IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements about Baobab Tree
- It is a long-lived deciduous tree with broad trunks and compact tops.
- Of the 9 species of baobab tree two are native to mainland India.
- Mandu is the only place in India where baobab trees are found in abundance.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Correct · It is a long-lived deciduous, small to large tree with broad trunks and compact tops which is also known as the upside-down tree. Features:
· It can live to become thousands of years old.
· They only have very faint growth rings. Mature trees have massive trunks that are bottle-shaped or cylindrical and tapered from bottom to top.
· The fruit of the tree is round or oval-shaped and is highly nutritious.
· It is also known as ‘Tree of Life’
Distribution: · There are 9 species of baobab tree. Two are native to mainland Africa, six to Madagascar, and one to Australia.
Ecological significance
· Baobabs are keystone species in Madagascar’s unique landscapes.
· Their massive trunks and extensive root systems are vital for storing water in arid environments, providing a critical resource for both the trees and the surrounding ecosystem during drought periods.
· Mandu, in the Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, is perhaps the only place in India where baobab trees are found in abundance. Context: In a groundbreaking conservation endeavour, the Global Society for the Preservation of Baobabs and Mangroves (GSPBM) has initiated a mission to rejuvenate the iconic baobab trees in Madagascar.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Correct · It is a long-lived deciduous, small to large tree with broad trunks and compact tops which is also known as the upside-down tree. Features:
· It can live to become thousands of years old.
· They only have very faint growth rings. Mature trees have massive trunks that are bottle-shaped or cylindrical and tapered from bottom to top.
· The fruit of the tree is round or oval-shaped and is highly nutritious.
· It is also known as ‘Tree of Life’
Distribution: · There are 9 species of baobab tree. Two are native to mainland Africa, six to Madagascar, and one to Australia.
Ecological significance
· Baobabs are keystone species in Madagascar’s unique landscapes.
· Their massive trunks and extensive root systems are vital for storing water in arid environments, providing a critical resource for both the trees and the surrounding ecosystem during drought periods.
· Mandu, in the Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, is perhaps the only place in India where baobab trees are found in abundance. Context: In a groundbreaking conservation endeavour, the Global Society for the Preservation of Baobabs and Mangroves (GSPBM) has initiated a mission to rejuvenate the iconic baobab trees in Madagascar.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements about Curative Petition
- The concept of curative petition originated from the case of Rupa Ashok Hurra Vs. Ashok Hurra (2002).
- It can be entertained if the petitioner establishes there was a violation of the principles of natural justice.
- It is first circulated to a bench of the three senior-most judges and the judges who passed the concerned judgment.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct · It is the final and last option for the people to acquire justice as mentioned and promised by the Constitution of India. · It is a way to ask the court to review and revise their own decision, and it is filed after a review petition is dismissed or used.
· The concept of curative petition originated from the case of Rupa Ashok Hurra Vs. Ashok Hurra and another case (2002) where the following question arose before the court of law: ‘whether an aggrieved person is entitled to any relief against the final judgment/order of the Supreme Court, after the dismissal of a review petition?’
· In this case, a five-judge constitution bench of the Supreme Court unanimously held that in order to rectify gross miscarriage of justice, the court will allow the curative petition filed by the victim.
· These petitions can be entertained if the petitioner establishes there was a violation of the principles of natural justice, and that he was not heard by the court before passing an order. · It will also be admitted where a judge failed to disclose facts that raise the apprehension of bias.
· A curative petition must first be circulated to a bench of the three senior-most judges and the judges who passed the concerned judgment, if available. · Only when a majority of the judges conclude that the matter needs hearing should it be listed, as far as possible, before the same bench.
· A curative petition is usually decided by judges in chamber, unless a specific request for an open-court hearing is allowed.
· It shall be open to the Bench at any stage of consideration of the curative petition to ask a senior counsel to assist it as amicus curiae.
Context: Recently, the Supreme Court has invoked curative writ petition in reviving the 2019 Delhi High Court judgment that partially set aside the Delhi Metro arbitration award, is a sparingly used judicial innovation to correct a “grave miscarriage of justice”.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct · It is the final and last option for the people to acquire justice as mentioned and promised by the Constitution of India. · It is a way to ask the court to review and revise their own decision, and it is filed after a review petition is dismissed or used.
· The concept of curative petition originated from the case of Rupa Ashok Hurra Vs. Ashok Hurra and another case (2002) where the following question arose before the court of law: ‘whether an aggrieved person is entitled to any relief against the final judgment/order of the Supreme Court, after the dismissal of a review petition?’
· In this case, a five-judge constitution bench of the Supreme Court unanimously held that in order to rectify gross miscarriage of justice, the court will allow the curative petition filed by the victim.
· These petitions can be entertained if the petitioner establishes there was a violation of the principles of natural justice, and that he was not heard by the court before passing an order. · It will also be admitted where a judge failed to disclose facts that raise the apprehension of bias.
· A curative petition must first be circulated to a bench of the three senior-most judges and the judges who passed the concerned judgment, if available. · Only when a majority of the judges conclude that the matter needs hearing should it be listed, as far as possible, before the same bench.
· A curative petition is usually decided by judges in chamber, unless a specific request for an open-court hearing is allowed.
· It shall be open to the Bench at any stage of consideration of the curative petition to ask a senior counsel to assist it as amicus curiae.
Context: Recently, the Supreme Court has invoked curative writ petition in reviving the 2019 Delhi High Court judgment that partially set aside the Delhi Metro arbitration award, is a sparingly used judicial innovation to correct a “grave miscarriage of justice”.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following Species in India
- Red-bellied piranha
- Alligator gar
- Giant salvinia
- Black Mimosa
How many of the above mentioned species is/are Invasive Alien Species in India?
Correct
Solution (d)
Option d Correct · The list of invasive wildlife in India is dominated by certain species of fish such as the African catfish, Nile tilapia, red-bellied piranha, and alligator gar, and turtle species such as the red-eared slider. Examples of Invasive Alien Species in India
· Lantana (Lantana Camara), Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes), Prosopis juliflora (Vilayati Keekar), Needle Bush, Black Wattle, Goat Weed, Prickly Poppy, Touch-Me-Not Plant or Sleeping Grass, Black Mimosa.
Invasive Alien Species:
· These are the species whose introduction and/or spread outside their natural past or present distribution threatens biological diversity.
· These include animals, plants, fungi, and even microorganisms, and can influence all kinds of ecosystems.
· Invasive species act as disruptors in the food chain and disturb the balance of the ecosystem. In habitats where there is no competition, invasive species can dominate the entire ecosystem.
· Characteristics: Common characteristics of IAS include rapid reproduction and growth, high dispersal ability, phenotypic plasticity (ability to adapt physiologically to new conditions), and ability to survive on various food types and in a wide range of environmental conditions.
Context: In a bid to manage the teeming population of invasive chital (spotted deer) in Ross Island the Andaman and Nicobar Islands administration recently sought help from the Wildlife Institute of India.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Option d Correct · The list of invasive wildlife in India is dominated by certain species of fish such as the African catfish, Nile tilapia, red-bellied piranha, and alligator gar, and turtle species such as the red-eared slider. Examples of Invasive Alien Species in India
· Lantana (Lantana Camara), Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes), Prosopis juliflora (Vilayati Keekar), Needle Bush, Black Wattle, Goat Weed, Prickly Poppy, Touch-Me-Not Plant or Sleeping Grass, Black Mimosa.
Invasive Alien Species:
· These are the species whose introduction and/or spread outside their natural past or present distribution threatens biological diversity.
· These include animals, plants, fungi, and even microorganisms, and can influence all kinds of ecosystems.
· Invasive species act as disruptors in the food chain and disturb the balance of the ecosystem. In habitats where there is no competition, invasive species can dominate the entire ecosystem.
· Characteristics: Common characteristics of IAS include rapid reproduction and growth, high dispersal ability, phenotypic plasticity (ability to adapt physiologically to new conditions), and ability to survive on various food types and in a wide range of environmental conditions.
Context: In a bid to manage the teeming population of invasive chital (spotted deer) in Ross Island the Andaman and Nicobar Islands administration recently sought help from the Wildlife Institute of India.
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Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements about National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF)
- It is India’s first-ever sovereign wealth fund (SWF), which was set up in 2015.
- NIIF is 49% owned by the Indian government and is dependent on GoI on its investment decisions.
Choose the incorrect statement:
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect · NIIF is a fund manager that invests in infrastructure and related sectors in India. · It is India’s first-ever sovereign wealth fund (SWF), which was set up in 2015.
· An institution anchored by the Government of India, NIIF is a collaborative investment platform for international and Indian investors with a mandate to invest equity capital in domestic infrastructure.
· NIIF invests across asset classes such as infrastructure, private equity, and other diversified sectors in India, with the objective of generating attractive risk-adjusted returns for its investors.
· It invests in greenfield (new), brownfield (existing), and stalled projects.
· NIIF is 49% owned by the Indian government and has more than $4.9 billion in assets under management, making it the country’s biggest infrastructure fund. · NIIF benefits from its association with the Government yet is independent in its investment decisions.
· It is majority-owned by institutional investors and managed professionally by a team with experience in investments and infrastructure.
· The funds are registered as Alternative Investment Fund (AIF)with the Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and are currently raising capital from domestic and international institutional investors.
Context: The NIIF has invested $200 million in iBUS Network and Infrastructure Pvt Ltd., a connectivity technology firm, to support the growth of India’s digital infrastructure.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect · NIIF is a fund manager that invests in infrastructure and related sectors in India. · It is India’s first-ever sovereign wealth fund (SWF), which was set up in 2015.
· An institution anchored by the Government of India, NIIF is a collaborative investment platform for international and Indian investors with a mandate to invest equity capital in domestic infrastructure.
· NIIF invests across asset classes such as infrastructure, private equity, and other diversified sectors in India, with the objective of generating attractive risk-adjusted returns for its investors.
· It invests in greenfield (new), brownfield (existing), and stalled projects.
· NIIF is 49% owned by the Indian government and has more than $4.9 billion in assets under management, making it the country’s biggest infrastructure fund. · NIIF benefits from its association with the Government yet is independent in its investment decisions.
· It is majority-owned by institutional investors and managed professionally by a team with experience in investments and infrastructure.
· The funds are registered as Alternative Investment Fund (AIF)with the Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and are currently raising capital from domestic and international institutional investors.
Context: The NIIF has invested $200 million in iBUS Network and Infrastructure Pvt Ltd., a connectivity technology firm, to support the growth of India’s digital infrastructure.
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Which of the following reports are published by International Monetary Fund
- World Economic Outlook
- Global Financial Stability Report
- Fiscal Monitor Report
Choose the correct code:
Correct
Solution (d)
Option d Correct Fiscal Monitor Report: · It provides an overview of latest public finance developments, updates the medium-term fiscal outlook, and assesses fiscal implications of policies relevant to the global economy.
· It is prepared twice a year by the IMF’s Fiscal Affairs Department.
· Its projections are based on the same database used for the World Economic Outlook (WEO) and the Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR).
· The fiscal projections for individual countries have been prepared by IMF desk economists, and, in line with the WEO guidelines.
· All three reports are published by IMF.
Context: Recently, in its Fiscal Monitor the International Monetary Fund said industrial policy initiatives pursued by the United States, Europe and other countries to steer innovation in certain sectors were no panacea to boost economic growth.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Option d Correct Fiscal Monitor Report: · It provides an overview of latest public finance developments, updates the medium-term fiscal outlook, and assesses fiscal implications of policies relevant to the global economy.
· It is prepared twice a year by the IMF’s Fiscal Affairs Department.
· Its projections are based on the same database used for the World Economic Outlook (WEO) and the Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR).
· The fiscal projections for individual countries have been prepared by IMF desk economists, and, in line with the WEO guidelines.
· All three reports are published by IMF.
Context: Recently, in its Fiscal Monitor the International Monetary Fund said industrial policy initiatives pursued by the United States, Europe and other countries to steer innovation in certain sectors were no panacea to boost economic growth.
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