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The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year.
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The following Test is based on the syllabus of 60 Days Plan-2022 for UPSC IAS Prelims 2022.
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Consider the following statements regarding Mahajanpadas:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
| Correct | Correct |
| Magadha was a monarchy as there was rule of one person.
Vajji was under a different form of government, known as gana or sangha. |
Both the Buddha and Mahavira belonged to ganas or sanghas.
The Buddha belonged to the Sakya gana and Mahavira belonged to Jantrica clan which belonged to Vajji Sangha. |
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
| Correct | Correct |
| Magadha was a monarchy as there was rule of one person.
Vajji was under a different form of government, known as gana or sangha. |
Both the Buddha and Mahavira belonged to ganas or sanghas.
The Buddha belonged to the Sakya gana and Mahavira belonged to Jantrica clan which belonged to Vajji Sangha. |
Consider the following statements regarding Pre-Historic India:
Stone tools were used for
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (d)
Explanation:
Stone tools have been used for:
Solution (d)
Explanation:
Stone tools have been used for:
Which of the following sites are identified as a Neolithic Sites?
Select the correct answer using the code given below.:
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Correct | Correct | Incorrect | Incorrect |
| Neolithic Site | Neolithic Site | Paleolithic Site | Chalcolithic Site |
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Correct | Correct | Incorrect | Incorrect |
| Neolithic Site | Neolithic Site | Paleolithic Site | Chalcolithic Site |
Consider the following statements with regard to the Harappan script:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
| Incorrect | Correct |
| Harappan writing has been found on the variety of objects such as seals, copper tools, rims of jars, copper and terracotta tablets, jewellery, bone rods, even an ancient signboard. | Although the Harappan script remains undeciphered to date, it was evidently not alphabetical (where each sign stands for a vowel or a consonant) as it has just too many signs – somewhere between 375 and 400.
It is apparent that the script was written from right to left as some seals show a wider spacing on the right and cramping on the left, as if the engraver began working from the right and then ran out of space. |
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
| Incorrect | Correct |
| Harappan writing has been found on the variety of objects such as seals, copper tools, rims of jars, copper and terracotta tablets, jewellery, bone rods, even an ancient signboard. | Although the Harappan script remains undeciphered to date, it was evidently not alphabetical (where each sign stands for a vowel or a consonant) as it has just too many signs – somewhere between 375 and 400.
It is apparent that the script was written from right to left as some seals show a wider spacing on the right and cramping on the left, as if the engraver began working from the right and then ran out of space. |
Arrange the following Mahajanapadas from North to South:
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Statement 1 | Statement 4 | Statement 3 | Statement 2 |
| Gandhara | Kuru | Magadha | Avanti |
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Statement 1 | Statement 4 | Statement 3 | Statement 2 |
| Gandhara | Kuru | Magadha | Avanti |
Arrange the following periods in Indian Archaeology chronologically:
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 | Statement 1 |
| Neolithic Period | Chalcolithic Period | Harappan Civilization | Megalithic Burials |
| 10000 BCE | 6000 BCE | 2600 BCE | 1000 BCE |
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 | Statement 1 |
| Neolithic Period | Chalcolithic Period | Harappan Civilization | Megalithic Burials |
| 10000 BCE | 6000 BCE | 2600 BCE | 1000 BCE |
Consider the following statements with regard to coins in Ancient India:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect |
| Coins were issued by Mauryas, in fact, Punch-marked coins made of silver and copper (6th century BCE onwards) were amongst the earliest to be minted and used. | The first coins to bear the names and images of rulers were issued by the Indo-Greeks, who established control over the north-western part of the subcontinent (2nd century BCE). | Much before the Guptas, Kushanas issued gold coins in the ancient India (1st century CE). |
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect |
| Coins were issued by Mauryas, in fact, Punch-marked coins made of silver and copper (6th century BCE onwards) were amongst the earliest to be minted and used. | The first coins to bear the names and images of rulers were issued by the Indo-Greeks, who established control over the north-western part of the subcontinent (2nd century BCE). | Much before the Guptas, Kushanas issued gold coins in the ancient India (1st century CE). |
Consider the following pairs of Indus Valley Sites and their location in India:
Indus Valley Site Located in
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Correct | Correct |
| Kalibangan – Rajasthan | Dholavira – Gujarat | Rakhigarhi – Haryana | Ropar – Punjab |
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Correct | Correct |
| Kalibangan – Rajasthan | Dholavira – Gujarat | Rakhigarhi – Haryana | Ropar – Punjab |
If a foreign traveler comes to India during the Mauryan age, which of the following forms of worship he would have encountered among the people living in India?
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Correct | Correct | Correct |
| Sixth century BCE marks the beginning of new religious and social movements in the Gangetic valley in the form of Buddhism and Jainism which were part of the Shraman tradition. | Yaksha worship was also prevalent during this time. | Worship of mother goddess also existed. |
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Correct | Correct | Correct |
| Sixth century BCE marks the beginning of new religious and social movements in the Gangetic valley in the form of Buddhism and Jainism which were part of the Shraman tradition. | Yaksha worship was also prevalent during this time. | Worship of mother goddess also existed. |
With reference to the land classification of Gupta period, consider the following pairs:
Term Meaning
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Correct |
| Vasti – Habitable Land | Aprahata – Forest Land | Gapata Saraha – Pastoral Land |
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Correct |
| Vasti – Habitable Land | Aprahata – Forest Land | Gapata Saraha – Pastoral Land |
With reference to Chola administration, which of the following is incorrect?
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| a) | b) | c) | d) |
| Correct | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| Agraharas were the villages settled by the Brahmanas. | Most of the land was rent-free in agraharas. | These villages enjoyed a large measure of autonomy. | Gathering of adult men in these villages was called mahasabha. |
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| a) | b) | c) | d) |
| Correct | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| Agraharas were the villages settled by the Brahmanas. | Most of the land was rent-free in agraharas. | These villages enjoyed a large measure of autonomy. | Gathering of adult men in these villages was called mahasabha. |
In the context of Rigvedic society, consider the following statements:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Incorrect | Incorrect | Incorrect | Incorrect |
| In Rigvedic times land was not established as private property and no mention of land grants is found and gifts made to priestly class usually consist of Cows, Women slaves but never of Land. | The term Verna was used for colour but it did not have any racial connotations. Many western scholars have exaggerated racial distinctions associated with verna but only Intra-tribal and Inter-tribal conflicts were prevalent. | No system of taxes and tax collection was well established in Rigvedic time. No officer was appointed for tax collection however the tribal chiefs received voluntary offerings from people called ‘Bali’. | The society was still tribal yet egalitarian with political and social freedoms to women. But references to Slaves are found very repeatedly. There were mainly women slaves gifted to priests for domestic purposes and slaves were not used for agriculture or any other acts of Production. |
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Incorrect | Incorrect | Incorrect | Incorrect |
| In Rigvedic times land was not established as private property and no mention of land grants is found and gifts made to priestly class usually consist of Cows, Women slaves but never of Land. | The term Verna was used for colour but it did not have any racial connotations. Many western scholars have exaggerated racial distinctions associated with verna but only Intra-tribal and Inter-tribal conflicts were prevalent. | No system of taxes and tax collection was well established in Rigvedic time. No officer was appointed for tax collection however the tribal chiefs received voluntary offerings from people called ‘Bali’. | The society was still tribal yet egalitarian with political and social freedoms to women. But references to Slaves are found very repeatedly. There were mainly women slaves gifted to priests for domestic purposes and slaves were not used for agriculture or any other acts of Production. |
Consider the following statements regarding Palas:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Correct | Correct | Correct |
| Pala ruler, Dharampala, revived Nalanada University and founded Vikramshila university. | Palas supported and provided patronage to Buddhism, Shaivism and Vaishnavism. | The rule of Palas brought growth in prosperity of Bengal, which helped in extending trade and cultural contacts with countries of Southeast Asia – Burma, Malaya, Java, Sumatra, etc. |
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Correct | Correct | Correct |
| Pala ruler, Dharampala, revived Nalanada University and founded Vikramshila university. | Palas supported and provided patronage to Buddhism, Shaivism and Vaishnavism. | The rule of Palas brought growth in prosperity of Bengal, which helped in extending trade and cultural contacts with countries of Southeast Asia – Burma, Malaya, Java, Sumatra, etc. |
Which of the following statements is/are incorrect regarding Satvahanas?
Select the answer using the code given below:
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Incorrect | Correct |
| The official language of Satvahanas was Prakrit. All inscriptions were composed in this language and written in Brhami script. | The Satavahanas patronized Buddhism and Brahmanism both. They also paid liberal sacrificial fees to the Brahmanas and worshipped a large number of Vaishnava gods such as Krishna, Vasudeva and others. | In the Satvahanas phase, many temples and monasteries were cut out of the solid rock. The two common structures were the temple which was called chaityas and the monastery was called viharas. |
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Incorrect | Correct |
| The official language of Satvahanas was Prakrit. All inscriptions were composed in this language and written in Brhami script. | The Satavahanas patronized Buddhism and Brahmanism both. They also paid liberal sacrificial fees to the Brahmanas and worshipped a large number of Vaishnava gods such as Krishna, Vasudeva and others. | In the Satvahanas phase, many temples and monasteries were cut out of the solid rock. The two common structures were the temple which was called chaityas and the monastery was called viharas. |
Which of the following statements are correct regarding the Gupta empire?
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Correct | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| 1. The Mehrauli iron pillar inscriptions mention the extensive conquests of Chandragupta-II. | 2. Chinese traveller Fa-Hein visited India during the reign of Chandragupta-II. | Chandragupta-II had not killed the king of Vakataka, Rudrasena-II. In fact, he extended the Gupta empire by a judicious combination of diplomacy and warfare. He gave his daughter Prabhavati in marriage to the Vakataka prince Rudrasena-II. This alliance served a useful purpose when Chandragupta-II undertook his campaign in western India against the Sakas. | 4. Kalidasa was contemporary of Chandragupta-II. |
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Correct | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| 1. The Mehrauli iron pillar inscriptions mention the extensive conquests of Chandragupta-II. | 2. Chinese traveller Fa-Hein visited India during the reign of Chandragupta-II. | Chandragupta-II had not killed the king of Vakataka, Rudrasena-II. In fact, he extended the Gupta empire by a judicious combination of diplomacy and warfare. He gave his daughter Prabhavati in marriage to the Vakataka prince Rudrasena-II. This alliance served a useful purpose when Chandragupta-II undertook his campaign in western India against the Sakas. | 4. Kalidasa was contemporary of Chandragupta-II. |
In the context of Indian history, consider the following pairs:
List-I (Mahajanapadas) List-II (Capitals)
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| Anga – Champa | Kosala – Shravasti | Vasta – Kaushambi | Kapilavastu – Piprahwa |
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 | Statement 4 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| Anga – Champa | Kosala – Shravasti | Vasta – Kaushambi | Kapilavastu – Piprahwa |
With respect to Ashoka’s links to Buddhism, which of the following statement is/are incorrect?
Select the answer using the code given below:
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Incorrect | Correct |
| Ashoka was the royal patron of 3rd Buddhist council which was held at Patliputra. Here Abhidhamma Pitaka was compiled and it was decided that missionaries will be sent to various parts of the world. Hinayana and Mahayana came into existence after 4th Buddhist council. | Ashoka had given royal patronage to Buddhism and there were many legends associated with him. So to strengthen the legend of Ashoka Buddhist writers used many fictions thus making his biography inaccurate. | Ashoka became inclined towards Buddhism after Kalinga war. In the process to spread Buddhism he sent his son Mahindra and daughter Sanghamitra to Sri Lanka as Buddhist missionaries. |
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Incorrect | Correct |
| Ashoka was the royal patron of 3rd Buddhist council which was held at Patliputra. Here Abhidhamma Pitaka was compiled and it was decided that missionaries will be sent to various parts of the world. Hinayana and Mahayana came into existence after 4th Buddhist council. | Ashoka had given royal patronage to Buddhism and there were many legends associated with him. So to strengthen the legend of Ashoka Buddhist writers used many fictions thus making his biography inaccurate. | Ashoka became inclined towards Buddhism after Kalinga war. In the process to spread Buddhism he sent his son Mahindra and daughter Sanghamitra to Sri Lanka as Buddhist missionaries. |
Consider the following statements, with reference to the Saka ruler Rudradaman I:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Correct |
| Rudradaman I (130-150 A.D.) ruled over Western India in Sindh, Kutch and Gujarat. He also recovered from Satvahanas, the Konkan, the Narmada valley, Malwa and Kathiawar. | Rudradaman I undertook the repairs of Sudarsana Lake in the semi-arid zone of Kathiawar. The lake was man-made and was built during Maurya rule. It was used for irrigation since then. | Rudradaman I was a great lover of Sanskrit language. Although he was a foreigner settled in India, he issued the first ever long inscription in chaste Sanskrit at Junagadh rock inscriptions. Before that longer inscriptions were composed in Prakrit language. |
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Correct |
| Rudradaman I (130-150 A.D.) ruled over Western India in Sindh, Kutch and Gujarat. He also recovered from Satvahanas, the Konkan, the Narmada valley, Malwa and Kathiawar. | Rudradaman I undertook the repairs of Sudarsana Lake in the semi-arid zone of Kathiawar. The lake was man-made and was built during Maurya rule. It was used for irrigation since then. | Rudradaman I was a great lover of Sanskrit language. Although he was a foreigner settled in India, he issued the first ever long inscription in chaste Sanskrit at Junagadh rock inscriptions. Before that longer inscriptions were composed in Prakrit language. |
Dasharadnya Yuddha or Battle of Ten Kings was fought during the later vedic period on which of the following ancient rivers?
Solution (d)
Explanation:
The Battle of the Ten Kings or Dasharadnya Yuddha is a battle alluded to in the Rigveda. The battle of ten kings was between Sudas, a Bharata king of the Tritsu family and the confederacy of ten well-known tribes- Puru, Yadu, Turvasa, Anu, Druhyu, Alina, Paktha, Bhalanas, Shiva and Vishanin. The battle took place near the Parushni river also known as Ravi River in Punjab.
Solution (d)
Explanation:
The Battle of the Ten Kings or Dasharadnya Yuddha is a battle alluded to in the Rigveda. The battle of ten kings was between Sudas, a Bharata king of the Tritsu family and the confederacy of ten well-known tribes- Puru, Yadu, Turvasa, Anu, Druhyu, Alina, Paktha, Bhalanas, Shiva and Vishanin. The battle took place near the Parushni river also known as Ravi River in Punjab.
Consider the following statements regarding Alexander’s invasion:
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect |
| Alexander was from Macedonia. He conquered whole of Persia before entering India. First Persian king to lead an expedition to India was Cyrus (558-530 BC), who captured Gandhara region. | The Famous battle between Alexander the Great and Porus was fought on the banks of river Hydaspes (Jhelum). In this battle Alexander’s army defeat Porus, but Alexander was impressed by the courage and heroism of Porus, so he treated him generously and reinstated him on his throne. | Hathigumpha inscription was found in Udaygiri near Bhubaneswar. It talks about the conquest of Kalinga by Nandas. It is indicative of geographical extent of Nandas. |
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Incorrect | Correct | Incorrect |
| Alexander was from Macedonia. He conquered whole of Persia before entering India. First Persian king to lead an expedition to India was Cyrus (558-530 BC), who captured Gandhara region. | The Famous battle between Alexander the Great and Porus was fought on the banks of river Hydaspes (Jhelum). In this battle Alexander’s army defeat Porus, but Alexander was impressed by the courage and heroism of Porus, so he treated him generously and reinstated him on his throne. | Hathigumpha inscription was found in Udaygiri near Bhubaneswar. It talks about the conquest of Kalinga by Nandas. It is indicative of geographical extent of Nandas. |
Consider the following statement regarding ‘Flex Fuel Vehicles’
Choose the correct statements:
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
| Correct | Incorrect |
| A flexible-fuel vehicle (FFV) or dual-fuel vehicle (colloquially called a flex-fuel vehicle) is an alternative fuel vehicle with an internal combustion engine designed to run on more than one fuel, usually gasoline blended with either ethanol or methanol fuel, and both fuels are stored in the same common tank. | Flex-fuel vehicles are distinguished from bi-fuel vehicles, where two fuels are stored in separate tanks and the engine runs on one fuel at a time, for example, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or hydrogen. |
Context – Government issued advisory to carmakers to introduce flex-fuel vehicles
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
| Correct | Incorrect |
| A flexible-fuel vehicle (FFV) or dual-fuel vehicle (colloquially called a flex-fuel vehicle) is an alternative fuel vehicle with an internal combustion engine designed to run on more than one fuel, usually gasoline blended with either ethanol or methanol fuel, and both fuels are stored in the same common tank. | Flex-fuel vehicles are distinguished from bi-fuel vehicles, where two fuels are stored in separate tanks and the engine runs on one fuel at a time, for example, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or hydrogen. |
Context – Government issued advisory to carmakers to introduce flex-fuel vehicles
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA)’
Select the correct answer using the code give below
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA) is an initiative of Ministry of Education (MoE), Govt. of India to systematically rank all major higher educational institutions and universities in India | It is an initiative of Ministry of Education | It ranks institutions based on on indicators related to “Innovation and Entrepreneurship Development” amongst students and faculties. |
Context – ARIIA 2021 rankings were released
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA) is an initiative of Ministry of Education (MoE), Govt. of India to systematically rank all major higher educational institutions and universities in India | It is an initiative of Ministry of Education | It ranks institutions based on on indicators related to “Innovation and Entrepreneurship Development” amongst students and faculties. |
Context – ARIIA 2021 rankings were released
With reference to ‘New Development Bank’, consider the following statements
Which of the given statement(s) above is/are correct?
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| It is a multilateral development bank operated by the BRICS states (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). It is headquartered in Shanghai, China. | The initial subscribed capital of the bank was equally distributed among the founding members. The Agreement on the NDB specifies that every member will have one vote no one would have any veto powers | Bank’s Articles of Agreement specify that all members of the United Nations could be members of the bank, however the share of the BRICS nations can never be less than 55% of voting power. |
Context – India welcomed Egypt’s entry as the fourth new member of the New Development Bank (NDB)
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 | Statement 3 |
| Correct | Incorrect | Correct |
| It is a multilateral development bank operated by the BRICS states (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). It is headquartered in Shanghai, China. | The initial subscribed capital of the bank was equally distributed among the founding members. The Agreement on the NDB specifies that every member will have one vote no one would have any veto powers | Bank’s Articles of Agreement specify that all members of the United Nations could be members of the bank, however the share of the BRICS nations can never be less than 55% of voting power. |
Context – India welcomed Egypt’s entry as the fourth new member of the New Development Bank (NDB)
‘1988 sanctions list’ is used in the context of
Solution (b)
This list is maintained by the 1988 Committee, a committee established by the UN Security Council Resolution 1988 (2011). This list contains information on individuals and groups involved with Taliban.
Context – It was in news.
Solution (b)
This list is maintained by the 1988 Committee, a committee established by the UN Security Council Resolution 1988 (2011). This list contains information on individuals and groups involved with Taliban.
Context – It was in news.
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Pralay Missile’
Choose the correct statement(s)
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
| Incorrect | Correct |
| Pralay is a canisterised surface-to-surface tactical short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) for battlefield use developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India. | Pralay is a solid fuel missile that follows a quasi-ballistic trajectory and can perform mid-air manoeuvres using maneuverable reentry vehicle (MaRV) to defeat anti-ballistic missile (ABM) interceptors. |
Context – Maiden flight test of Pralay missile was successfully conducted.
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
| Statement 1 | Statement 2 |
| Incorrect | Correct |
| Pralay is a canisterised surface-to-surface tactical short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) for battlefield use developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India. | Pralay is a solid fuel missile that follows a quasi-ballistic trajectory and can perform mid-air manoeuvres using maneuverable reentry vehicle (MaRV) to defeat anti-ballistic missile (ABM) interceptors. |
Context – Maiden flight test of Pralay missile was successfully conducted.
Study the following table and answer the questions based on it.
| Year | Item of Expenditure | ||||
| Salary | Fuel and Transport | Bonus | Interest on Loans | Taxes | |
| 1998 | 288 | 98 | 3.00 | 23.4 | 83 |
| 1999 | 342 | 112 | 2.52 | 32.5 | 108 |
| 2000 | 324 | 101 | 3.84 | 41.6 | 74 |
| 2001 | 336 | 133 | 3.68 | 36.4 | 88 |
| 2002 | 420 | 142 | 3.96 | 49.4 | 98 |
Q.26) What is the average amount of interest per year which the company had to pay during the whole period?
Solution (d)
Average amount of interest paid by the Company during the given period
= Rs.[23.4 + 32.5 + 41.6 + 36.4 + 49.4]/5
= Rs.[183.3/5] lakhs
= Rs. 36.66 lakhs.
Solution (d)
Average amount of interest paid by the Company during the given period
= Rs.[23.4 + 32.5 + 41.6 + 36.4 + 49.4]/5
= Rs.[183.3/5] lakhs
= Rs. 36.66 lakhs.
Study the following table and answer the questions based on it.
| Year | Item of Expenditure | ||||
| Salary | Fuel and Transport | Bonus | Interest on Loans | Taxes | |
| 1998 | 288 | 98 | 3.00 | 23.4 | 83 |
| 1999 | 342 | 112 | 2.52 | 32.5 | 108 |
| 2000 | 324 | 101 | 3.84 | 41.6 | 74 |
| 2001 | 336 | 133 | 3.68 | 36.4 | 88 |
| 2002 | 420 | 142 | 3.96 | 49.4 | 98 |
The ratio between the total expenditure on Taxes for all the years and the total expenditure on Fuel and Transport for all the years respectively is approximately?
Solution (c)
Required ratio =[(83 + 108 + 74 + 88 + 98)/ (98 + 112 + 101 + 133 + 142)]
=[451/586]
=1/1.3
=10/13
Solution (c)
Required ratio =[(83 + 108 + 74 + 88 + 98)/ (98 + 112 + 101 + 133 + 142)]
=[451/586]
=1/1.3
=10/13
Study the following table and answer the questions based on it.
| Year | Item of Expenditure | ||||
| Salary | Fuel and Transport | Bonus | Interest on Loans | Taxes | |
| 1998 | 288 | 98 | 3.00 | 23.4 | 83 |
| 1999 | 342 | 112 | 2.52 | 32.5 | 108 |
| 2000 | 324 | 101 | 3.84 | 41.6 | 74 |
| 2001 | 336 | 133 | 3.68 | 36.4 | 88 |
| 2002 | 420 | 142 | 3.96 | 49.4 | 98 |
The total amount of bonus paid by the company during the given period is approximately what percent of the total amount of salary paid during this period?
Solution (a)
Required percentage =[(3.00 + 2.52 + 3.84 + 3.68 + 3.96)/(288 + 342 + 324 + 336 + 420)] x 100
=[(17/1710)x 100]%
~= 1%.
Solution (a)
Required percentage =[(3.00 + 2.52 + 3.84 + 3.68 + 3.96)/(288 + 342 + 324 + 336 + 420)] x 100
=[(17/1710)x 100]%
~= 1%.
Study the following table and answer the questions based on it.
| Year | Item of Expenditure | ||||
| Salary | Fuel and Transport | Bonus | Interest on Loans | Taxes | |
| 1998 | 288 | 98 | 3.00 | 23.4 | 83 |
| 1999 | 342 | 112 | 2.52 | 32.5 | 108 |
| 2000 | 324 | 101 | 3.84 | 41.6 | 74 |
| 2001 | 336 | 133 | 3.68 | 36.4 | 88 |
| 2002 | 420 | 142 | 3.96 | 49.4 | 98 |
Total expenditure on all these items in 1998 was approximately what percent of the total expenditure in 2002?
Solution (c)
Required percentage =[(288 + 98 + 3.00 + 23.4 + 83)/ (420 + 142 + 3.96 + 49.4 + 98)]x 100% =[495.4/713.36x 100] %
= ~69.45%.
Solution (c)
Required percentage =[(288 + 98 + 3.00 + 23.4 + 83)/ (420 + 142 + 3.96 + 49.4 + 98)]x 100% =[495.4/713.36x 100] %
= ~69.45%.
Read the following passage and answer the items that follow. Your answer to these items should be based on the passages only
In the end, the hoped-for knight-in-shining armour never arrived and Jet Airways is now in insolvency court. This marks the last act in a long-winded saga that saw the beleaguered airline and its stakeholders lurch from despondency to hope to gloom once again. The debt-laden airline’s troubles began when it defaulted on a loan last December. Hectic salvage attempts at the airline since then have come to naught. Thousands of employees and many operational creditors may end up being the biggest losers in the fiasco.
Among the many factors that led to this state of affairs was the promoter Naresh Goyal’s intransigence on valuation and not ceding majority control — till he was eventually forced out in end-March. Then came the volte-face by the SBI-led lender consortium on its emergency funding commitment of Rs. 1,500 crore, which scuttled the bidding process. The airline’s already truncated operations rapidly unravelled and it stopped flying mid-April. Jet’s assets — prized airport slots, valuable fleet, trained employees — were up for grabs and the competition has since moved in for the kill. Not surprisingly, most potential suitors for Jet Airways backed off and just one conditional bid was received for a minority stake from strategic partner Etihad Airways. Later, the Hinduja Group also threw its hat into the ring. But lenders seem to have found these offers unappealing and have now decided to refer Jet to the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) for insolvency proceedings.
Higher value could have been salvaged for all of Jet’s stakeholders, had the lenders acted sooner and more decisively. The saga as it has played out has been beset with avoidable delays and wrong signals. First, Naresh Goyal was given an inordinately long rope by the lenders which worked to the detriment of everyone else. Thankfully the prospect of a backdoor entry by the promoter was thwarted. But the lenders’ decision to put off the IBC route in favour of a majority equity stake for themselves is difficult to explain. This leads one to wonder whether the need to avoid the bad optics of job losses and fare hikes in the election season was at play. Debt restructuring was a more pragmatic course if they were worried about long delays under IBC but that required lenders to follow through of their emergency funding commitment. It isn’t clear what really changed in a fortnight that the lenders backtracked on that commitment.
Q.30) Which among the following has/have been attributed to the failure of the Jet Airways, as per the given passage?
Solution (d)
Option a is correct since it is stated in the passage that the owner of Jet Airways has been given a lot of chances to revive the airline but it is hard to explain on what basis the person has been given so many opportunities. The lenders should have handled the situation in a better manner. Refer to, “First, Naresh Goyal was given an inordinately long rope by the lenders which worked to the detriment of everyone else. Thankfully the prospect of a backdoor entry by the promoter was thwarted.”
Option b is also correct due to the fact that it is hard to explain why the lenders delayed in referring the case to the National Company Law Tribunal and also they decided to take majority stake without any valid reason. Therefore it has been the case that the lenders have shown lack of judgment in the whole episode. Refer to, “But the lenders’ decision to put off the IBC route in favour of a majority equity stake for themselves is difficult to explain.”
Option c is not correct since it is not correct as per the information given in the passage that SEBI has barred Jet Airways to tap the market for raising funds for the company. Hence this cannot be considered as a reason for the failure of Jet Airways.
This makes Option d the correct choice among the given options.
Solution (d)
Option a is correct since it is stated in the passage that the owner of Jet Airways has been given a lot of chances to revive the airline but it is hard to explain on what basis the person has been given so many opportunities. The lenders should have handled the situation in a better manner. Refer to, “First, Naresh Goyal was given an inordinately long rope by the lenders which worked to the detriment of everyone else. Thankfully the prospect of a backdoor entry by the promoter was thwarted.”
Option b is also correct due to the fact that it is hard to explain why the lenders delayed in referring the case to the National Company Law Tribunal and also they decided to take majority stake without any valid reason. Therefore it has been the case that the lenders have shown lack of judgment in the whole episode. Refer to, “But the lenders’ decision to put off the IBC route in favour of a majority equity stake for themselves is difficult to explain.”
Option c is not correct since it is not correct as per the information given in the passage that SEBI has barred Jet Airways to tap the market for raising funds for the company. Hence this cannot be considered as a reason for the failure of Jet Airways.
This makes Option d the correct choice among the given options.
All the Best
IASbaba
