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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.

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Question 1 of 5

1. Question

Consider the following statements about Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells

While Prokaryotic cells are always unicellular, Eukaryotic cells are either unicellular or multicellular.
Eukaryotic cells have several membrane-bound organelles that are not found in prokaryotic cells.
While Bacteria and Archaea are examples of Prokaryotes, Plant and animal cells are examples of Eukaryotic cells.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

a) Only one
b) Only two
c) All three
d) None of the above

Correct

Solution (c)

Statement Analysis

Statement 1

Statement 2

Statement 3

Correct

Endosymbiotic Theory

· The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in today’s eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes.

· In this theory, the first eukaryotic cell was probably an amoeba-like cell that got nutrients by phagocytosis and contained a nucleus that formed when a piece of the cytoplasmic membrane pinched off around the chromosomes.

· Some of these amoeba-like organisms ingested prokaryotic cells that then survived within the organism and developed a symbiotic relationship.

· Mitochondria formed when bacteria capable of aerobic respiration were ingested; chloroplasts formed when photosynthetic bacteria were ingested. They eventually lost their cell wall and much of their DNA because they were not of benefit within the host cell.

· The endosymbiotic theory describes how a large host cell and ingested bacteria could easily become dependent on one another for survival, resulting in a permanent relationship.

· Over millions of years of evolution, mitochondria and chloroplasts have become more specialized, and today they cannot live outside the cell.

Context: Two papers published recently have generated new interest in the endosymbiotic theory.

Incorrect

Solution (c)

Statement Analysis

Statement 1

Statement 2

Statement 3

Correct

Endosymbiotic Theory

· The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in today’s eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes.

· Some of these amoeba-like organisms ingested prokaryotic cells that then survived within the organism and developed a symbiotic relationship.

· The endosymbiotic theory describes how a large host cell and ingested bacteria could easily become dependent on one another for survival, resulting in a permanent relationship.

· Over millions of years of evolution, mitochondria and chloroplasts have become more specialized, and today they cannot live outside the cell.

Context: Two papers published recently have generated new interest in the endosymbiotic theory.

Question 2 of 5

2. Question

Consider the following types of notices issued by Interpol

Notice	Purpose
Yellow Notice	To provide warning about a person’s criminal activities
Black Notice	To arrest a person wanted in prosecution
Red Notice	To seek information on unidentified bodies.

How many of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

a) Only one
b) Only two
c) All three
d) None

Correct

Solution (d)

Option d

Correct

· There are seven types of notices — Red Notice, Yellow Notice, Blue Notice, Black Notice, Green Notice, Orange Notice, and Purple Notice. Each has a different implication.

· Red Notice: To seek the location and arrest of persons wanted for prosecution or to serve a sentence.

· Yellow Notice: To help locate missing persons, often minors, or to help identify persons who are unable to identify themselves.

· Blue Notice: To collect additional information about a person’s identity, location or activities in relation to a criminal investigation.

· Black Notice: To seek information on unidentified bodies.

· Green Notice: To provide warning about a person’s criminal activities, where the person is considered to be a possible threat to public safety.

· Orange Notice: To warn of an event, a person, an object or a process representing a serious and imminent threat to public safety.

· Purple Notice: To seek or provide information on modus operandi, objects, devices and concealment methods used by criminals.

· These notices are issued by the Interpol’s General Secretariat at the request of a member country’s Interpol National Central Bureau, and are made available for all member countries.

Blue Corner Notice

· It is a part of Interpol’s elaborate system of colour-coded notices, which enable countries to “share alerts and requests for information [on wanted persons/crimes] worldwide”.

· This sharing of critical crime-related information is crucial for tackling internationally spread out criminal activities.

Context: The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is likely to issue a Blue Corner notice against a political Party MP who fled to Germany on a diplomatic passport after allegations of sexual abuse.

Incorrect

Solution (d)

Option d

Correct

· There are seven types of notices — Red Notice, Yellow Notice, Blue Notice, Black Notice, Green Notice, Orange Notice, and Purple Notice. Each has a different implication.

· Red Notice: To seek the location and arrest of persons wanted for prosecution or to serve a sentence.

· Yellow Notice: To help locate missing persons, often minors, or to help identify persons who are unable to identify themselves.

· Blue Notice: To collect additional information about a person’s identity, location or activities in relation to a criminal investigation.

· Black Notice: To seek information on unidentified bodies.

· Green Notice: To provide warning about a person’s criminal activities, where the person is considered to be a possible threat to public safety.

· Orange Notice: To warn of an event, a person, an object or a process representing a serious and imminent threat to public safety.

· Purple Notice: To seek or provide information on modus operandi, objects, devices and concealment methods used by criminals.

· These notices are issued by the Interpol’s General Secretariat at the request of a member country’s Interpol National Central Bureau, and are made available for all member countries.

Blue Corner Notice

· It is a part of Interpol’s elaborate system of colour-coded notices, which enable countries to “share alerts and requests for information [on wanted persons/crimes] worldwide”.

· This sharing of critical crime-related information is crucial for tackling internationally spread out criminal activities.

Question 3 of 5

3. Question

Consider the following statements about Lakshya Aircraft

It is a re-usable high subsonic aerial target system powered by a gas turbine engine.
It is an indigenously developed micro-light and pilot-less target aircraft.
It is designed and developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).

How many of the statements given above are correct?

a) Only one
b) Only two
c) All three
d) None of the above

Correct

Solution (b)

Statement Analysis

Statement 1

Statement 2

Statement 3

Correct

Incorrect

· It is a cost-effective re-usable high subsonic aerial target system powered by a gas turbine engine.

· The engine is designed and manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) in Bangalore.

· It is required for evaluation and development trials of new surface-to-air and air-to-air weapon systems.

· It is an indigenously developed micro-light and pilot-less target aircraft.

· It carries two tow targets of tow lengths of 1.5 km each, having radar, IR or visual signature augmentation, and a Miss Distance Indication Scoring System.

· These tow targets are used for training of land- or ship-based gun and missile crew and combat aircraft pilots in weapon engagement.

· It was designed to launch either from land or sea through a zero-length launcher and be recovered by a dual stage parachute system.

· It designed and built by the Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE), a subsidiary of the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), for the Indian Armed Forces.

· The Lakshya was inducted into the Indian Air Force, Indian Navy, and Indian Army in 2000, 2001, and 2003, respectively.

· The Lakshya can be controlled from the ground control station (GCS) through pre-programmed hardware and software systems.

· Designed to be reused for 15 missions, the aircraft can spiflicate airborne incoming enemy targets.

Context: Aeronautical Development Establishment, a Bengaluru-based DRDO lab that developed the Lakshya aircraft, has been visited by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).