IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following with respect to ‘Srimukhalingam temple’
- Srimukhalingam temple is located in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
- The temple is built in the Vesara architectural style.
- It was built by Kamarnava II, ruler from the family line of Eastern Ganga.
Select the correct statement(s)
Correct
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Correct It is located in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located on the banks of Vamsadhara River and is dedicated to lord Srimukha Lingeswara (a form of Shiva).
The Shivalinga here has a mukha or facial representation of Lord Shiva.
This temple, built in the Kalinga architectural style. The Trinity of Madhukeswara, Someswara and Bheemeswara Temples are a testimony to the magnificent architectural skills of Kalinga Kings.
It was constructed in the 9th century CE by kings of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty. It was built by Kamarnava II, ruler from the family line of Eastern Ganga.
Context: Archaeological Survey of India assured to send a note to UNESCO over inclusion of Srimukhalingam temple in Andhra Pradesh in world heritage structures’ list.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Correct It is located in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located on the banks of Vamsadhara River and is dedicated to lord Srimukha Lingeswara (a form of Shiva).
The Shivalinga here has a mukha or facial representation of Lord Shiva.
This temple, built in the Kalinga architectural style. The Trinity of Madhukeswara, Someswara and Bheemeswara Temples are a testimony to the magnificent architectural skills of Kalinga Kings.
It was constructed in the 9th century CE by kings of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty. It was built by Kamarnava II, ruler from the family line of Eastern Ganga.
Context: Archaeological Survey of India assured to send a note to UNESCO over inclusion of Srimukhalingam temple in Andhra Pradesh in world heritage structures’ list.
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Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to ‘Earthquakes’, consider the following statements
Statement 1- Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust, leading to seismic waves.
Statement 2- The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the earthquake’s point of origin is called the epicenter.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Earthquakes are sudden tremors of the Earth’s surface caused by the release of energy in the form of seismic waves. These waves travel outward from the point of origin, shaking the ground and sometimes causing widespread damage.
Causes:
- Tectonic plate movement: The Earth’s crust is made up of giant plates that are constantly moving. When these plates grind against each other or suddenly slip, the energy released can trigger an earthquake.
- Volcanic activity: Magma movement within volcanoes can also cause earthquakes, though generally less powerful than those caused by plate movement.
Types of Seismic Waves:
- P-waves: These are the fastest waves, traveling through the Earth’s interior. They compress and expand the ground as they pass.
- S-waves: These are slower than P-waves and can only travel through solid rock. They shake the ground from side to side.
- Surface waves: These are the slowest and most destructive waves, causing the ground to roll and sway. They travel along the Earth’s surface.
Measuring Earthquakes: Earthquakes are measured by two main scales:
- Magnitude: This measures the amount of energy released by the earthquake, based on the amplitude of seismic waves recorded on seismographs. It is a logarithmic scale, meaning that a magnitude 7 earthquake is ten times stronger than a magnitude 6 earthquake.
- Intensity: This measures the shaking felt at a specific location, considering factors like distance from the epicenter and local geology. It is not a fixed scale and can vary significantly within a single earthquake.
Impact of Earthquakes: Earthquakes can have devastating consequences, causing:
- Ground shaking: The most immediate impact, leading to building collapses, infrastructure damage, and landslides.
- Tsunamis: Large earthquakes underwater can generate tsunamis, giant waves that can inundate coastal areas.
- Liquefaction: When earthquake shaking loosens and saturates the ground, it can liquefy, causing buildings to sink and infrastructure to buckle.
- Fires: Broken gas lines and electrical sparks can ignite fires, exacerbating the damage.
Context: Earthquake and Tsunami strikes Central Japan
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Earthquakes are sudden tremors of the Earth’s surface caused by the release of energy in the form of seismic waves. These waves travel outward from the point of origin, shaking the ground and sometimes causing widespread damage.
Causes:
- Tectonic plate movement: The Earth’s crust is made up of giant plates that are constantly moving. When these plates grind against each other or suddenly slip, the energy released can trigger an earthquake.
- Volcanic activity: Magma movement within volcanoes can also cause earthquakes, though generally less powerful than those caused by plate movement.
Types of Seismic Waves:
- P-waves: These are the fastest waves, traveling through the Earth’s interior. They compress and expand the ground as they pass.
- S-waves: These are slower than P-waves and can only travel through solid rock. They shake the ground from side to side.
- Surface waves: These are the slowest and most destructive waves, causing the ground to roll and sway. They travel along the Earth’s surface.
Measuring Earthquakes: Earthquakes are measured by two main scales:
- Magnitude: This measures the amount of energy released by the earthquake, based on the amplitude of seismic waves recorded on seismographs. It is a logarithmic scale, meaning that a magnitude 7 earthquake is ten times stronger than a magnitude 6 earthquake.
- Intensity: This measures the shaking felt at a specific location, considering factors like distance from the epicenter and local geology. It is not a fixed scale and can vary significantly within a single earthquake.
Impact of Earthquakes: Earthquakes can have devastating consequences, causing:
- Ground shaking: The most immediate impact, leading to building collapses, infrastructure damage, and landslides.
- Tsunamis: Large earthquakes underwater can generate tsunamis, giant waves that can inundate coastal areas.
- Liquefaction: When earthquake shaking loosens and saturates the ground, it can liquefy, causing buildings to sink and infrastructure to buckle.
- Fires: Broken gas lines and electrical sparks can ignite fires, exacerbating the damage.
Context: Earthquake and Tsunami strikes Central Japan
-
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
With reference to ‘Finance Commission’ consider the following statements
- It is a constitutionally mandated body under Article 280 of the constitution.
- The qualification of chairman and members are defined in an act of Parliament.
Select the INCORRECT statement(s)
Correct
Solution (d)
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct It is a Constitutionally mandated body that is at the center of fiscal federalism. It is constituted by the President under article 280 of the Constitution, mainly to give its recommendations on distribution of tax revenues between the Union and the States and amongst the States themselves.
Its working is characterized by extensive and intensive consultations with all levels of governments, thus strengthening the principle of cooperative federalism.
Functions
It is the duty of the Commission to make recommendations to the President as to—
the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds;
the principles which should govern the grants-in-aid of the revenues of the States out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Municipalities in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State; any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of sound finance.
Composition As per the provisions contained in the Finance Commission [Miscellaneous Provisions] Act, 1951 and The Finance Commission (Salaries & Allowances) Rules, 1951, the Chairman of the Commission is selected from among persons who have had experience in public affairs, and the four other members are selected from among persons who–
· are, or have been, or are qualified to be appointed as Judges of a High Court; or
· have special knowledge of the finances and accounts of Government; or
· have had wide experience in financial matters and in administration; or
· have special knowledge of economics
Context: The government appointed former Niti Aayog vice chairman, Arvind Panagariya as the chairman of the Sixteenth Finance Commission
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Correct It is a Constitutionally mandated body that is at the center of fiscal federalism. It is constituted by the President under article 280 of the Constitution, mainly to give its recommendations on distribution of tax revenues between the Union and the States and amongst the States themselves.
Its working is characterized by extensive and intensive consultations with all levels of governments, thus strengthening the principle of cooperative federalism.
Functions
It is the duty of the Commission to make recommendations to the President as to—
the distribution between the Union and the States of the net proceeds of taxes which are to be, or may be, divided between them and the allocation between the States of the respective shares of such proceeds;
the principles which should govern the grants-in-aid of the revenues of the States out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State;
the measures needed to augment the Consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Municipalities in the State on the basis of the recommendations made by the Finance Commission of the State; any other matter referred to the Commission by the President in the interests of sound finance.
Composition As per the provisions contained in the Finance Commission [Miscellaneous Provisions] Act, 1951 and The Finance Commission (Salaries & Allowances) Rules, 1951, the Chairman of the Commission is selected from among persons who have had experience in public affairs, and the four other members are selected from among persons who–
· are, or have been, or are qualified to be appointed as Judges of a High Court; or
· have special knowledge of the finances and accounts of Government; or
· have had wide experience in financial matters and in administration; or
· have special knowledge of economics
Context: The government appointed former Niti Aayog vice chairman, Arvind Panagariya as the chairman of the Sixteenth Finance Commission
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
‘Salton Sea’ which was recently in news is located in
Correct
Solution (a)
About Salton Sea
- It is a shallow, saline lake located in the lower Colorado Desert, southern California, USA.
- It is a geological depression tucked between mountain ranges and lying below sea level.
Formation:
- The area that is now the lake was formerly a salt-covered sink or depression (a remnant of prehistoric Lake Cahuilla) about 280 feet (85 metres) below sea level until 1905–06, when diversion controls on the Colorado River broke a few miles below the California-Mexico border and floodwaters rushed northward, filling the depression.
- Subsequent deepening of the sink was stopped in 1907, when a line of protective levees was built.
- It is currently 228 feet below sea level.
- It covers an area of 970 square km and includes 130 miles of shoreline.
- It has an average depth of 29.9 feet and, at its deepest, 51 feet.
- Its salinity (some 45 parts per thousand) far exceeds that of seawater.
- The Salton Sea is an important stopping point for migratory waterfowl and serves as critical habitat for birds moving south to Mexico and Central America.
Context: The U.S. Department of Energy recently discovered the world’s largest Lithium reserve beneath California’s Salton Sea.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
About Salton Sea
- It is a shallow, saline lake located in the lower Colorado Desert, southern California, USA.
- It is a geological depression tucked between mountain ranges and lying below sea level.
Formation:
- The area that is now the lake was formerly a salt-covered sink or depression (a remnant of prehistoric Lake Cahuilla) about 280 feet (85 metres) below sea level until 1905–06, when diversion controls on the Colorado River broke a few miles below the California-Mexico border and floodwaters rushed northward, filling the depression.
- Subsequent deepening of the sink was stopped in 1907, when a line of protective levees was built.
- It is currently 228 feet below sea level.
- It covers an area of 970 square km and includes 130 miles of shoreline.
- It has an average depth of 29.9 feet and, at its deepest, 51 feet.
- Its salinity (some 45 parts per thousand) far exceeds that of seawater.
- The Salton Sea is an important stopping point for migratory waterfowl and serves as critical habitat for birds moving south to Mexico and Central America.
Context: The U.S. Department of Energy recently discovered the world’s largest Lithium reserve beneath California’s Salton Sea.
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
With reference to ‘XPoSat mission’ consider the following statements
- XPoSat is a collaborative project between ISRO and NASA
- The XPoSAT mission launched using Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV).
- India became the third nation in the world to send an observatory to study black holes and neutron stars.
How many statement(s) given above are correct
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Correct Incorrect XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite) is India’s first dedicated polarimetry mission to study various dynamics of bright astronomical X-ray sources in extreme conditions. The mission helps in comprehending the emission processes from various astronomical sources like black holes, neutron stars, active galactic nuclei, and pulsar wind nebulae.
Space based observatories are also unable to give information about the exact nature of the emission from such sources. Therefore, newer devices can measure specific properties.
The XPoSAT mission launch also marked the 60th flight of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). The spacecraft will carry two scientific payloads in a low earth orbit. The primary payload POLIX (Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays) will measure the polarimetry parameters.
The XSPECT (X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing) payload will give spectroscopic information in the energy range of 0.8-15 keV.
After this launch, India became the second nation after the US to send an observatory to study astronomical sources, such as black holes, and neutron stars, among others. XPoSat’s payloads
Context: Recently, the Indian Space Research Organisation successfully launched the PSLV-C58 XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite) mission.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Correct Incorrect XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite) is India’s first dedicated polarimetry mission to study various dynamics of bright astronomical X-ray sources in extreme conditions. The mission helps in comprehending the emission processes from various astronomical sources like black holes, neutron stars, active galactic nuclei, and pulsar wind nebulae.
Space based observatories are also unable to give information about the exact nature of the emission from such sources. Therefore, newer devices can measure specific properties.
The XPoSAT mission launch also marked the 60th flight of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). The spacecraft will carry two scientific payloads in a low earth orbit. The primary payload POLIX (Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays) will measure the polarimetry parameters.
The XSPECT (X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing) payload will give spectroscopic information in the energy range of 0.8-15 keV.
After this launch, India became the second nation after the US to send an observatory to study astronomical sources, such as black holes, and neutron stars, among others. XPoSat’s payloads
Context: Recently, the Indian Space Research Organisation successfully launched the PSLV-C58 XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite) mission.
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