The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Q.1) The Indian Red Sand Boa (Eryx johnii), recently seized by the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) in Warangal, Telangana, is listed under which Schedule of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, and what is its IUCN conservation status?
Correct
Q.1) Solution (b)
Explanation:
The Indian Red Sand Boa (Eryx johnii) is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, which grants it the highest legal protection.
Its IUCN Red List status is Near Threatened. The snake is non-venomous, nocturnal, and fossorial (adapted for burrowing).
It is also known as the “double-headed snake” because its tail is almost as thick as its body, giving the appearance of two heads. The species is endemic to Iran, Pakistan, and India.
The DRI recovered two live snakes during an undercover decoy operation in Warangal, Telangana, on May 17, 2026.
Options (a), (c), and (d) are incorrect. UPSC tests this Schedule I and Near Threatened status.
Why this question? Tests the legal protection status (Schedule I) and IUCN status (Near Threatened) of the Red Sand Boa – a direct Environment fact.
Why important for UPSC? Wildlife protection and conservation status appear in Environment (Prelims 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022).
Incorrect
Q.1) Solution (b)
Explanation:
The Indian Red Sand Boa (Eryx johnii) is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, which grants it the highest legal protection.
Its IUCN Red List status is Near Threatened. The snake is non-venomous, nocturnal, and fossorial (adapted for burrowing).
It is also known as the “double-headed snake” because its tail is almost as thick as its body, giving the appearance of two heads. The species is endemic to Iran, Pakistan, and India.
The DRI recovered two live snakes during an undercover decoy operation in Warangal, Telangana, on May 17, 2026.
Options (a), (c), and (d) are incorrect. UPSC tests this Schedule I and Near Threatened status.
Why this question? Tests the legal protection status (Schedule I) and IUCN status (Near Threatened) of the Red Sand Boa – a direct Environment fact.
Why important for UPSC? Wildlife protection and conservation status appear in Environment (Prelims 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022).
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Q.2) During Prime Minister Modi’s visit to Norway in May 2026, India and Norway elevated their bilateral relationship to a ‘Green Strategic Partnership’. Norway is also a member of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Which of the following countries is NOT a member of EFTA?
Correct
Q.2) Solution (d)
Explanation:
The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) is an intergovernmental organisation established in 1960 as an alternative to the European Union.
Its current members are Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland.
Finland is not a member – it joined the European Union in 1995. The Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) between India and EFTA was signed in March 2024 and entered into force in 2025, with commitments of USD 100 billion investment in India over 15 years and creation of 1 million direct jobs.
Norway also reiterated support for India’s permanent membership in a reformed UN Security Council and welcomed India’s application to the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG).
Options (a), (b), and (c) are members of EFTA. UPSC tests this EFTA membership composition.
Why this question? Tests the membership of EFTA (Finland is not a member) – a static IR fact.
Why important for UPSC? Regional trade blocs and India’s trade agreements appear in Economy and IR (Prelims 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).
Incorrect
Q.2) Solution (d)
Explanation:
The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) is an intergovernmental organisation established in 1960 as an alternative to the European Union.
Its current members are Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland.
Finland is not a member – it joined the European Union in 1995. The Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) between India and EFTA was signed in March 2024 and entered into force in 2025, with commitments of USD 100 billion investment in India over 15 years and creation of 1 million direct jobs.
Norway also reiterated support for India’s permanent membership in a reformed UN Security Council and welcomed India’s application to the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG).
Options (a), (b), and (c) are members of EFTA. UPSC tests this EFTA membership composition.
Why this question? Tests the membership of EFTA (Finland is not a member) – a static IR fact.
Why important for UPSC? Regional trade blocs and India’s trade agreements appear in Economy and IR (Prelims 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024).
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Q.3) Consider the following statements regarding the Matua community and the Citizenship (Amendment) Act (CAA), 2019:
The Matua community was founded by Harichand Thakur in the 19th century as a response to caste discrimination within Hindu society.
Matuas primarily belong to the ‘Namashudra’ caste and are concentrated in the Bengal region (Bangladesh and West Bengal).
Under the CAA, only Hindu migrants from Bangladesh are eligible for citizenship; Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christians are not covered.
The cut-off date for entry into India under the CAA is December 31, 2014.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Q.3) Solution (c)
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The Matua community is a marginalized Hindu sect founded by Harichand Thakur in the 19th century (1860s) as a response to deep-seated caste discrimination within Hindu society.
Statement 2 is correct: Matua followers primarily belong to the ‘Namashudra’ caste (traditionally regarded as a lower-caste group) and have a significant socio-religious presence in the Bengal region – Bangladesh and West Bengal.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The CAA, 2019 grants citizenship to six non-Muslim communities – Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian – from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh.
Statement 4 is correct: The cut-off date for entry into India under the CAA is December 31, 2014.
On May 18, 2026, the MHA notified an amendment to the Citizenship Rules requiring CAA applicants to declare their passport status and surrender foreign passports within 15 days of citizenship approval. Many Matuas lack sufficient documents to apply. Option (a) is correct. UPSC tests this six-community coverage.
Why this question? Tests the six non-Muslim communities covered under CAA – a common factual trap.
Why important for UPSC? Citizenship laws and minority communities appear in Polity and Social Justice (Prelims 2020, 2022, 2024).
Incorrect
Q.3) Solution (c)
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The Matua community is a marginalized Hindu sect founded by Harichand Thakur in the 19th century (1860s) as a response to deep-seated caste discrimination within Hindu society.
Statement 2 is correct: Matua followers primarily belong to the ‘Namashudra’ caste (traditionally regarded as a lower-caste group) and have a significant socio-religious presence in the Bengal region – Bangladesh and West Bengal.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The CAA, 2019 grants citizenship to six non-Muslim communities – Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian – from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh.
Statement 4 is correct: The cut-off date for entry into India under the CAA is December 31, 2014.
On May 18, 2026, the MHA notified an amendment to the Citizenship Rules requiring CAA applicants to declare their passport status and surrender foreign passports within 15 days of citizenship approval. Many Matuas lack sufficient documents to apply. Option (a) is correct. UPSC tests this six-community coverage.
Why this question? Tests the six non-Muslim communities covered under CAA – a common factual trap.
Why important for UPSC? Citizenship laws and minority communities appear in Polity and Social Justice (Prelims 2020, 2022, 2024).
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Q.4) Consider the following statements regarding the Saranda forests in West Singhbhum district, Jharkhand:
Saranda forest is Asia’s largest contiguous Sal (Shorea robusta) forest, spread over approximately 820 sq km.
The region is one of India’s richest iron ore belts, leading to large-scale mining by companies including Tata Steel.
The Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006 requires free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) from Gram Sabhas before forest land diversion, which activists allege was violated.
The local tribal communities protesting mining belong to the Sarna tribe, which follows a distinct indigenous faith.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Q.4) Solution (d)
Explanation: All four statements are correct.
Statement 1: Saranda forest is Asia’s largest contiguous Sal (Shorea robusta) forest, spread over approximately 820 sq km.
Statement 2: The region is one of India’s richest iron ore belts, with large-scale mining by public and private companies including Tata Steel and Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL).
Statement 3: The Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006 requires free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) from Gram Sabhas before forest land diversion. Activists and local tribal communities allege that mining leases were renewed or granted without obtaining consent.
Statement 4: The local tribal communities protesting mining belong to the Sarna tribe – a group of Adivasis who follow a distinct indigenous faith (animistic), separate from Hinduism, Islam, or Christianity.
The Supreme Court has previously intervened to stop illegal mining, and the editorial refers to an SC order that the Jharkhand government is allegedly not fully complying with. The region is part of the Deccan Peninsula Biogeographic Zone and is an Important Bird Area (IBA). Option (a) is correct. UPSC tests this comprehensive understanding.
Why this question? Tests the multiple dimensions of Saranda forest (ecological, mineral, tribal rights, and legal) – a composite Environment and Polity question.
Why important for UPSC? Forest rights, tribal welfare, and mining conflicts appear in Environment and Polity (Prelims 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022).
Incorrect
Q.4) Solution (d)
Explanation: All four statements are correct.
Statement 1: Saranda forest is Asia’s largest contiguous Sal (Shorea robusta) forest, spread over approximately 820 sq km.
Statement 2: The region is one of India’s richest iron ore belts, with large-scale mining by public and private companies including Tata Steel and Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL).
Statement 3: The Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006 requires free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) from Gram Sabhas before forest land diversion. Activists and local tribal communities allege that mining leases were renewed or granted without obtaining consent.
Statement 4: The local tribal communities protesting mining belong to the Sarna tribe – a group of Adivasis who follow a distinct indigenous faith (animistic), separate from Hinduism, Islam, or Christianity.
The Supreme Court has previously intervened to stop illegal mining, and the editorial refers to an SC order that the Jharkhand government is allegedly not fully complying with. The region is part of the Deccan Peninsula Biogeographic Zone and is an Important Bird Area (IBA). Option (a) is correct. UPSC tests this comprehensive understanding.
Why this question? Tests the multiple dimensions of Saranda forest (ecological, mineral, tribal rights, and legal) – a composite Environment and Polity question.
Why important for UPSC? Forest rights, tribal welfare, and mining conflicts appear in Environment and Polity (Prelims 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022).
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Q.5) The Matua community, which has been in the news for its migration history and its connection to the Citizenship (Amendment) Act (CAA), 2019, was founded by whom and in which century?
Correct
Q.5) Solution (b)
Explanation:
The Matua community is a marginalized Hindu sect with roots in the 19th century (1860s). It was founded by Harichand Thakur in present-day Bangladesh as a response to deep-seated caste discrimination within Hindu society.
Followers primarily belong to the ‘Namashudra‘ caste (traditionally regarded as a lower-caste group). The community is monotheist and does not follow Vedic rituals.
Its principal religious scripture is Shrishriharililamrta.
Today, Matuas constitute the second largest SC population of West Bengal. Following the partition of Bengal (1947), many Matua families migrated to India.
On May 18, 2026, the Ministry of Home Affairs notified an amendment to the Citizenship Rules requiring CAA applicants to declare their passport status and surrender foreign passports within 15 days.
Most Matuas who migrated from Bangladesh lack sufficient documents to apply for citizenship under CAA (cut-off date: December 31, 2014).
Options (a), (c), and (d) are incorrect. UPSC tests this founder and century.
Why this question? Tests the founder (Harichand Thakur) and century (19th) of the Matua community – a direct Polity and Social Justice fact.
Why important for UPSC? Marginalized communities and citizenship laws appear in Polity and Social Justice (Prelims 2020, 2022, 2024).
Incorrect
Q.5) Solution (b)
Explanation:
The Matua community is a marginalized Hindu sect with roots in the 19th century (1860s). It was founded by Harichand Thakur in present-day Bangladesh as a response to deep-seated caste discrimination within Hindu society.
Followers primarily belong to the ‘Namashudra‘ caste (traditionally regarded as a lower-caste group). The community is monotheist and does not follow Vedic rituals.
Its principal religious scripture is Shrishriharililamrta.
Today, Matuas constitute the second largest SC population of West Bengal. Following the partition of Bengal (1947), many Matua families migrated to India.
On May 18, 2026, the Ministry of Home Affairs notified an amendment to the Citizenship Rules requiring CAA applicants to declare their passport status and surrender foreign passports within 15 days.
Most Matuas who migrated from Bangladesh lack sufficient documents to apply for citizenship under CAA (cut-off date: December 31, 2014).
Options (a), (c), and (d) are incorrect. UPSC tests this founder and century.
Why this question? Tests the founder (Harichand Thakur) and century (19th) of the Matua community – a direct Polity and Social Justice fact.
Why important for UPSC? Marginalized communities and citizenship laws appear in Polity and Social Justice (Prelims 2020, 2022, 2024).