchy.
- Theatre Demarcation: Geographical and functional boundaries for theatres remain contentious.
- Human Resource Integration: Aligning training, culture, and promotional pathways is a complex task.
- Lack of Doctrine: Absence of a comprehensive joint doctrine for integrated operations.
Way Forward
- Clear Legislative Mandate: Define the roles and responsibilities of ITC through proper legislative backing.
- Capacity Building: Invest in joint training and shared infrastructure to facilitate integration.
- Consensus Building: Encourage dialogue among services to resolve disagreements.
- Phased Implementation: Start with pilot commands and scale gradually based on learnings.
Conclusion
With 2025 declared the “Year of Reforms,” empowering the CDS to issue joint orders marks a pivotal step toward integration and strengthens India’s path to establishing functional Integrated Theatre Commands (ITCs).
