UPSC Quiz – 2021 : IASbaba’s Daily Current Affairs Quiz 28th October 2021

Solution (c)

The PM Street Vendor’s AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi) scheme was launched by the Central Government to help street vendors access affordable working capital loans for resuming livelihood activities post COVID-19 lockdown.

The scheme is a Central Sector Scheme i.e. fully funded by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs with the following objectives: (i) To facilitate working capital loan up to `10,000; (ii) To incentivize regular repayment; and (iii) To reward digital transactions

The scheme will help formalize the street vendors with above objectives and will open up new opportunities to this sector to move up the economic ladder.

Article Link:

https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/for-delhis-street-vendors-its-not-business-as-usual-after-hc-order/article37171004.ece

Solution (d)

Major Long-Lived Greenhouse Gases and Their Characteristics

Carbon dioxide

Emitted primarily through the burning of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal), solid waste, and trees and wood products. Changes in land use also play a role. Deforestation and soil degradation add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, while forest regrowth takes it out of the atmosphere. 

Methane

Emitted during the production and transport of oil and natural gas as well as coal. Methane emissions also result from livestock and agricultural practices and from the anaerobic decay of organic waste in municipal solid waste landfills.

Nitrous oxide

Emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, as well as during combustion of fossil fuels and solid waste

Fluorinated gases

A group of gases that contain fluorine, including hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride, among other chemicals. These gases are emitted from a variety of industrial processes and commercial and household uses and do not occur naturally. Sometimes used as substitutes for ozone-depleting substances such as chlorofluorocarbons. 

Article Link:

https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/greenhouse-gases

https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/co2-emissions-in-2020-above-decadal-average/article37170747.ece

Solution (c)

The use of the Integrated Phase Classification (IPC) is a landmark in the fight against food insecurity. 

The use of the Integrated Phase Classification (IPC) is a landmark in the fight against food insecurity. Widely accepted by the international community, IPC describes the severity of food emergencies. Based on common standards and language, this five-phase scale is intended to help governments and other humanitarian actors quickly understand a crisis (or potential crisis) and take action.

The IPC allows analysts to classify households and areas according to a five-phase scale.

PHASE 1

Minimal

Households are able to meet essential food and non-food needs without engaging in atypical and unsustainable strategies to access food and income. 

PHASE 2

Stressed

Households have minimally adequate food consumption but are unable to afford some essential non-food expenditures without engaging in stress-coping strategies.

PHASE 3

Crisis

Households either:

– Have food consumption gaps that are reflected by high or above-usual acute malnutrition;

OR

– Are marginally able to meet minimum food needs but only by depleting essential livelihood assets or through crisis-coping strategies. 

PHASE 4

Emergency

Households either:

– Have large food consumption gaps which are reflected in very high acute malnutrition and excess mortality;

OR

– Are able to mitigate large food consumption gaps but only by employing emergency livelihood strategies and asset liquidation.

PHASE 5

Famine

Households have an extreme lack of food and/or other basic needs even after full employment of coping strategies. Starvation, death, destitution, and extremely critical acute malnutrition levels are evident. (For Famine Classification, area needs to have extreme critical levels of acute malnutrition and mortality.)

Article Link:

https://fews.net/sectors-topics/approach/integrated-phase-classification

https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-international/afghans-facing-acute-food-crisis-un/article37170576.ece

https://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/sudan-ipc-acute-food-insecurity-analysis-april-2021-february-2022-issued-may-2021

Solution (c)

E-Visa is mainly issued for the purpose of short term stay in foreign countries.

To get an e-Visa, you don’t have to visit an embassy physically for visa interview.

The only thing you have to have is a passport which is valid for at least 6 months from the date of application.

It is an electronic visa issued to foreign nationals. An E-Visa enables you to enter into a particular country and stay there for a specific period of time. In an E-Visa, all your personal information will be stored electronically. The Visa issuing authority will send you an electronic copy of your visa to your registered email id. E-Visa is mainly issued for the purpose of short term stay in foreign countries.

An applicant can request for an e-Visa to fulfill the below mentioned purposes:

• Tourism purposes.
• Visit of relatives/friends
• Short term business stay.
• Sports activities
• Cultural, scientific or humanitarian activities.

Article Link:

https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/indo-pacific-will-become-centre-of-the-world/article37170730.ece

Solution (b)

The majestic domed structure and a UNESCO World Heritage site, Hagia Sophia is located at Istanbul, Turkey.

It was built by the eastern Roman emperor Justinian I as the Christian cathedral 

In 1453, after the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire, it was converted into a mosque. 

In 1935 the secular Turkish Republic established it as a museum. 

In 2020, it re-opened as a mosque.

Hagia Sophia is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Article Link:

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hagia-Sophia