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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Do remember that, “the difference between Ordinary and EXTRA-Ordinary is PRACTICE!!”
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Consider the following statements about Combined Maritime Forces (CMF)
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Incorrect | Incorrect |
· It is a multi-national naval partnership based in Bahrain which exists to promote security, stability, and prosperity across approximately 3.2 million square miles of international waters, which encompass some of the world’s most important shipping lanes.
· CMF’s main focus areas are defeating terrorism, preventing piracy, encouraging regional cooperation, and promoting a safe maritime environment. |
· Participation is purely voluntary. No nation is asked to carry out any duty that it is unwilling to conduct.
· The member nations are not bound by either a political or military mandate. · CMF is a flexible organisation. Contributions can vary from the provision of a liaison officer at CMF HQ in Bahrain to the supply of warships or support vessels in task forces, and maritime reconnaissance aircraft based on land. |
· Member Nations: Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, India, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Malaysia, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Türkiye, UAE, United Kingdom, United States, and Yemen.
· Headquarters are co-located with US Naval Central Command and US Navy Fifth Fleet at Naval Support Activity (NSA) Bahrain. Command: · CMF is commanded by a U.S. Navy Vice Admiral, who also serves as Commander of the US Naval Forces Central Command (NAVCENT) and US Navy Fifth Fleet. · CMF’s Deputy Commander is a United Kingdom Royal Navy Commodore. · Other senior staff roles at CMF’s headquarters are filled by personnel from member nations. |
Context: INS Talwar of the Indian Navy recently seized 940 kg of drugs in the Arabian Sea as part of an operation led by the Combined Maritime Forces (CMF).
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
Correct | Incorrect | Incorrect |
· It is a multi-national naval partnership based in Bahrain which exists to promote security, stability, and prosperity across approximately 3.2 million square miles of international waters, which encompass some of the world’s most important shipping lanes.
· CMF’s main focus areas are defeating terrorism, preventing piracy, encouraging regional cooperation, and promoting a safe maritime environment. |
· Participation is purely voluntary. No nation is asked to carry out any duty that it is unwilling to conduct.
· The member nations are not bound by either a political or military mandate. · CMF is a flexible organisation. Contributions can vary from the provision of a liaison officer at CMF HQ in Bahrain to the supply of warships or support vessels in task forces, and maritime reconnaissance aircraft based on land. |
· Member Nations: Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, India, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Malaysia, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Türkiye, UAE, United Kingdom, United States, and Yemen.
· Headquarters are co-located with US Naval Central Command and US Navy Fifth Fleet at Naval Support Activity (NSA) Bahrain. Command: · CMF is commanded by a U.S. Navy Vice Admiral, who also serves as Commander of the US Naval Forces Central Command (NAVCENT) and US Navy Fifth Fleet. · CMF’s Deputy Commander is a United Kingdom Royal Navy Commodore. · Other senior staff roles at CMF’s headquarters are filled by personnel from member nations. |
Context: INS Talwar of the Indian Navy recently seized 940 kg of drugs in the Arabian Sea as part of an operation led by the Combined Maritime Forces (CMF).
Consider the following statements about Men5CV Vaccine
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Option c |
Correct |
· Nigeria has become the 1st country in the world to roll out a new vaccine (called Men5CV) against meningitis.
· It protects people against 5 strains (A, C, W, Y and X) of the meningococcus bacteria. · It was recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). · The vaccine and emergency vaccination activities are funded by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Meningitis · Meningitis is a serious infection that leads to the inflammation of the membranes (meninges) that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. · There are multiple causes of meningitis, including viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic pathogens. · Bacterial meningitis is the most serious, can also result in septicaemia (blood poisoning), and can seriously disable or kill within 24 hours those that contract it. · Symptoms – Headache, fever and stiff neck. · Road map to meningitis – In 2019, WHO and partners launched the global roadmap to defeating meningitis by 2030. · Nigeria is one of the 26 meningitis hyper-endemic countries of Africa, situated in the area known as the African Meningitis Belt. |
Context: Nigeria has become the 1st country in the world to roll out a new vaccine (called Men5CV) against meningitis.
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis
Option c |
Correct |
· Nigeria has become the 1st country in the world to roll out a new vaccine (called Men5CV) against meningitis.
· It protects people against 5 strains (A, C, W, Y and X) of the meningococcus bacteria. · It was recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). · The vaccine and emergency vaccination activities are funded by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Meningitis · Meningitis is a serious infection that leads to the inflammation of the membranes (meninges) that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. · There are multiple causes of meningitis, including viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic pathogens. · Bacterial meningitis is the most serious, can also result in septicaemia (blood poisoning), and can seriously disable or kill within 24 hours those that contract it. · Symptoms – Headache, fever and stiff neck. · Road map to meningitis – In 2019, WHO and partners launched the global roadmap to defeating meningitis by 2030. · Nigeria is one of the 26 meningitis hyper-endemic countries of Africa, situated in the area known as the African Meningitis Belt. |
Context: Nigeria has become the 1st country in the world to roll out a new vaccine (called Men5CV) against meningitis.
Consider the following statements
Choose the incorrect statements:
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Correct |
· A gigantic ocean lying 700 kilometres beneath the Earth’s surface, hidden within a rock called ringwoodite.
· This subterranean reservoir, three times the volume of all the planet’s surface oceans combined, was revealed through studies of seismic activity. |
· Ringwoodite is a mineral that forms in the Earth’s mantle at high temperatures and pressures
· Ringwoodite’s unique properties allow it to trap water like a sponge.
|
Context: Scientists have made a ground-breaking discovery of a gigantic ocean lying 700 kilometres beneath the Earth’s surface, hidden within a rock called ringwoodite.
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Correct | Correct |
· A gigantic ocean lying 700 kilometres beneath the Earth’s surface, hidden within a rock called ringwoodite.
· This subterranean reservoir, three times the volume of all the planet’s surface oceans combined, was revealed through studies of seismic activity. |
· Ringwoodite is a mineral that forms in the Earth’s mantle at high temperatures and pressures
· Ringwoodite’s unique properties allow it to trap water like a sponge.
|
Context: Scientists have made a ground-breaking discovery of a gigantic ocean lying 700 kilometres beneath the Earth’s surface, hidden within a rock called ringwoodite.
Consider the following statements about Stellar mass black hole and Supermassive black hole
Choose the correct statements:
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Incorrect | Incorrect |
· Supermassive black holes have a mass greater than about 50,000 times the mass of our sun and are typically millions to billions of times the mass of our sun.
· Supermassive black holes are far too large to have formed from the gravitational collapse of a single star. · However, scientists do not currently know how supermassive black holes form. · Supermassive black holes are always found at the center of a galaxy and almost all galaxies have a supermassive black hole at its center. |
· Stellar-mass black holes are formed from the gravitational collapse of a single staror from the merger of two neutron stars.
· Therefore, stellar-mass black holes have masses similar to the masses of stars. · More specifically, stellar-mass black holes have masses ranging from about 3 times the mass of our sun to about 50 times the mass of our sun. |
Context: Astronomers recently spotted the most massive known stellar black hole in the Milky Way galaxy named Gaia-BH3.
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
Incorrect | Incorrect |
· Supermassive black holes have a mass greater than about 50,000 times the mass of our sun and are typically millions to billions of times the mass of our sun.
· Supermassive black holes are far too large to have formed from the gravitational collapse of a single star. · However, scientists do not currently know how supermassive black holes form. · Supermassive black holes are always found at the center of a galaxy and almost all galaxies have a supermassive black hole at its center. |
· Stellar-mass black holes are formed from the gravitational collapse of a single staror from the merger of two neutron stars.
· Therefore, stellar-mass black holes have masses similar to the masses of stars. · More specifically, stellar-mass black holes have masses ranging from about 3 times the mass of our sun to about 50 times the mass of our sun. |
Context: Astronomers recently spotted the most massive known stellar black hole in the Milky Way galaxy named Gaia-BH3.
Jiadhal river, recently seen in news is a tributary of which of the following river?
Solution (d)
Option d |
Correct |
Jiadhal River
· It is a northern tributary of the Brahmaputra River. Course: · It originates in the sub-Himalayan mountains of Arunachal Pradesh at an altitude of 1247m. · After passing through a narrow gorge in Arunachal Pradesh, the river enters the plains of Assam in Dhemaji district, where it flows in braided channels. · The river finally debouches into the Brahmaputra near Selamukh in Lakhimpur district. · But after the construction of the embankment over the Kherkutiya Suti of the Brahmaputra, the river confluences with the Subansiri River. · The total length of the river is 187 km. · Topographically, the upper partof the basin is hilly (Himalayan range), and the middle part onwards is a plain area. · Jiadhal is known for frequent changingof its course and devastating floods. · The Jiadhal River is a classic example of a flashy river and produces floods with a sudden, high dischargeover a short time interval (a few hours to a day) and with a high sediment load and debris. |
Context: The tranquil flow of the Jiadhal river is now being disrupted by the harsh realities of climate change.
Solution (d)
Option d |
Correct |
Jiadhal River
· It is a northern tributary of the Brahmaputra River. Course: · It originates in the sub-Himalayan mountains of Arunachal Pradesh at an altitude of 1247m. · After passing through a narrow gorge in Arunachal Pradesh, the river enters the plains of Assam in Dhemaji district, where it flows in braided channels. · The river finally debouches into the Brahmaputra near Selamukh in Lakhimpur district. · But after the construction of the embankment over the Kherkutiya Suti of the Brahmaputra, the river confluences with the Subansiri River. · The total length of the river is 187 km. · Topographically, the upper partof the basin is hilly (Himalayan range), and the middle part onwards is a plain area. · Jiadhal is known for frequent changingof its course and devastating floods. · The Jiadhal River is a classic example of a flashy river and produces floods with a sudden, high dischargeover a short time interval (a few hours to a day) and with a high sediment load and debris. |
Context: The tranquil flow of the Jiadhal river is now being disrupted by the harsh realities of climate change.