IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following
- Prime Minister
- Leader of Opposition
- Chief Vigilance Commissioner
- Chief Justice of India
- Revenue Secretary
How many of the above mentioned are involved in the recommendation of director of Enforcement Directorate?
Correct
Solution (a)
The Enforcement Directorate was established in the year 1956 as an ‘Enforcement Unit’ under the Department of Economic Affairs. Later, in 1957, this Unit was renamed as ‘Enforcement Directorate’. The ED Director is appointed by the central government on the recommendation of a committee: chaired by the Central Vigilance Commissioner and members comprising of Vigilance Commissioners, Home Secretary, Secretary DOPT and Revenue Secretary.
Context – The Supreme Court said that the third extension to Sanjay Kumar Mishra’s tenure as the Enforcement Directorate (ED) chief was illegal and in violation of its judgment in 2021.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
The Enforcement Directorate was established in the year 1956 as an ‘Enforcement Unit’ under the Department of Economic Affairs. Later, in 1957, this Unit was renamed as ‘Enforcement Directorate’. The ED Director is appointed by the central government on the recommendation of a committee: chaired by the Central Vigilance Commissioner and members comprising of Vigilance Commissioners, Home Secretary, Secretary DOPT and Revenue Secretary.
Context – The Supreme Court said that the third extension to Sanjay Kumar Mishra’s tenure as the Enforcement Directorate (ED) chief was illegal and in violation of its judgment in 2021.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements about ‘Bio-fuels’
- It is a fuel that is produced over a short time span from biomass
- It can be used directly as a fuel for internal combustion engines
- The yield of 3G biofuels is approximately twice that of 2G biofuels
How many of the statement(s) given above are correct
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect Biofuel is a fuel that is produced over a short time span from biomass, rather than by the very slow natural processes involved in the formation of fossil fuels, such as oil. Since biomass can be used as a fuel directly (e.g., wood logs), some people use the words biomass and biofuel interchangeably. Most of biofuel consumption occurs as a blend with refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil, and kerosene-type jet fuel. However, some biofuels do not require blending with their petroleum counterparts and are referred to as drop-in biofuels. 3G biofuels, known as ‘algae fuel’, are derived from algae in the form of both, biodiesel and bio-alcohols. Although the yield of 3G biofuels is approximately 10 times higher than 2G biofuels, producing adequate algal biomass and scaling up extraction techniques are as yet unresolved challenges. Context – E20 petrol, or petrol with 20 per cent ethanol, is now available at 1,350 fuel retail outlets and will be available all over the country by 2025.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect Biofuel is a fuel that is produced over a short time span from biomass, rather than by the very slow natural processes involved in the formation of fossil fuels, such as oil. Since biomass can be used as a fuel directly (e.g., wood logs), some people use the words biomass and biofuel interchangeably. Most of biofuel consumption occurs as a blend with refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil, and kerosene-type jet fuel. However, some biofuels do not require blending with their petroleum counterparts and are referred to as drop-in biofuels. 3G biofuels, known as ‘algae fuel’, are derived from algae in the form of both, biodiesel and bio-alcohols. Although the yield of 3G biofuels is approximately 10 times higher than 2G biofuels, producing adequate algal biomass and scaling up extraction techniques are as yet unresolved challenges. Context – E20 petrol, or petrol with 20 per cent ethanol, is now available at 1,350 fuel retail outlets and will be available all over the country by 2025.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
With reference to ‘Scheme for Capacity Building in Textiles Sector (SAMARTH) scheme’, consider the following statements
- Statement 1 – It is a demand-driven and placement-oriented umbrella skilling programme
- Statement 2 – The scheme is implemented through NGOs/ Societies/ Trusts having placement tie-ups with the textile industry
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct Scheme for Capacity Building in Textiles Sector (SAMARTH) is a demand-driven and placement-oriented umbrella skilling programme. It aims to incentivize and supplement the efforts of the industry in creating jobs in the organized textile and related sectors, covering the entire value chain of textiles, excluding Spinning and Weaving. Under this scheme skilling programme is implemented through the following Implementing Agencies: Textile Industry. Institutions/Organizations of the Ministry of Textiles/State Governments having training infrastructure and placement tie-ups with the textile industry. Reputed training institutions/ NGOs/ Societies/ Trusts/ Organizations/ Companies /Start-Ups / Entrepreneurs active in the textile sector having placement tie-ups with the textile industry. Context – The panel of SAMARTH scheme implementing partners has been broadened with empanelment of 43 new implementing partners and additional target of training around 75,000 beneficiaries has been allocated to the training partners.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct Scheme for Capacity Building in Textiles Sector (SAMARTH) is a demand-driven and placement-oriented umbrella skilling programme. It aims to incentivize and supplement the efforts of the industry in creating jobs in the organized textile and related sectors, covering the entire value chain of textiles, excluding Spinning and Weaving. Under this scheme skilling programme is implemented through the following Implementing Agencies: Textile Industry. Institutions/Organizations of the Ministry of Textiles/State Governments having training infrastructure and placement tie-ups with the textile industry. Reputed training institutions/ NGOs/ Societies/ Trusts/ Organizations/ Companies /Start-Ups / Entrepreneurs active in the textile sector having placement tie-ups with the textile industry. Context – The panel of SAMARTH scheme implementing partners has been broadened with empanelment of 43 new implementing partners and additional target of training around 75,000 beneficiaries has been allocated to the training partners.
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Question 4 of 5
4. Question
‘Salsola oppositifolia Desfontani’ a plant species recently seen in news is found to be a sustainable source for the manufacture of
Correct
Solution (c)
Salsola Oppositifolia Desfontani is a species that belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae. It is a perennial shrub that grows in saline, arid to semi-arid environments. It is a succulent shrub that can grow one to two metres tall and have a smooth, cylindrical, woody base. It is rarely prostrate and unlike other species of Salsola, does not have any hairs. Salsola oppositifolia is used as a raw material for manufacturing soda ash. Other Salsola species are used in manufacturing lye and soaps. Research has established that the species of this genus are rich in pharmacological properties also.
Context – Recently, a team of researchers from Gandhinagar-based Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation has discovered a new plant species called Salsola Oppositifolia Desfontani.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Salsola Oppositifolia Desfontani is a species that belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae. It is a perennial shrub that grows in saline, arid to semi-arid environments. It is a succulent shrub that can grow one to two metres tall and have a smooth, cylindrical, woody base. It is rarely prostrate and unlike other species of Salsola, does not have any hairs. Salsola oppositifolia is used as a raw material for manufacturing soda ash. Other Salsola species are used in manufacturing lye and soaps. Research has established that the species of this genus are rich in pharmacological properties also.
Context – Recently, a team of researchers from Gandhinagar-based Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation has discovered a new plant species called Salsola Oppositifolia Desfontani.
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Question 5 of 5
5. Question
With reference to ‘Phosphine’, consider the following statements
- It is not found naturally on earth and can only be manufactured artificially
- It is used in the production of a flame retardant and as a pesticide in stored grain
Select the correct statement(s)
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct Phosphine on Earth is developed naturally by bacteria that live in very low-oxygen environments. To produce phosphine, Earth bacteria take up phosphate from minerals or biological material and add hydrogen. It is also called as hydrogen phosphide. It is a colourless, flammable, extremely toxic gas with a disagreeable garlic like odour. Phosphine is used in semiconductor and plastics industries, in the production of a flame retardant, and as a pesticide in stored grain. Context – Scientists have detected phosphine at deeper level in Venus’ atmosphere than before using the James Clark Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) at Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct Phosphine on Earth is developed naturally by bacteria that live in very low-oxygen environments. To produce phosphine, Earth bacteria take up phosphate from minerals or biological material and add hydrogen. It is also called as hydrogen phosphide. It is a colourless, flammable, extremely toxic gas with a disagreeable garlic like odour. Phosphine is used in semiconductor and plastics industries, in the production of a flame retardant, and as a pesticide in stored grain. Context – Scientists have detected phosphine at deeper level in Venus’ atmosphere than before using the James Clark Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) at Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii.
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