Ethics Theory, TLP-UPSC Mains Answer Writing
Q. 2. “Indian diaspora has evolved from a passive community abroad to a strategic asset for the country.” Discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with this transformation. (150 words, 10 marks)
Introduction
With over 32 million Indians living abroad, the diaspora today acts as a “living bridge” between India and the world, as PM Modi calls it—growing from a quiet presence to a powerful partner in India’s progress.
Body
From Passive Presence to Strategic Asset
In earlier decades, the diaspora mostly maintained cultural ties and sent remittances home, with limited influence on global affairs. Over time, rising success and India’s outreach turned this quiet presence into a strategic national asset.
- Diaspora diplomacy: India connects with its diaspora through high-level visits, Pravasi Bharatiya Divas, and India Houses, improving visibility worldwide.
- Economic contribution: With over $125 billion in remittances in 2023, the diaspora helps strengthen India’s economy and supports families back home.
- Soft power & advocacy: Indian-origin leaders like Rishi Sunak and top CEOs showcase India’s image and increase its influence globally.
Opportunities for India
- Tech and innovation linkages: Professionals in Silicon Valley and other hubs help bring in investments and share new ideas.
- Crisis response: Diaspora groups helped during COVID-19 and Ukraine evacuation efforts by providing support and resources.
- Strategic lobbying: Indian-origin lawmakers in the US, UK, Canada, and Australia often support India’s interests in foreign parliaments.
Challenges in Diaspora Engagement
- Diaspora divisions: Some groups, like pro-Khalistan supporters or CAA critics, create internal conflicts and tensions.
- Host country sensitivities: Strong diaspora involvement sometimes raises concerns about interference in local politics.
- Migration issues: Problems like worker exploitation in Gulf countries or visa fraud hurt India’s image and create serious challenges.
Steps Taken
- Dual-track strategy: India mixes cultural celebrations with long-term partnerships to build trust and utility.
- Institutional support: MEA’s Overseas Indian Affairs Division, e-Migrate portal, and help centres assist with problems and safety.
- Awards and recognition: The Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Awards and India@75 events recognize and connect overseas Indians.
- Schemes and initiatives: SWADES, Vande Bharat Mission, MADAD, and Know India Programme help students, workers, and families abroad.
- People-first diplomacy: PM Modi’s events in the US and UK show India’s focus on connecting directly with its people abroad.
Way Forward
- Enhancing diaspora mapping: India should maintain better data on skilled diaspora to quickly involve them in nation-building.
- Countering misinformation: The government should fight fake news and anti-India narratives with timely facts and outreach.
- Inclusive engagement: India must also include migrant workers, students, and youth— not just elites—in its diaspora policies.
Conclusion
As PM Modi said, “The Indian diaspora is the Rashtradoots (national ambassadors) of India.” By supporting and engaging this global community, India can build stronger partnerships and raise its voice in the world.
