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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.

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Question 1 of 5

1. Question
Q.1) India’s Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) network expanded from 14 units in 2014 to 50 units in 2026. Which of the following is a key capability of modern DWRs equipped with dual-polarization technology?
- a) Measuring air pressure at different altitudes
- b) Identifying precipitation types (rain, hail, sleet, snow) and improving rainfall estimation
- c) Predicting earthquake occurrences in real-time
- d) Detecting underground water tables
Correct

Q.1) Solution (b)

Explanation:
- Modern DWRs deployed by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) are equipped with dual-polarization technology – they send both horizontal and vertical pulses.
- This enables precise identification of precipitation types (rain, hail, drizzle, sleet, snow) and improved rainfall estimation while minimizing false signals.
- The DWR network now covers over 87% of the country, with 50 more planned under Mission Mausam.
Options (a), (c), and (d) are not functions of weather radar. UPSC tests this technological capability.

Why this question?
Tests the specific capability of dual-polarization DWRs – a current Science & Tech fact.

Why important for UPSC?
Meteorology and disaster management appear in Geography and Science & Tech (Prelims 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2020 Prelims question on Doppler radar applications.
Incorrect

Q.1) Solution (b)

Explanation:
- Modern DWRs deployed by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) are equipped with dual-polarization technology – they send both horizontal and vertical pulses.
- This enables precise identification of precipitation types (rain, hail, drizzle, sleet, snow) and improved rainfall estimation while minimizing false signals.
- The DWR network now covers over 87% of the country, with 50 more planned under Mission Mausam.
Options (a), (c), and (d) are not functions of weather radar. UPSC tests this technological capability.

Why this question?
Tests the specific capability of dual-polarization DWRs – a current Science & Tech fact.

Why important for UPSC?
Meteorology and disaster management appear in Geography and Science & Tech (Prelims 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2020 Prelims question on Doppler radar applications.

Question 2 of 5

2. Question

Q.2) Match the following Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI) 2.0 performance categories with their correct grade and score range:

List I (Category)	List II (Grade & Score Range)
A. Achiever	1. A – 75 to below 90
B. Front Runner	2. B – 60 to below 75
C. Performer	3. A+ – 90 and above
D. Aspirant	4. C – 40 to below 60

Select the correct code:

a) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
b) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
c) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
d) A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2

Correct

Q.2) Solution (a)

Explanation:
PAI 2.0 evaluates over 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats across 150 indicators and 9 thematic areas (localization of SDGs). The performance categories are:

Achiever (A-3): A+ grade – score 90 and above
Front Runner (B-1): A grade – 75 to below 90
Performer (C-2): B grade – 60 to below 75
Aspirant (D-4): C grade – 40 to below 60

PAI 2.0 saw a record national participation of 97.3% (2,59,867 Gram Panchayats), with 3,635 Front Runner Panchayats. Option (a) correctly matches all categories.

Why this question?
Tests the PAI 2.0 grading system – a high-probability static and current affairs matching question.

Why important for UPSC?
Panchayati Raj and governance performance assessment appear in Polity (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2020 Prelims matching question on government performance indices.

Incorrect

Q.2) Solution (a)

Explanation:
PAI 2.0 evaluates over 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats across 150 indicators and 9 thematic areas (localization of SDGs). The performance categories are:

Achiever (A-3): A+ grade – score 90 and above
Front Runner (B-1): A grade – 75 to below 90
Performer (C-2): B grade – 60 to below 75
Aspirant (D-4): C grade – 40 to below 60

PAI 2.0 saw a record national participation of 97.3% (2,59,867 Gram Panchayats), with 3,635 Front Runner Panchayats. Option (a) correctly matches all categories.

Why this question?
Tests the PAI 2.0 grading system – a high-probability static and current affairs matching question.

Why important for UPSC?
Panchayati Raj and governance performance assessment appear in Polity (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2020 Prelims matching question on government performance indices.

Question 3 of 5

3. Question
Q.3) Assertion (A): Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication technology in India faces a ‘chicken-and-egg’ problem where early adopters bear the full cost while enjoying underwhelming benefits until a critical mass of vehicles are equipped.
Reason (R): V2V is only useful when a critical mass of vehicles are equipped; two-wheelers and pedestrians (dominant road users in India) cannot be easily integrated into the V2V ecosystem.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
- a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- c) A is true, but R is false.
- d) A is false, but R is true.
Correct

Q.3) Solution (a)

Explanation:
Both A and R are true, and R explains the collective action problem.
- V2V requires a critical mass of equipped vehicles to be effective – early adopters pay without full benefits.
- India’s road reality (two-wheelers, pedestrians, non-motorized traffic dominate) makes V2V integration difficult as these road users cannot be easily equipped with communication devices.
- The Ministry has yet to specify DSRC vs C-V2X standards, and backend interoperability systems are absent. The Supreme Court has stressed basic road safety (Article 21) over high-tech solutions. UPSC tests this implementation gap.
Why this question?
Tests the understanding of the collective action problem in V2V adoption – a current technology policy issue.

Why important for UPSC?
Intelligent Transport Systems and road safety appear in Science & Tech and Governance (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2022 Prelims assertion-reason question on technology adoption challenges.
Incorrect

Q.3) Solution (a)

Explanation:
Both A and R are true, and R explains the collective action problem.
- V2V requires a critical mass of equipped vehicles to be effective – early adopters pay without full benefits.
- India’s road reality (two-wheelers, pedestrians, non-motorized traffic dominate) makes V2V integration difficult as these road users cannot be easily equipped with communication devices.
- The Ministry has yet to specify DSRC vs C-V2X standards, and backend interoperability systems are absent. The Supreme Court has stressed basic road safety (Article 21) over high-tech solutions. UPSC tests this implementation gap.
Why this question?
Tests the understanding of the collective action problem in V2V adoption – a current technology policy issue.

Why important for UPSC?
Intelligent Transport Systems and road safety appear in Science & Tech and Governance (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2022 Prelims assertion-reason question on technology adoption challenges.
Question 4 of 5

4. Question
Q.4) Consider the following statements regarding EPFO’s E-PRAAPTI portal (announced April 29, 2026):
1. E-PRAAPTI stands for ‘EPF Aadhaar-based Access Portal for Tracking Inoperative Accounts’.
2. The portal is designed to help members identify, track, link, and activate old or inactive EPF accounts that may not have a UAN linked to them.
3. An EPF account is classified as ‘inoperative’ when no contribution has been received for 3 years after retirement, permanent migration abroad, or upon the death of the member.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- a)Only one
- b) Only two
- c) All three
- d) None
Correct

Q.4) Solution (c)

Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: E-PRAAPTI stands for EPF Aadhaar-based Access Portal for Tracking Inoperative Accounts.
- Statement 2 is correct: The portal helps members identify, track, link, and activate old/inactive EPF accounts, especially from the pre-UAN era (before 2014-2016).
- Statement 3 is correct: Conditions for inoperative EPF account include no contribution for 3 years after retirement, permanent migration abroad, or death of the member. UAN (12-digit unique ID) was introduced to streamline multiple EPF accounts. UPSC tests this recall condition trap.
Why this question?
Tests the specific condition of the first phase (members who can recall their IDs) – a common reversal trap.

Why important for UPSC?
Social security schemes and EPFO reforms appear in Economy and Governance (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2022 Prelims question on EPFO and UAN.
Incorrect

Q.4) Solution (c)

Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: E-PRAAPTI stands for EPF Aadhaar-based Access Portal for Tracking Inoperative Accounts.
- Statement 2 is correct: The portal helps members identify, track, link, and activate old/inactive EPF accounts, especially from the pre-UAN era (before 2014-2016).
- Statement 3 is correct: Conditions for inoperative EPF account include no contribution for 3 years after retirement, permanent migration abroad, or death of the member. UAN (12-digit unique ID) was introduced to streamline multiple EPF accounts. UPSC tests this recall condition trap.
Why this question?
Tests the specific condition of the first phase (members who can recall their IDs) – a common reversal trap.

Why important for UPSC?
Social security schemes and EPFO reforms appear in Economy and Governance (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2022 Prelims question on EPFO and UAN.
Question 5 of 5

5. Question
Q.5) Consider the following statements based on the NSO 80th round survey (2025) on household social consumption related to health:
1. The projected population reporting ailments (PPRA) nearly doubled from 2017-18 to 2025, indicating improved awareness and willingness to seek care.
2. The percentage of rural population using public facilities for outpatient care increased from 28% in 2014 to 35% in 2025.
3. Government-funded health insurance coverage under PM-JAY in rural areas increased from 12.9% to 45.5% between 2017-18 and 2025.
4. Institutional deliveries in rural areas declined from 90.5% in 2017-18 to 85.6% in 2025.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- a) Only one
- b) Only two
- c) Only three
- d) All four
Correct

Q.5) Solution (c)

Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: PPRA in rural areas increased from 6.8% (2017-18) to 12.2% (2025); urban from 9.1% to 14.9%.
- Statement 2 is correct: Rural public facility utilization for outpatient care increased from 28% (2014) to 35% (2025).
- Statement 3 is correct: PM-JAY coverage in rural areas increased from 12.9% to 45.5% (increase of 32.6 percentage points); urban from 8.9% to 31.8%.
- Statement 4 is incorrect: Institutional deliveries increased – rural areas from 90.5% (2017-18) to 95.6% (2025); urban from 96.1% to 97.8%. All indicators show significant improvement. UPSC tests this directional trap.
Why this question?
Tests the direction of change in institutional deliveries (increase, not decline) – a common reversal trap.

Why important for UPSC?
Health survey data analysis appears in Social Justice and Economy (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2022 Prelims question on NSO health survey findings.
Incorrect

Q.5) Solution (c)

Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: PPRA in rural areas increased from 6.8% (2017-18) to 12.2% (2025); urban from 9.1% to 14.9%.
- Statement 2 is correct: Rural public facility utilization for outpatient care increased from 28% (2014) to 35% (2025).
- Statement 3 is correct: PM-JAY coverage in rural areas increased from 12.9% to 45.5% (increase of 32.6 percentage points); urban from 8.9% to 31.8%.
- Statement 4 is incorrect: Institutional deliveries increased – rural areas from 90.5% (2017-18) to 95.6% (2025); urban from 96.1% to 97.8%. All indicators show significant improvement. UPSC tests this directional trap.
Why this question?
Tests the direction of change in institutional deliveries (increase, not decline) – a common reversal trap.

Why important for UPSC?
Health survey data analysis appears in Social Justice and Economy (Prelims 2024, 2026 trend).

PYQ Pattern Link
Similar to 2022 Prelims question on NSO health survey findings.

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