IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements about Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA)
- It is an intergovernmental organization with an aim to transition away from linear economy towards circular system.
- It works on four primary points of intervention that is incineration, zero waste, plastic, and climate.
Choose the incorrect statements:
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct · GAIA is a worldwide alliance of more than 1,000 grassroots groups, non-governmental organizations, and individuals in over 90 countries. · GAIA aims to power a transition away from our current linear and extractive economy and towards a circular system that supports people’s right to a safe and healthy environment.
· GAIA envisions a just, zero-waste world built on respect for ecological limits and community rights, where people are free from the burden of toxic pollution and resources are sustainably conserved, not burned or dumped.
· This entails fighting pollution and building regenerative solutions in cities through local campaigns, shifts in policy and finance, research and communication initiatives, and movement building. · They work on four primary points of intervention: incineration, zero waste, plastic, and climate.
Context: The Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA) Asia Pacific, in collaboration with other environmental organisations, has called on the ASEAN to take decisive action in response to plastic pollution.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct · GAIA is a worldwide alliance of more than 1,000 grassroots groups, non-governmental organizations, and individuals in over 90 countries. · GAIA aims to power a transition away from our current linear and extractive economy and towards a circular system that supports people’s right to a safe and healthy environment.
· GAIA envisions a just, zero-waste world built on respect for ecological limits and community rights, where people are free from the burden of toxic pollution and resources are sustainably conserved, not burned or dumped.
· This entails fighting pollution and building regenerative solutions in cities through local campaigns, shifts in policy and finance, research and communication initiatives, and movement building. · They work on four primary points of intervention: incineration, zero waste, plastic, and climate.
Context: The Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA) Asia Pacific, in collaboration with other environmental organisations, has called on the ASEAN to take decisive action in response to plastic pollution.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements about DURGA-2 system
- It damages its target using focused energy by means of lasers, microwaves or particle beams.
- Their beams are not affected by the constraining effects of gravity or atmospheric drag.
- They transmit lethal beams at the speed of sound.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect · The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is reported to be testing a prototype of its DURGA-2 (Directionally Unrestricted Ray Gun Array) system. DURGA-2
· It damages or destroys its target using focused energy by means of lasers, microwaves or particle beams.
· Other countries which have this system: Russia, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Israel, and China.
· Their beams are not affected by the constraining effects of gravity or atmospheric drag. · They are extremely precise.
· Their effects can be tailored by varying the type and intensity of energy delivered against targets.
· They transmit lethal force at the speed of light (about 300,000 kilometers per second). Significance
· The aerospace industry can transform the way wars will be fought.
· This will enable us to produce cutting edge platforms, weapons, sensors, and networks essential to fight and win a future war.
Context: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is reported to be testing a prototype of its DURGA-2 (Directionally Unrestricted Ray Gun Array) system.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect · The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is reported to be testing a prototype of its DURGA-2 (Directionally Unrestricted Ray Gun Array) system. DURGA-2
· It damages or destroys its target using focused energy by means of lasers, microwaves or particle beams.
· Other countries which have this system: Russia, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Israel, and China.
· Their beams are not affected by the constraining effects of gravity or atmospheric drag. · They are extremely precise.
· Their effects can be tailored by varying the type and intensity of energy delivered against targets.
· They transmit lethal force at the speed of light (about 300,000 kilometers per second). Significance
· The aerospace industry can transform the way wars will be fought.
· This will enable us to produce cutting edge platforms, weapons, sensors, and networks essential to fight and win a future war.
Context: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is reported to be testing a prototype of its DURGA-2 (Directionally Unrestricted Ray Gun Array) system.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements
- The Global Positioning System functions by sending signals from satellites to GPS receivers on Earth.
- These receivers then calculate their position based on the time it takes for these signals to arrive.
- GPS Spoofing refers to the practice of manipulating or tricking a GPS receiver by broadcasting false GPS signals.
Correct
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct · GPS spoofing exploits the inherent vulnerabilities in the GPS infrastructure – the weak signal strength of GPS satellites. · The Global Positioning System functions by sending signals from satellites to GPS receivers on Earth.
· These receivers then calculate their position based on the time it takes for these signals to arrive. However, due to the weak signal strength of the GPS satellites, these signals can be easily overwhelmed by fake signals, resulting in inaccurate location data on the receiving device. GPS Spoofing · It is also known as GPS simulation, refers to the practice of manipulating or tricking a GPS receiver by broadcasting false GPS signals.
· It misleads the GPS receiver into believing it is located somewhere it is not, resulting in the device providing inaccurate location data.
· This form of cyberattack undermines the reliability of GPS data, which is vital for a variety of applications.
Impacts
· It can have potentially catastrophic effects, particularly where navigation is concerned.
· It has the potential to affect various industries extensively, including logistics and supply chain, telecommunications, energy, and defense.
Context: Israel reportedly used GPS spoofing against Iran’s missile targeting teams by jamming Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation signals.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct · GPS spoofing exploits the inherent vulnerabilities in the GPS infrastructure – the weak signal strength of GPS satellites. · The Global Positioning System functions by sending signals from satellites to GPS receivers on Earth.
· These receivers then calculate their position based on the time it takes for these signals to arrive. However, due to the weak signal strength of the GPS satellites, these signals can be easily overwhelmed by fake signals, resulting in inaccurate location data on the receiving device. GPS Spoofing · It is also known as GPS simulation, refers to the practice of manipulating or tricking a GPS receiver by broadcasting false GPS signals.
· It misleads the GPS receiver into believing it is located somewhere it is not, resulting in the device providing inaccurate location data.
· This form of cyberattack undermines the reliability of GPS data, which is vital for a variety of applications.
Impacts
· It can have potentially catastrophic effects, particularly where navigation is concerned.
· It has the potential to affect various industries extensively, including logistics and supply chain, telecommunications, energy, and defense.
Context: Israel reportedly used GPS spoofing against Iran’s missile targeting teams by jamming Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation signals.
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements about Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF)
- Fixed assets are intangible assets produced as outputs from production processes that are used repeatedly for more than one year.
- Overall GFCF does not include capital formation as a result of investment by the government.
Choose the correct statements:
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect · GFCF refers to the growth in the size of fixed capital in an economy. · Fixed assets/capital are tangible or intangible assets produced as outputs from production processes that are used repeatedly, or continuously, for more than one year.
· GFCF consists of resident producers’ investments, deducting disposals, in fixed assets during a given period.
· It also includes certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realized by producers or institutional units.
· GFCF matters because fixed capital, by helping workers produce a greater amount of goods and services each year, helps to boost economic growth and improve living standards.
· Private GFCF can serve as a rough indicator of how much the private sector in an economy is willing to invest. · Overall GFCF also includes capital formation as a result of investment by the government.
· In other words, fixed capital is what largely determines the overall output of an economy and, hence, what consumers can actually purchase in the market.
· Developed economies such as the U.S. possess more fixed capitalper capita than developing economies such as India.
· Statistics:
· GFCF in the Indian economy increased significantly from INR 32.78 lakh crore in 2014-15 to INR 54.35 lakh crore in 2022-2023.
· This surge in capital formation reflects substantial investments in infrastructure, industry, and public goods.
Context: The failure of private investment, as measured by private Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) as a percentage of GDP at current prices, to pick up pace has been one of the major issues plaguing the Indian economy.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect · GFCF refers to the growth in the size of fixed capital in an economy. · Fixed assets/capital are tangible or intangible assets produced as outputs from production processes that are used repeatedly, or continuously, for more than one year.
· GFCF consists of resident producers’ investments, deducting disposals, in fixed assets during a given period.
· It also includes certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realized by producers or institutional units.
· GFCF matters because fixed capital, by helping workers produce a greater amount of goods and services each year, helps to boost economic growth and improve living standards.
· Private GFCF can serve as a rough indicator of how much the private sector in an economy is willing to invest. · Overall GFCF also includes capital formation as a result of investment by the government.
· In other words, fixed capital is what largely determines the overall output of an economy and, hence, what consumers can actually purchase in the market.
· Developed economies such as the U.S. possess more fixed capitalper capita than developing economies such as India.
· Statistics:
· GFCF in the Indian economy increased significantly from INR 32.78 lakh crore in 2014-15 to INR 54.35 lakh crore in 2022-2023.
· This surge in capital formation reflects substantial investments in infrastructure, industry, and public goods.
Context: The failure of private investment, as measured by private Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) as a percentage of GDP at current prices, to pick up pace has been one of the major issues plaguing the Indian economy.
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Mount Ruang, initiated its eruption recently, propelling an ash cloud upwards of a mile into the sky. Mount Ruang is located in?
Correct
Solution (a)
Option a Correct Mount Ruang · It is a stratovolcano located in Indonesia’s North Sulawesi province.
· It is a 725-meter (2,400-foot) volcano.
· The summit of Ruang stands 10,932 feet above sea level, with a caldera that is about two miles wide.
Stratovolcano
· It is a tall, steep, and cone-shaped type of volcano.
· Unlike flat shield volcanoes, they have higher peaks.
· They are typically found above subduction zones, and they are often part of large volcanically active regions, such as the Ring of Fire that frames much of the Pacific Ocean.
· Strato Volcanoes comprise the largest percentage (~60%) of the Earth’s individual volcanoes, and most are characterized by eruptions of andesite and dacite, lavas that are cooler and more viscous than basalt.
· These more viscous lavas allow gas pressures to build up to high levels. Therefore, these volcanoes often suffer explosive eruptions.
· They are usually about half-half lava and pyroclastic material, and the layering of these products gives them their other common name of composite volcanoes.
· At the peak, stratovolcanoes usually have a small crater. The crater may be filled with water or ice, or it may contain a volcanic dome during a period of relative inactivity.
Context: Mount Ruang initiated its eruption recently, propelling an ash cloud upwards of a mile into the sky.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Option a Correct Mount Ruang · It is a stratovolcano located in Indonesia’s North Sulawesi province.
· It is a 725-meter (2,400-foot) volcano.
· The summit of Ruang stands 10,932 feet above sea level, with a caldera that is about two miles wide.
Stratovolcano
· It is a tall, steep, and cone-shaped type of volcano.
· Unlike flat shield volcanoes, they have higher peaks.
· They are typically found above subduction zones, and they are often part of large volcanically active regions, such as the Ring of Fire that frames much of the Pacific Ocean.
· Strato Volcanoes comprise the largest percentage (~60%) of the Earth’s individual volcanoes, and most are characterized by eruptions of andesite and dacite, lavas that are cooler and more viscous than basalt.
· These more viscous lavas allow gas pressures to build up to high levels. Therefore, these volcanoes often suffer explosive eruptions.
· They are usually about half-half lava and pyroclastic material, and the layering of these products gives them their other common name of composite volcanoes.
· At the peak, stratovolcanoes usually have a small crater. The crater may be filled with water or ice, or it may contain a volcanic dome during a period of relative inactivity.
Context: Mount Ruang initiated its eruption recently, propelling an ash cloud upwards of a mile into the sky.
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