IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements about Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) Report
- SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament.
- Russia and China collectively possess nearly 90% of all nuclear weapons worldwide.
- India possesses more nuclear weapons than Pakistan.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Correct · The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) is an independent organization dedicated to research in conflict, armaments, arms control, and disarmament. · It was established in 1966 by the Swedish Parliament.
· Vision and Mission – SIPRI envisions a world where sources of insecurity are understood and conflicts are prevented or resolved, aiming to sustain peace through its research and policy recommendations.
· Funding – SIPRI receives a significant portion of its funding from an annual grant from the Swedish Government. It also seeks financial support from other organizations to support its research activities.
· Organizational Structure – SIPRI is governed by a Governing Board and led by a Director and Deputy Director. It has a research staff collegium, support staff, and hosts guest researchers and interns from around the world.
· International Reach and Collaboration – Located in Stockholm, SIPRI serves as a hub for international cooperation among researchers.
· It collaborates with other research centres, intergovernmental organizations like the UN and EU, and hosts delegations and visiting researchers.
· Research and Communication – SIPRI’s research covers a wide range of global security issues and is disseminated through various channels including publications, seminars, conferences, and a monthly newsletter. It aims to influence policy decisions and promote transparency in global security affairs.
· Statutes – SIPRI operates under guiding principles set out in its statutes, adopted by the Swedish Government, which define its objectives and operational framework.
Key findings of the SIPRI Report
· Nuclear-Armed Nations and Modernization – Nine countries continue to modernize their nuclear arsenals: US, Russia, UK, France, China, India, Pakistan, North Korea, and Israel.
· Several of these nations deployed new nuclear-capable weapon systems in 2023.
· India and Pakistan – India had 172 “stored” nuclear warheads as of January 2023 which is more than Pakistan, that possessed 170 nuclear warheads in the same period.
· Both countries expanded their nuclear arsenals slightly in 2023 and they continued developing new types of nuclear delivery systems.
· Operational Alert Status – Approximately 2,100 deployed nuclear warheads were on high operational alert on ballistic missiles.
· The majority of these were held by Russia and the US.
· China is reported to have placed some warheads on high operational alert for the first time.
· Russia and US Dominance – Russia and the US collectively possess nearly 90% of all nuclear weapons worldwide.
· Russia increased its deployed warheads by approximately 36 compared to January 2023.
· China’s Nuclear Arsenal – China’s nuclear stockpile remains significantly smaller than those of Russia and the US, reflecting its strategic approach.
Context: Role of nuclear weapons grows as geopolitical relations deteriorate—new SIPRI Yearbook out now
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Correct · The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) is an independent organization dedicated to research in conflict, armaments, arms control, and disarmament. · It was established in 1966 by the Swedish Parliament.
· Vision and Mission – SIPRI envisions a world where sources of insecurity are understood and conflicts are prevented or resolved, aiming to sustain peace through its research and policy recommendations.
· Funding – SIPRI receives a significant portion of its funding from an annual grant from the Swedish Government. It also seeks financial support from other organizations to support its research activities.
· Organizational Structure – SIPRI is governed by a Governing Board and led by a Director and Deputy Director. It has a research staff collegium, support staff, and hosts guest researchers and interns from around the world.
· International Reach and Collaboration – Located in Stockholm, SIPRI serves as a hub for international cooperation among researchers.
· It collaborates with other research centres, intergovernmental organizations like the UN and EU, and hosts delegations and visiting researchers.
· Research and Communication – SIPRI’s research covers a wide range of global security issues and is disseminated through various channels including publications, seminars, conferences, and a monthly newsletter. It aims to influence policy decisions and promote transparency in global security affairs.
· Statutes – SIPRI operates under guiding principles set out in its statutes, adopted by the Swedish Government, which define its objectives and operational framework.
Key findings of the SIPRI Report
· Nuclear-Armed Nations and Modernization – Nine countries continue to modernize their nuclear arsenals: US, Russia, UK, France, China, India, Pakistan, North Korea, and Israel.
· Several of these nations deployed new nuclear-capable weapon systems in 2023.
· India and Pakistan – India had 172 “stored” nuclear warheads as of January 2023 which is more than Pakistan, that possessed 170 nuclear warheads in the same period.
· Both countries expanded their nuclear arsenals slightly in 2023 and they continued developing new types of nuclear delivery systems.
· Operational Alert Status – Approximately 2,100 deployed nuclear warheads were on high operational alert on ballistic missiles.
· The majority of these were held by Russia and the US.
· China is reported to have placed some warheads on high operational alert for the first time.
· Russia and US Dominance – Russia and the US collectively possess nearly 90% of all nuclear weapons worldwide.
· Russia increased its deployed warheads by approximately 36 compared to January 2023.
· China’s Nuclear Arsenal – China’s nuclear stockpile remains significantly smaller than those of Russia and the US, reflecting its strategic approach.
Context: Role of nuclear weapons grows as geopolitical relations deteriorate—new SIPRI Yearbook out now
-
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements about Defence Acquisition Council (DAC)
- It was formed after the Group of Minister’s recommendations on ‘Reforming the National Security System’, in 2001, post-Kargil War.
- The DAC is the highest decision-making body of the defence Ministry on procurement.
- The Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) is the chairman of DAC.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect Defence Acquisition Council (DAC): · The DAC is the highest decision-making body of the defence Ministry on procurement.
· Objective: To ensure expeditious procurement of the approved requirements of the armed forces.
· Formation: It was formed after the Group of Minister’s recommendations on ‘Reforming the National Security System’, in 2001, post-Kargil War (1999).
Composition:
· The defence minister is the chairman of DAC.
· Its members include the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) and chiefs of the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
Functions:
· Give in-principle approval of a 15 years Long Term Integrated Perspective Plan (LTIPP) for defence forces.
· Accord of acceptance of necessity to acquisition proposals.
· Categorization of the acquisition proposalsrelating to ‘Buy’, ‘Buy & Make’, and ‘Make’.
· Look into issuesrelating to single vendor clearance.
· Take decisions regarding ‘offset’ provisionsin respect of acquisition proposals above Rs 300 crore.
· Take decisions regarding the Transfer of Technologyunder the ‘Buy & Make’ category of acquisition proposals.
· Field trial evaluation.
Context: It was in news.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Incorrect Defence Acquisition Council (DAC): · The DAC is the highest decision-making body of the defence Ministry on procurement.
· Objective: To ensure expeditious procurement of the approved requirements of the armed forces.
· Formation: It was formed after the Group of Minister’s recommendations on ‘Reforming the National Security System’, in 2001, post-Kargil War (1999).
Composition:
· The defence minister is the chairman of DAC.
· Its members include the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) and chiefs of the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
Functions:
· Give in-principle approval of a 15 years Long Term Integrated Perspective Plan (LTIPP) for defence forces.
· Accord of acceptance of necessity to acquisition proposals.
· Categorization of the acquisition proposalsrelating to ‘Buy’, ‘Buy & Make’, and ‘Make’.
· Look into issuesrelating to single vendor clearance.
· Take decisions regarding ‘offset’ provisionsin respect of acquisition proposals above Rs 300 crore.
· Take decisions regarding the Transfer of Technologyunder the ‘Buy & Make’ category of acquisition proposals.
· Field trial evaluation.
Context: It was in news.
-
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements about Sustainable Development Report (SDR)
- The report is annually published by UNDP, which reviews progress made each year on the SDGs since their adoption in 2015.
- Globally, only 16% of the SDG targets are on track to be achieved by 2030, with the remaining 84% showing limited progress or its reversal.
Choose the incorrect statements:
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct Sustainable Development Report (SDR): · It reviews progress made each year on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) since their adoption by the 193 UN Member States in 2015.
· It is annually published by the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN).
Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN)
· The UN SDSN works under the auspices of the UN Secretary-General to mobilize the world’s universities, think tanks, and national laboratories for action on the SDGs and the Paris Agreement; empower societies through free online education; and translate scientific evidence and ideas into solutions and accountability.
· Established in 2012 by the former UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-Moon, and world-renowned economist and professor, Jeffrey Sachs, the SDSN promotes integrated approaches to implement the SDGs and the Paris Agreement, through education, research, policy analysis, and global cooperation.
Highlights of SDR 2024: · Published on the eve of the UN Summit of the Future, the SDR 2024 recommends a set of key reforms to the UN system to meet the challenges of the 21st century.
· Theme: The SDGs and the UN Summit of the Future
· This year’s edition also presents a new index of countries’ support for UN-based multilateralism and discusses long-term pathways to attain sustainable food and land systems.
· This year, Finland, Sweden, and Denmark top the rankings.
· Globally, only 16% of the SDG targets are on track to be achieved by 2030, with the remaining 84% showing limited progress or its reversal.
· The pace of progress varies widely across country groups. Nordic countries continue to lead on SDG achievement, with BRICS demonstrating strong progress and poor and vulnerable nations lagging far behind.
· Sustainable development remains a long-term investment challenge. Reforming the Global Financial Architecture is more urgent than ever.
· SDG targets related to food and land systems are particularly off-track. The SDR presents new FABLE (Food, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Land, and Energy) pathways to support sustainable food and land systems.
Context: The world is way off track on most of the sustainable development targets agreed in 2015, such as tackling poverty and hunger, says the recently released Sustainable Development Report 2024.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Correct Sustainable Development Report (SDR): · It reviews progress made each year on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) since their adoption by the 193 UN Member States in 2015.
· It is annually published by the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN).
Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN)
· The UN SDSN works under the auspices of the UN Secretary-General to mobilize the world’s universities, think tanks, and national laboratories for action on the SDGs and the Paris Agreement; empower societies through free online education; and translate scientific evidence and ideas into solutions and accountability.
· Established in 2012 by the former UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-Moon, and world-renowned economist and professor, Jeffrey Sachs, the SDSN promotes integrated approaches to implement the SDGs and the Paris Agreement, through education, research, policy analysis, and global cooperation.
Highlights of SDR 2024: · Published on the eve of the UN Summit of the Future, the SDR 2024 recommends a set of key reforms to the UN system to meet the challenges of the 21st century.
· Theme: The SDGs and the UN Summit of the Future
· This year’s edition also presents a new index of countries’ support for UN-based multilateralism and discusses long-term pathways to attain sustainable food and land systems.
· This year, Finland, Sweden, and Denmark top the rankings.
· Globally, only 16% of the SDG targets are on track to be achieved by 2030, with the remaining 84% showing limited progress or its reversal.
· The pace of progress varies widely across country groups. Nordic countries continue to lead on SDG achievement, with BRICS demonstrating strong progress and poor and vulnerable nations lagging far behind.
· Sustainable development remains a long-term investment challenge. Reforming the Global Financial Architecture is more urgent than ever.
· SDG targets related to food and land systems are particularly off-track. The SDR presents new FABLE (Food, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Land, and Energy) pathways to support sustainable food and land systems.
Context: The world is way off track on most of the sustainable development targets agreed in 2015, such as tackling poverty and hunger, says the recently released Sustainable Development Report 2024.
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Delos Island, a tiny island “doomed to disappear” within decades due to rising sea levels and geological processes, is located in which of the following water body?
Correct
Solution (d)
Correct
Delos Island:
- It is one of the most important sanctuaries of the ancient Greek and Roman world.
- Location: It is a rocky island, part of the Cyclades archipelago in the Aegean Sea, was first settled in the 3rd millennium B.C. But in the 1st millennium B.C
- It is a UNESCO world heritage site.
- It is found that increasing temperatures combined with high levels of humidity can significantly affect the chemical composition of certain materials used in cultural heritage monuments.
Aegean Sea
- It is located in the East Mediterranian Basin with the Greek peninsula to its west and Anatolia (consisting of the Asian side of Turkey) to its east.
- The Bosphorus and Dardanelles Straits connect the Aegean Sea to the Black Sea and the Marmara Sea respectively.
- The vast majority of the Aegean Islands belong to Greece. The only sizable possessions of Turkey in the Aegean Sea are Imbros (Gökçeada) and Tenedos (Bozcaada), in the northeastern part of the Sea.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Correct
Delos Island:
- It is one of the most important sanctuaries of the ancient Greek and Roman world.
- Location: It is a rocky island, part of the Cyclades archipelago in the Aegean Sea, was first settled in the 3rd millennium B.C. But in the 1st millennium B.C
- It is a UNESCO world heritage site.
- It is found that increasing temperatures combined with high levels of humidity can significantly affect the chemical composition of certain materials used in cultural heritage monuments.
Aegean Sea
- It is located in the East Mediterranian Basin with the Greek peninsula to its west and Anatolia (consisting of the Asian side of Turkey) to its east.
- The Bosphorus and Dardanelles Straits connect the Aegean Sea to the Black Sea and the Marmara Sea respectively.
- The vast majority of the Aegean Islands belong to Greece. The only sizable possessions of Turkey in the Aegean Sea are Imbros (Gökçeada) and Tenedos (Bozcaada), in the northeastern part of the Sea.
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements about National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme
- It is a central sector scheme that aims to bolster forensic capabilities nationally through modern infrastructure and skilled manpower.
- The scheme will be operated by the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Choose the correct statements:
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect · The scheme will be operated by the Union Home Ministry. · The scheme will be a central sector scheme (100% financed by Central Government) with a total outlay of Rs 2254.3 crores.
· The scheme will run from 2024-25 to 2028-29.
Components under the scheme:
· Establishment of campuses of National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU) in India.
· Establishment of Central Forensic Science Laboratories in India.
· Enhancement of existing infrastructure of Delhi Campus of NFSU.
Rationale behind the NFIES Scheme
· New Criminal laws mandates forensic investigation for offences involving punishment of 7 years or more, which is expected to create a significant increase in the workload of forensic science laboratories. Thus, the scheme will create the required infrastructure to address this increased demand for forensic science professionals and laboratories.
· Currently, there is a significant shortage of trained forensic science laboratories in India. The scheme is expected to increase the number of trained forensic professionals in India.
· Establishment of additional off-campuses of National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU) and new Central Forensic Science Laboratories would address shortage of trained manpower.
· Aims to establish an effective and efficient criminal justice system, based on scientific and timely forensic examination of evidence.
Context: The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister has recently approved “National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme” (NFIES).
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect · The scheme will be operated by the Union Home Ministry. · The scheme will be a central sector scheme (100% financed by Central Government) with a total outlay of Rs 2254.3 crores.
· The scheme will run from 2024-25 to 2028-29.
Components under the scheme:
· Establishment of campuses of National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU) in India.
· Establishment of Central Forensic Science Laboratories in India.
· Enhancement of existing infrastructure of Delhi Campus of NFSU.
Rationale behind the NFIES Scheme
· New Criminal laws mandates forensic investigation for offences involving punishment of 7 years or more, which is expected to create a significant increase in the workload of forensic science laboratories. Thus, the scheme will create the required infrastructure to address this increased demand for forensic science professionals and laboratories.
· Currently, there is a significant shortage of trained forensic science laboratories in India. The scheme is expected to increase the number of trained forensic professionals in India.
· Establishment of additional off-campuses of National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU) and new Central Forensic Science Laboratories would address shortage of trained manpower.
· Aims to establish an effective and efficient criminal justice system, based on scientific and timely forensic examination of evidence.
Context: The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister has recently approved “National Forensic Infrastructure Enhancement Scheme” (NFIES).
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