The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements regarding supernovae:
Type Ia supernovae occur in binary systems when a white dwarf accretes enough material from a companion star to reach a critical mass, leading to a thermonuclear explosion.
Type II supernovae result from the collapse of massive stars (greater than about 8 solar masses) after they exhaust their nuclear fuel.
The recently observed SN 2023zkd represents a new kind of supernova, triggered by the gravitational disruption of a massive star by its black hole companion.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
Statement 1
Type Ia supernovae occur in binary systems. A white dwarf accretes matter from its companion.
When it crosses the Chandrasekhar limit (~1.4 solar masses), runaway carbon fusion occurs → thermonuclear explosion.
These are important as standard candles in measuring cosmic distances and expansion of the universe.
Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 2
Type II supernovae happen when massive stars (>8 M☉) finish burning nuclear fuel.
Their core collapses, leading to a neutron star or black hole remnant.
Characterized by hydrogen lines in spectra.
Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 3
SN 2023zkd (observed in 2023) is a newly identified type: a massive star torn apart by a black hole in a binary orbit.
Instead of normal collapse, gravitational stress triggered the explosion.
This is first strong evidence of black holes directly causing supernovae.
Hence the statement is Correct
Incorrect
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
Statement 1
Type Ia supernovae occur in binary systems. A white dwarf accretes matter from its companion.
When it crosses the Chandrasekhar limit (~1.4 solar masses), runaway carbon fusion occurs → thermonuclear explosion.
These are important as standard candles in measuring cosmic distances and expansion of the universe.
Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 2
Type II supernovae happen when massive stars (>8 M☉) finish burning nuclear fuel.
Their core collapses, leading to a neutron star or black hole remnant.
Characterized by hydrogen lines in spectra.
Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 3
SN 2023zkd (observed in 2023) is a newly identified type: a massive star torn apart by a black hole in a binary orbit.
Instead of normal collapse, gravitational stress triggered the explosion.
This is first strong evidence of black holes directly causing supernovae.
Hence the statement is Correct
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the GST Council:
It is a constitutional body created under Article 279A by the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016.
The recommendations of the GST Council are binding on both the Union and the States, as it is the supreme decision-making authority on GST matters.
The Union Finance Minister is the Chairperson of the GST Council, and all States’ Finance Ministers are its members.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Answer: (b)
Explanation
Statement 1: Article 279A establishes the GST Council, making it a constitutional body. Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 2: The Council’s decisions are recommendatory in nature. In practice, States and Centre generally follow them to maintain uniformity, but constitutionally they are not binding. Hence the statement is Incorrect
Statement 3: The Union Finance Minister is the Chairperson, and State Finance Ministers are members. Hence the statement is Correct
Incorrect
Answer: (b)
Explanation
Statement 1: Article 279A establishes the GST Council, making it a constitutional body. Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 2: The Council’s decisions are recommendatory in nature. In practice, States and Centre generally follow them to maintain uniformity, but constitutionally they are not binding. Hence the statement is Incorrect
Statement 3: The Union Finance Minister is the Chairperson, and State Finance Ministers are members. Hence the statement is Correct
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Naegleria fowleri, recently in news, is:
Correct
Answer: a)
Explanation:
Naegleria fowleri is a free-living thermophilic amoeba, often called the “brain-eating amoeba.”
It causes Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare but almost always fatal brain infection.
Transmission happens when contaminated warm freshwater enters through the nose (not by drinking water). It travels via the olfactory nerve into the brain, where it destroys brain tissue.
Option b – Fungal pathogen causing white rust in crops: White rust is caused by Albugo candida (an oomycete-like fungus), not Naegleria fowleri.
Option c – Virus responsible for Japanese Encephalitis: Japanese Encephalitis is caused by a Flavivirus, transmitted by Culex mosquitoes, not by an amoeba.
Option d – Bacterium causing leptospirosis: Leptospirosis is caused by the bacterium Leptospira interrogans, not Naegleria fowleri.
Incorrect
Answer: a)
Explanation:
Naegleria fowleri is a free-living thermophilic amoeba, often called the “brain-eating amoeba.”
It causes Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare but almost always fatal brain infection.
Transmission happens when contaminated warm freshwater enters through the nose (not by drinking water). It travels via the olfactory nerve into the brain, where it destroys brain tissue.
Option b – Fungal pathogen causing white rust in crops: White rust is caused by Albugo candida (an oomycete-like fungus), not Naegleria fowleri.
Option c – Virus responsible for Japanese Encephalitis: Japanese Encephalitis is caused by a Flavivirus, transmitted by Culex mosquitoes, not by an amoeba.
Option d – Bacterium causing leptospirosis: Leptospirosis is caused by the bacterium Leptospira interrogans, not Naegleria fowleri.
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Henry Derozio and the Young Bengal Movement:
The Derozians advocated for freedom of thought, women’s education, and social equality, often drawing inspiration from Enlightenment ideas of liberty and rationalism.
Despite their radicalism, the Young Bengal group succeeded in mobilizing large-scale social reform movements during Derozio’s lifetime.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Correct Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Statement 1: Derozio encouraged his students to embrace rationalism, scientific inquiry, equality, and women’s education. The Young Bengal drew heavily from Western Enlightenment ideals. Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 2: Although they were intellectually radical, the Young Bengal lackedmass social influence and did not translate their ideas into large-scale reform movements during Derozio’s short life. Their impact was more ideological, paving the way for later reformers. Hence the statement is Incorrect
Incorrect
Correct Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Statement 1: Derozio encouraged his students to embrace rationalism, scientific inquiry, equality, and women’s education. The Young Bengal drew heavily from Western Enlightenment ideals. Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 2: Although they were intellectually radical, the Young Bengal lackedmass social influence and did not translate their ideas into large-scale reform movements during Derozio’s short life. Their impact was more ideological, paving the way for later reformers. Hence the statement is Incorrect
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements:
Saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) is categorized as Critically Endangered under the IUCN Red List.
Sundarban Biosphere Reserve is the only mangrove habitat in the world where both the Royal Bengal Tiger and Saltwater Crocodile coexist as apex predators.
The saltwater crocodile is listed in Schedule II of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, giving it lesser protection than the tiger.
Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?
Correct
Answer: (b)
Explanation
Statement 1
The Saltwater Crocodile is “Least Concern” in the IUCN Red List (not Critically Endangered).
However, it faces local threats (habitat loss, human conflict) in certain regions like India.
Hence the statement is. Incorrect
Statement 2
Sundarban Biosphere Reserve is indeed the only mangrove ecosystem in the world where two apex predators — the Royal Bengal Tiger and the Saltwater Crocodile — coexist naturally.
This unique predator overlap makes Sundarbans globally significant.
Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 3
Saltwater Crocodile is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Schedule I offers the highest degree of legal protection, equal to the tiger.
Hence the statement is Incorrect
Incorrect
Answer: (b)
Explanation
Statement 1
The Saltwater Crocodile is “Least Concern” in the IUCN Red List (not Critically Endangered).
However, it faces local threats (habitat loss, human conflict) in certain regions like India.
Hence the statement is. Incorrect
Statement 2
Sundarban Biosphere Reserve is indeed the only mangrove ecosystem in the world where two apex predators — the Royal Bengal Tiger and the Saltwater Crocodile — coexist naturally.
This unique predator overlap makes Sundarbans globally significant.
Hence the statement is Correct
Statement 3
Saltwater Crocodile is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Schedule I offers the highest degree of legal protection, equal to the tiger.
