UPSC Quiz – 2020 : IAS Daily Current Affairs Quiz Day 84

Solution (d)

The monitoring device can detect invisible air particulate as small as PM 2.5 along with PM 10, temperature, humidity, and noise pollution. The sensors also retrieve complex data with the help of a camera that visualizes air pollutants of different forms like HCHO, No2, So2, O3, CO, and Co2.

The measurement of air quality is based on eight pollutants, namely,

• Particulate Matter (size less than 10 µm) or (PM10),  
• Particulate Matter (size less than 2.5 µm) or (PM2.5),
• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2),
• Sulphur Dioxide (SO2),
• Carbon Monoxide (CO),
• Ozone (O3),
• Ammonia (NH3), and
• Lead (Pb)

Solution (c)

Teesta River (or Tista River) is a 315 km long river that rises in the eastern Himalayas, flows through the Indian states of West Bengal and Sikkim through Bangladesh and enters the Bay of Bengal.

The Rangeet or Rangit is a tributary of the Teesta river, which is the largest river in the Indian state of Sikkim. The Rangeet river originates in the Himalayan mountains in West Sikkim district.

Solution (b)

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) is the national professional accounting body of India. It was established on 1 July 1949 as a statutory body under the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 enacted by the Parliament (acting as the provisional Parliament of India) to regulate the profession of Chartered Accountancy in India. ICAI is the second largest professional Accounting & Finance body in the world. ICAI is the only licensing cum regulating body of the financial audit and accountancy profession in India. It recommends the accounting standards to be followed by companies in India to National Advisory Committee on Accounting Standards (NACAS) and sets the accounting standards to be followed by other types of organisations. ICAI is solely responsible for setting the Standards on Auditing (SAs) to be followed in the audit of financial statements in India. It also issues other technical standards like Standards on Internal Audit (SIA), Corporate Affairs Standards (CAS) etc. to be followed by practicing Chartered Accountants. It works closely with the Government of India, Reserve Bank of India and the Securities and Exchange Board of India in formulating and enforcing such standards.

THINK!

• IndAS 
• National Financial Reporting Authority

Solution (a)

In case of an accident, the safety switch is triggered by the airbag electronic and disconnects the battery from the starter-/alternator cable in less than a millisecond. This prevents from short circuits that might lead to a vehicle fire.

 Solution (a)

Purchasing Managers Indexes (PMI) are economic indicators derived from monthly surveys of private sector companies. The data for the index are collected through a survey of 400 purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector on different fields, namely, production level, new orders from customers, speed of supplier deliveries, inventories, order backlogs and employment level. Respondents can report better, same or worse conditions than previous months. For all these fields the percentage of respondents that reported better conditions than the previous months is calculated. The percentages are multiplied by a weighing factor (the factors adding to 1) and are added.

For India, the PMI Data is published by Japanese firm Nikkei but compiled and constructed by Markit Economics (for the US, it is the ISM). The variables used to construct India’s PMI for manufacturing sector are: Output, New Orders, Employment, Input Costs, Output Prices, Backlogs of Work, Export Orders, Quantity of Purchases, Suppliers‟ Delivery Times, Stocks of Purchases and Stocks of Finished Goods. Similar variables are used for the construction of services PMI. A manufacturing PMI and a services PMI are prepared and published by the two. The Nikkei and Markit economics websites says that PMI data are based on monthly surveys of carefully selected companies.