Q.1) Solution (c) 

Lepidopterists have discovered two species of butterflies – the Striped Hairstreak and Elusive Prince – in Arunachal Pradesh. 

The Striped Hairstreak was first recorded by Japanese entomologists in Hainan province of China. 

Elusive Prince has a Vietnamese connection and was thought to be the more familiar Black Prince found in the Eastern Himalayas. 

The Striped Hairstreak was located in Vijaynagar bordering Myanmar while the Elusive Prince was found in Miao on the periphery of the Namdapha National Park. 

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/japanese-found-chinese-butterfly-is-now-indian/article31963607.ece 

Q.2) Solution (a) 

Bhutan had sent a demarche protesting Chinese claims to the Sakteng wildlife sanctuary in Eastern Bhutan. 

China recently attempted to stop funding for the Sakteng sanctuary from the U.N. Development Programme’s Global Environment Facility (GEF), on the grounds that it was “disputed” territory. 

Sakteng sanctuary has in the past too received such grants, including in 2018-2019, for a project on preventing soil erosion, without any objection from China. 

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/days-after-demarche-china-doubles-down-on-claims-on-eastern-bhutan-boundary/article31993470.ece 

Q.3) Solution (c) 

About United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) 

• It is a subsidiary organ of the UN General Assembly and works as a sexual and reproductive health agency. 
• The UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) establishes its mandate. 
• It was established as a trust fund in 1967 and began operations in 1969. In 1987, it was officially renamed the United Nations Population Fund but the original abbreviation, ‘UNFPA’ for the United Nations Fund for Population Activities was retained. 
• UNFPA is not supported by the UN budget, instead, it is entirely supported by voluntary contributions of donor governments, intergovernmental organizations, the private sector, foundations and individuals. 
• UNFPA works directly to tackle Sustainable Development Goal on health(SDG3), Education (SDG4) and gender equality (SDG5) 
• It is a member of the United Nations Sustainable Development Group and part of its executive committee. 

Source: https://www.unfpa.org/about-us 

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-accounts-for-458-million-of-the-worlds-missing-females-says-un-report/article31951401.ece 

Q.4) Solution (a) 

Article 51 of Indian Constitution (Directive Principles of State Policy) 

Promotion of international peace and security. The State shall endeavour to – 

1. promote international peace and security;
2. maintain just and honourable relations between nations;
3. foster respect for international law and treaty obligations in the dealings of organised peoples with one another; and 
4. encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration 

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/will-accept-marines-case-ruling-centre/article31985141.ece 

Q.5) Solution (b) 

Defence Acquisition Council 

• The DAC is Defence Ministry’s highest decision making body for capital acquisition proposals forwarded by the Indian armed forces. 
• It was set up in 2001 as part of the post-Kargil reforms in defence sector. 
• DAC is chaired by Union Defence Minister. 
• The objective of the Defence Acquisition Council is to ensure expeditious procurement of the approved requirements of the Armed Forces in terms of capabilities sought, and time frame prescribed, by optimally utilizing the allocated budgetary resources. 

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/mod-approves-33-new-fighter-jets-for-iaf-in-deals-worth-38900-crore/article31971510.ece