UPSC Quiz – 2024 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 17th April 2024

·       Kerogens are described as Type I, consisting of mainly algal and amorphous (but presumably algal) kerogen and highly likely to generate oil; Type II, mixed terrestrial and marine source material that can generate waxy oil; and Type III,woody terrestrial source material that typically generates gas.

·       The types of kerogens present in a rock largely control the type of hydrocarbons generated in that rock.

·       It occurs in source rock and may expel hydrocarbons upon thermal cracking.

·       Typical organic constituents of kerogen are algae and woody plant material.

·       It consists of lighter as well as heavier hydrocarbons and acts like a precursor of oil and natural gas.

·       Kerogens have a high molecular weight relative to bitumen, or soluble organic matter. Bitumen forms from kerogen during petroleum generation.

·       It is the world’s largest man-made lake and reservoir by volume.

·       The lake was filled following the completion of the Kariba Dam wall at its northeastern end, flooding the Kariba Gorge on the Zambezi River.

·       It provides considerable electric power to both Zambia and Zimbabwe and supports a thriving commercial fishing industry.

·       It is roughly estimated to be about 280 km long and 40 km at its widest. It covers an area of nearly 6,000 square kilometres.

·       The Kariba Dam consists of a double-arch wall. It is 128 meters in height, 617 meters in length, 13 meters wide at its top, and 24 meters wide at the base

·       The wall extends across the Kariba gorge, creating a border crossing between Zambia and Zimbabwe.

·       It took up to three years for the dam wall to be completed. Construction began on the 6th November, 1956, and was finished in 1959.

·       It is an annual joint military exercise between the Indian Army and the Uzbekistan Army.

·       It is conducted alternately in India and Uzbekistan.

·       The first edition of the exercise was held in Uzbekistan in November 2019.

·       The last edition was conducted in Pithoragarh in February 2023.

Dustlik-2024:

·       It is the fifth edition of the joint exercise.

·       The exercise will be conducted at Termez in Uzbekistan.

·       The Indian Armed Forces contingent, comprising 60 personnel, is being represented by 45 personnel from the Indian Army, primarily from a battalion of the JAT Regiment, and 15 personnel from the Indian Air Force.

·       The aim of Exercise DUSTLIK is to foster military cooperation and enhance combined capabilities to execute joint operations in mountainous as well as semi urban terrain.

·       Advisory body- It is an advisory body within the framework of the United Nations System that reports to the UN’s Economic and Social Council

·       Members- It is composed of 16 independent experts, functioning in their personal capacity.

·       Tenure- Appointed for 3-year terms. At the end of their term, they can be re-elected or re-appointed for one additional term.

·       Sessions- The first meeting of the Permanent Forum was held in 2002, with yearly sessions thereafter.

·       2024 theme- “Enhancing Indigenous Peoples’ right to self-determination in the context of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: emphasizing the voices of Indigenous youth”.

·       Indigenous Territories- It covers 22% of land and home to 80% of remaining biodiversity, these areas are vital but receive less than 1% of climate finance.

·       Amazon protection- The “Amazonia for Life: Protect 80% by 2025” initiative urges for rapid action to prevent ecological tipping points in the Amazon.

·       Target 3 of this framework proposes that 30 per cent of land and water on the earth is protected by 2030.

·       He was India’s first Law Minister and was Chairman of the Drafting Committee for the new Constitution.

·       Mahad satyagraha- He led the Mahad Satyagraha in March 1927 against Hindus who were opposing the decision of the Municipal Board to throw open the tank to all communities.

·       Kalaram temple movement- It was organised by Ambedkar in 1930 outside the Kalaram Temple in Nasik, Maharashtra, in order to allow lower caste people or untouchables to enter the temple

·       Poona pact- In 1932 Dr. Ambedkar signed the Poona pact with Mahatma Gandhi, which abandoned the idea of separate electorates for the depressed classes (Communal Award).

·       Central bank – Reserve Bank of India was formed on the concept presented by Babasaheb to the Hilton Young Commission.

·       Father of Indian Constitution- He is the chairperson of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution, his pivotal role in drafting and shaping the Constitution serves as the foundational law for India

·       Bodhisattva- He was conferred with the title of “Bodhisattva” by the Buddhist monks at “Jagatik Buddhism Council” in 1954 in Kathmandu, Nepal.

·       Organisations – Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha (1923), Independent Labor Party (1936), Scheduled Castes Federation (1942).

·       Books – Annihilation of Caste, Buddha or Karl Marx, The Untouchable: Who are They and Why They Have Become Untouchables, Buddha and His Dhamma, The Rise and Fall of Hindu Women, Who were Shudras?, Thoughts on Linguistic States, Waiting for a Visa (Autibiography).

·       Journals – Mooknayak (1920), Bahishkrit Bharat (1927), Samatha (1929), Janata (1930)

·       December 6, 1956- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s death anniversary is observed as Mahaparinirvan Diwas across the country.