Ethics Theory, TLP-UPSC Mains Answer Writing
Q.3. Differentiate between aptitude and moral competence. In the context of public service, evaluate which one plays a more decisive role in ensuring ethical and effective governance. (150 words, 10 marks)
Introduction
Aptitude is the ability to perform tasks efficiently, while moral competence is the capacity to act ethically. In public service, both are vital, but their impact on ethical and effective governance differs significantly.
Body
Differentiation between Aptitude and Moral Competence
- Capability vs. Conscience: Aptitude is cognitive ability; moral competence guides ethical decisions with empathy and integrity.
Example: Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak showed aptitude in innovation and moral strength in uplifting sanitation workers.
- How to act vs. Whether to act: Aptitude finds efficient methods; moral competence filters them through ethical judgment.
Example: A Telangana officer stopped a highway project harming tribal land despite pressure.
- Can be taught vs. Must be nurtured: Aptitude is trainable; moral competence stems from personal values and upbringing.
Example: Schools teach aptitude, but moral clarity grows from family and internal ethics.
- Performance vs. Principles: Aptitude boosts outcomes; moral competence ensures outcomes serve public good.
Example: Aruna Roy used both bureaucratic skill and ethical vision to strengthen RTI.
Moral competence plays the more decisive role
- Protects democracy: It ensures governance is just, fair, and rooted in public interest. Example: E. Sreedharan maintained transparency while leading the Delhi Metro project.
- 2. Restrains power misuse: Moral compass prevents corruption and authoritarian tendencies.
Example: Kiran Bedi upheld ethical policing even under political strain.
3. Provides clarity in grey zones: Ethics fill gaps where law and rules fall short.
Example: An Odisha collector resisted forced displacement of tribal communities.
4. Inspires servant leadership: Moral competence places people before power and ego.
Example: Dr. Verghese Kurien built institutions serving farmers, not profit.
5. Builds long-term trust: Ethical governance earns public confidence and legitimacy.
Example: Raghuram Rajan prioritized reform over populism at the RBI.
6. Balances empathy with efficiency: It ensures human impact is factored into decisions.
Example: A Kerala IAS officer paused evictions during floods to protect the poor.
Conclusion
As Theodore Roosevelt said, “To educate a person in the mind but not in morals is to educate a menace to society.” Moral competence is ultimately more decisive, as it upholds justice, trust, and the soul of ethical governance.
