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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.

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Question 1 of 5

1. Question

Consider the following statements

Legal Tender Money is anything recognised by law as a means to settle a public or private debt or meet a financial obligation.
Fiat money is a government-issued currency that is not backed by a commodity such as gold.
In India, coins are legal tender in limited quantities.

Choose the correct statements:

a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3
d) 1 and 3

Correct

Solution (a)

Statement Analysis

Statement 1

Statement 2

Statement 3

Correct

· Legal Tender Money is anything recognised by law as a means to settle a public or private debt or meet a financial obligation, including tax payments, contracts, and legal fines or damages, is considered legal tender.

· Fiat money is a government-issued currency that is not backed by a physical commodity, such as gold or silver, but rather by the government that issued it. The value of fiat money is derived from the relationship between supply and demand and the stability of the issuing government, rather than the worth of a commodity backing it. Most modern paper currencies are fiat currencies

Types of Legal Tender Money

Limited Legal Tender Money

· Limited Legal Tender Money is a type of money that can be used to pay off a debt up to a certain amount, after which a person can refuse to accept the payment and no legal action can be taken against them.

· In India, coins are legal tender in limited quantities.

Unlimited Legal Tender Money

· In Unlimited Legal Tender Money, it is possible to pay off any amount of debt.

· A person who refuses to accept this money may face legal action.

· In India, paper notes/currency are unlimited legal tender.

Context: The Reserve Bank of India recently decided to withdraw the ₹2000 denomination banknotes from circulation even as it reiterated that these notes will continue to be legal tender.

Incorrect

Solution (a)

Statement Analysis

Statement 1

Statement 2

Statement 3

Correct

Types of Legal Tender Money

Limited Legal Tender Money

· In India, coins are legal tender in limited quantities.

Unlimited Legal Tender Money

· In Unlimited Legal Tender Money, it is possible to pay off any amount of debt.

· A person who refuses to accept this money may face legal action.

· In India, paper notes/currency are unlimited legal tender.

Context: The Reserve Bank of India recently decided to withdraw the ₹2000 denomination banknotes from circulation even as it reiterated that these notes will continue to be legal tender.

Question 2 of 5

2. Question

Consider the following statements about Strengthening Teaching-Learning and Results for States (STARS) Program

It aims to strengthen Vocational Education and School-to-Work Transition.
It is a central sector scheme.
The components of the STARS project are aligned with objectives of National Education Policy 2020.
It is an Asian Development Bank aided project under the Ministry of Education.

Choose the incorrect statements:

a) 2 and 3
b) 2 and 4
c) 2, 3 and 4
d) 3 and 4

Correct

Solution (b)

Statement Analysis

Statement 1

Statement 2

Statement 3

Statement 4

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

· It aims to strengthen Vocational Education and School-to-Work Transition.

· It is carved out of Samagra Shiksha, with a focus on those elements of the scheme that will most directly support school education enhancement.

· 6 STARS States – Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Odisha, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra

· A broad-based strategy was proposed with focus on

· Vocational education,

· Industry tie-ups,

· Integrating vocational studies with school curricula and

· Modifying the existing school syllabus to meet industry demands and make students job ready after class 12th.

· It is a centrally sponsored scheme.

· The overall focus and components of the STARS project are aligned with objectives of National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.

· STARS project is implemented under Department of School Education and Literacy, Ministry of Education with the financial support of World Bank.

Context: Recently, Ministry of Education and World Bank organised a one of its kind workshop on School-to-Work Transition under the STARS Program in Mumbai.

Incorrect

Solution (b)

Statement Analysis

Statement 1

Statement 2

Statement 3

Statement 4

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

· It aims to strengthen Vocational Education and School-to-Work Transition.

· It is carved out of Samagra Shiksha, with a focus on those elements of the scheme that will most directly support school education enhancement.

· 6 STARS States – Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Odisha, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra

· A broad-based strategy was proposed with focus on

· Vocational education,

· Industry tie-ups,

· Integrating vocational studies with school curricula and

· Modifying the existing school syllabus to meet industry demands and make students job ready after class 12th.

· It is a centrally sponsored scheme.

· The overall focus and components of the STARS project are aligned with objectives of National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.

· STARS project is implemented under Department of School Education and Literacy, Ministry of Education with the financial support of World Bank.

Context: Recently, Ministry of Education and World Bank organised a one of its kind workshop on School-to-Work Transition under the STARS Program in Mumbai.

Question 3 of 5

3. Question

Consider the following statements

Spurious liquor is characterized by the liquid mixture containing methanol and ethyl alcohol.
Food Safety and Standards (Alcoholic Beverages) Regulations, 2018 stipulate the maximum permissible quantity of methanol in different liquors.

Choose the correct statements:

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct

Solution (c)

Statement Analysis

Statement 1

Statement 2

Correct

· Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid.

· It is also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, is an organic compound.

· Liquor is differentiated by its alcohol content from the 5% or so of beer to the 12% or so of wine to the 40% or so of distilled spirits (all by volume).

· Spurious liquor – It is characterised by the liquid mixture containing methanol as well as Ethanol.

· The Food Safety and Standards (Alcoholic Beverages) Regulations 2018 stipulate the maximum permissible quantity of methanol in different liquors.

Methanol

· Hazardous Chemical Rules 1989 includes methanol as a hazardous one.

· The accumulation of formic acid in methonal over time leads to a baneful condition called metabolic acidosis.

Context: 22 people had died after consuming spurious liquor in Chengalpattu and Villupuram districts of Tamil Nadu

Incorrect

Solution (c)

Statement Analysis

Statement 1

Statement 2

Correct

· Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid.

· It is also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, is an organic compound.

· Liquor is differentiated by its alcohol content from the 5% or so of beer to the 12% or so of wine to the 40% or so of distilled spirits (all by volume).

· Spurious liquor – It is characterised by the liquid mixture containing methanol as well as Ethanol.

· The Food Safety and Standards (Alcoholic Beverages) Regulations 2018 stipulate the maximum permissible quantity of methanol in different liquors.

Methanol

· Hazardous Chemical Rules 1989 includes methanol as a hazardous one.

· The accumulation of formic acid in methonal over time leads to a baneful condition called metabolic acidosis.

Context: 22 people had died after consuming spurious liquor in Chengalpattu and Villupuram districts of Tamil Nadu

Question 4 of 5

4. Question
Which of the below given pairs is/are correctly matched?
- a) One Pair only
- b) Two Pairs only
- c) Three Pairs only
- d) All the above
Correct

Solution (b)

Dead Sea
- It is a salt lake between Israel and Jordan in southwestern Asia.
- Jordan River is the main source of water for this lake.
- It diverted its flow from mid-2010 so the lake is getting drier.
Aral Sea
- It is a saltwater lake located in Central Asia.
- It shares the boundary between Kazakhstan to the north and Uzbekistan to the south.
- It has shrinked in its area and volume that began in the second half of the 20th century.
Lake Poopó
- It is a large saline lake in a shallow depression in the Altiplano Mountains in Oruro Department, Bolivia.
- In 2002 the lake was designated as a site for conservation under the Ramsar Convention.
- December 2015, the lake had completely dried up, leaving only a few marshy areas.
Lake Urmia
- Iran’s Lake Urmia, or Daryācheh-ye Orūmīyeh, is located in the northwestern corner of the country. It is the largest lake in the Middle East, and it has historically covered an area that varied from 2,000 to 2,300 square miles
- Since 1967 it has enjoyed the status of a wetland protected region, and efforts have been made by the Iranian government to increase its wildlife. However, Lake Urmia’s surface area has declined by some 90 percent since the 1970s, to roughly 230 square miles (600 square km), from the damming of the rivers that flow into the lake.
Context: A recent study shows that more than half of the world’s large lakes are drying up.
Incorrect

Solution (b)

Dead Sea
- It is a salt lake between Israel and Jordan in southwestern Asia.
- Jordan River is the main source of water for this lake.
- It diverted its flow from mid-2010 so the lake is getting drier.
Aral Sea
- It is a saltwater lake located in Central Asia.
- It shares the boundary between Kazakhstan to the north and Uzbekistan to the south.
- It has shrinked in its area and volume that began in the second half of the 20th century.
Lake Poopó
- It is a large saline lake in a shallow depression in the Altiplano Mountains in Oruro Department, Bolivia.
- In 2002 the lake was designated as a site for conservation under the Ramsar Convention.
- December 2015, the lake had completely dried up, leaving only a few marshy areas.
Lake Urmia
- Iran’s Lake Urmia, or Daryācheh-ye Orūmīyeh, is located in the northwestern corner of the country. It is the largest lake in the Middle East, and it has historically covered an area that varied from 2,000 to 2,300 square miles
- Since 1967 it has enjoyed the status of a wetland protected region, and efforts have been made by the Iranian government to increase its wildlife. However, Lake Urmia’s surface area has declined by some 90 percent since the 1970s, to roughly 230 square miles (600 square km), from the damming of the rivers that flow into the lake.
Context: A recent study shows that more than half of the world’s large lakes are drying up.

Question 5 of 5

5. Question

Pythia’s Oasis, recently seen in news is located in?

a) Saudi Arabia
b) Qatar
c) United States of America
d) Chile

Correct

Solution (c)

Option c

Correct

A leak at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean is spewing warm tectonic lubricant.

· The leak off the coast of Oregon in US was originally thought to be water.

· It was previously believed the chemically distinct fluid” was 16 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than the surrounding ocean water.

· However, recently it is found that the liquid is coming from the Cascadia megathrust, where temperatures are estimated to be around 300 and 500 degrees Fahrenheit.

· The leak was first identified in 2015, and it is called Pythia’s Oasis after the Greek oracle, it was found on top of the 600-mile-long Cascadia Subduction Zone fault.

· The researchers believe this is the first known leak of its kind in this ocean.

Context: A leak at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean is spewing warm tectonic lubricant.

Incorrect

Solution (c)

Option c

Correct

A leak at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean is spewing warm tectonic lubricant.

· The leak off the coast of Oregon in US was originally thought to be water.

· It was previously believed the chemically distinct fluid” was 16 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than the surrounding ocean water.

· However, recently it is found that the liquid is coming from the Cascadia megathrust, where temperatures are estimated to be around 300 and 500 degrees Fahrenheit.

· The leak was first identified in 2015, and it is called Pythia’s Oasis after the Greek oracle, it was found on top of the 600-mile-long Cascadia Subduction Zone fault.

· The researchers believe this is the first known leak of its kind in this ocean.

Context: A leak at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean is spewing warm tectonic lubricant.

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