IASbaba Daily Prelims Quiz
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The Current Affairs questions are based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, which are very important sources for UPSC Prelims Exam. The questions are focused on both the concepts and facts. The topics covered here are generally different from what is being covered under ‘Daily Current Affairs/Daily News Analysis (DNA) and Daily Static Quiz’ to avoid duplication. The questions would be published from Monday to Saturday before 2 PM. One should not spend more than 10 minutes on this initiative.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements about ‘Border Adjustment Tax (BAT)’
- BAT is a duty that is proposed to be imposed on imported goods in addition to the customs levy.
- It imposes a charge on goods or services in accordance with the origin principle of taxation.
- BAT aims to ensure a level playing field for both foreign and domestic companies operating within a tax jurisdiction.
Select the correct statement(s)
Correct
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Correct Border Adjustment Tax (BAT) is a duty that is proposed to be imposed on imported goods in addition to the customs levy that gets charged at the port of entry. BAT is a fiscal measure that imposes a charge on goods or services in accordance with the destination principle of taxation. Under this principle, a government taxes products based on the location of their sale to the final consumer rather than on the location of their production or origin.
Generally, BAT seeks to promote “equal conditions of competition” for foreign and domestic companies supplying products or services within a taxing jurisdiction. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules allow for the adjustment of certain types of internal taxes at the border under certain conditions. The main conditions are:
The tax must be applied equally to imports and “like” domestic products.
The tax must be “borne” by a product and not be “direct”.
A permitted border tax adjustment must not subsidize exports.
Context: The European Union seeking to impose the first of its kind tax called the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Incorrect Correct Border Adjustment Tax (BAT) is a duty that is proposed to be imposed on imported goods in addition to the customs levy that gets charged at the port of entry. BAT is a fiscal measure that imposes a charge on goods or services in accordance with the destination principle of taxation. Under this principle, a government taxes products based on the location of their sale to the final consumer rather than on the location of their production or origin.
Generally, BAT seeks to promote “equal conditions of competition” for foreign and domestic companies supplying products or services within a taxing jurisdiction. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules allow for the adjustment of certain types of internal taxes at the border under certain conditions. The main conditions are:
The tax must be applied equally to imports and “like” domestic products.
The tax must be “borne” by a product and not be “direct”.
A permitted border tax adjustment must not subsidize exports.
Context: The European Union seeking to impose the first of its kind tax called the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism.
-
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to ‘Kamakhya Temple’, consider the following statements
Statement 1- There is no idol in the temple, the goddess is worshipped in the form of a stone over which a natural spring flows
Statement 2- Ambubachi Mela festival is held every year to commemorate the yearly menstruation of Goddess Kamakhya.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
About Kamakhya Temple
- It is situated on Nilachal Hill and adjoining the southern bank of the Brahmaputra River in Guwahati, Assam.
- It is one of the most revered centres of Tantric practices.
- It is regarded as one of the oldest of the 51 Shakti Peethas in India.
About Ambubachi Mela:
- The festival symbolises the fertility cult of goddess Kamakhya.
- There is no idol in the temple, the goddess is worshipped in the form of a yoni-like stone over which a natural spring flows.
- Also known as Siddha Kubjika, the goddess is a Hindu tantric goddess of desire who evolved in the Himalayan hills. She is also identified as Kali and Maha Tripura.
- The festival is also known as ‘Mahakumbh of the East’ as it draws lakhs of devotees from all over the world.
Social significance of the festival:
The ritualistic fair celebrating the goddess’ period is one of the reasons why the taboo associated with menstruation is less in Assam compared with other parts of India. The attainment of womanhood of girls in Assam is celebrated with a ritual called ‘Tuloni Biya’, meaning small wedding. Ambubachi Mela serves as an occasion to promote awareness on menstrual hygiene.
Context: Bhutan King began his maiden three-day tour to Assam with a visit to the famed Kamakhya Temple atop the Nilachal Hills in Guwahati.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
About Kamakhya Temple
- It is situated on Nilachal Hill and adjoining the southern bank of the Brahmaputra River in Guwahati, Assam.
- It is one of the most revered centres of Tantric practices.
- It is regarded as one of the oldest of the 51 Shakti Peethas in India.
About Ambubachi Mela:
- The festival symbolises the fertility cult of goddess Kamakhya.
- There is no idol in the temple, the goddess is worshipped in the form of a yoni-like stone over which a natural spring flows.
- Also known as Siddha Kubjika, the goddess is a Hindu tantric goddess of desire who evolved in the Himalayan hills. She is also identified as Kali and Maha Tripura.
- The festival is also known as ‘Mahakumbh of the East’ as it draws lakhs of devotees from all over the world.
Social significance of the festival:
The ritualistic fair celebrating the goddess’ period is one of the reasons why the taboo associated with menstruation is less in Assam compared with other parts of India. The attainment of womanhood of girls in Assam is celebrated with a ritual called ‘Tuloni Biya’, meaning small wedding. Ambubachi Mela serves as an occasion to promote awareness on menstrual hygiene.
Context: Bhutan King began his maiden three-day tour to Assam with a visit to the famed Kamakhya Temple atop the Nilachal Hills in Guwahati.
-
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
With reference to ‘Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)’ consider the following statements
- It is a type of bacteria that can infect the lungs due to severe air pollution.
- pylori infection is a significant risk factor for lung cancer.
Select the INCORRECT statement(s)
Correct
Solution (c)
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Incorrect Helicobacter pylori, often abbreviated as H. pylori, is a type of bacteria that can infect the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine. It is a common bacterial infection associated with various gastrointestinal conditions, including gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining) and peptic ulcers (sores or lesions in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine).
Gastric Cancer Risk: H. pylori infection is a significant risk factor for gastric cancer Increasing Resistance: India faces a growing challenge of clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori strains, resulting in decreased treatment efficacy.
Asymptomatic Infections: While most H. pylori infections are asymptomatic, 10–15% of cases lead to peptic ulcer disorders or stomach cancer.
Prevalence in India: H. pylori infections affect 60-70% of the Indian population, acquired in childhood and persisting if not treated.
Context NICED makes quick detection of drug-resistant H. pylori possible
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Incorrect Helicobacter pylori, often abbreviated as H. pylori, is a type of bacteria that can infect the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine. It is a common bacterial infection associated with various gastrointestinal conditions, including gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining) and peptic ulcers (sores or lesions in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine).
Gastric Cancer Risk: H. pylori infection is a significant risk factor for gastric cancer Increasing Resistance: India faces a growing challenge of clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori strains, resulting in decreased treatment efficacy.
Asymptomatic Infections: While most H. pylori infections are asymptomatic, 10–15% of cases lead to peptic ulcer disorders or stomach cancer.
Prevalence in India: H. pylori infections affect 60-70% of the Indian population, acquired in childhood and persisting if not treated.
Context NICED makes quick detection of drug-resistant H. pylori possible
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
‘Euclid Space Telescope’ which was recently in news is a mission from
Correct
Solution (b)
About Euclid Space Telescope
- The Euclid mission is part of ESA’s Cosmic Vision programme which aims to explore the origin and components of the universe and the fundamental laws that govern it.
- Its main goal is to investigate the “dark side” of the universe, focusing on dark matter and dark energy.
- It was launched on 1 July 2023.
- It is named after the Greek mathematician Euclid of Alexandria, who lived around 300 BC and founded the subject of geometry.
- The Euclid mission will make a 3D map of the universe (with time as the third dimension) by observing billions of galaxies out to 10 billion light-years across more than a third of the sky.
- It will reveal how dark energy has influenced the stretching and separation of matter over cosmic time.
- Spacecraft and instruments:
- The Euclid spacecraft is approximately 4.7 m tall and 3.7 m in diameter. It consists of two major components: the service module and the payload module.
- The payload module comprises a 1.2-m-diameter telescope and two scientific instruments: a visible-wavelength camera (the VISible instrument, VIS) and a near-infrared camera/spectrometer (the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer, NISP).
- The service module contains the satellite systems: electric power generation and distribution, attitude control, data processing electronics, propulsion, telecommand and telemetry, and thermal control.
- Orbit: Its operational orbit will be halo around a point known as the Sun-Earth Lagrange Point 2 (L2), at an average distance of 1.5 million km beyond Earth’s orbit.
- Lifetime: Nominal mission lifetime is six years, with the possibility of extension (limited by the amount of cold gas used for propulsion).
Context: Euclid telescope: First images revealed from ‘dark Universe’ mission
Incorrect
Solution (b)
About Euclid Space Telescope
- The Euclid mission is part of ESA’s Cosmic Vision programme which aims to explore the origin and components of the universe and the fundamental laws that govern it.
- Its main goal is to investigate the “dark side” of the universe, focusing on dark matter and dark energy.
- It was launched on 1 July 2023.
- It is named after the Greek mathematician Euclid of Alexandria, who lived around 300 BC and founded the subject of geometry.
- The Euclid mission will make a 3D map of the universe (with time as the third dimension) by observing billions of galaxies out to 10 billion light-years across more than a third of the sky.
- It will reveal how dark energy has influenced the stretching and separation of matter over cosmic time.
- Spacecraft and instruments:
- The Euclid spacecraft is approximately 4.7 m tall and 3.7 m in diameter. It consists of two major components: the service module and the payload module.
- The payload module comprises a 1.2-m-diameter telescope and two scientific instruments: a visible-wavelength camera (the VISible instrument, VIS) and a near-infrared camera/spectrometer (the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer, NISP).
- The service module contains the satellite systems: electric power generation and distribution, attitude control, data processing electronics, propulsion, telecommand and telemetry, and thermal control.
- Orbit: Its operational orbit will be halo around a point known as the Sun-Earth Lagrange Point 2 (L2), at an average distance of 1.5 million km beyond Earth’s orbit.
- Lifetime: Nominal mission lifetime is six years, with the possibility of extension (limited by the amount of cold gas used for propulsion).
Context: Euclid telescope: First images revealed from ‘dark Universe’ mission
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
With reference to ‘Geoglyphs’ consider the following statements
- Geoglyphs typically consist of stones or soil and are essentially natural depictions.
- Nazca Lines is an example of Geoglyphs
- They are typically formed by clastic rocks or stone fragments, gravel, or earth.
How many statement(s) given above are correct
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Correct Correct A Geoglyphs is a work of art which is created by arranging or moving objects within a landscape. These objects are usually stones or earth. They are the intentional human-made renderings. – These are usually made by removing or clearing sand or stones or sometimes adding stones.
This creates the contrast between the figure and the ground, enhancing visibility.
The lines are a group of massive Geoglyphs in southern Peru’s Nazca Desert. Experts estimate that they were designed anywhere in the period from 500 BCE to 500 CE.
Some of the lines are straight, while others depict designs of animals and plants.
All the lines have a combined length of more than 808 miles, while they cover an area of around 19 square miles.
They are typically formed by clastic rocks or similarly durable elements of the landscape, such as stones, stone fragments, gravel, or earth. There are two types of Geoglyphs; namely a positive and negative Geoglyphs
.
Positive geoglyph: It is formed by the arrangement and alignment of materials on the ground in a manner akin to petroforms (which are simply outlines created using boulders).
Negative geoglyph: It is formed by removing part of the natural ground surface to create differently coloured or textured ground in a manner akin to petroglyphs.
There is another variation of a geoglyph that involves seeding plants in a special design. The design usually takes years to see since it depends on the plants growing. This type of geoglyph is called an arborglyph.
Context: A geoglyph in the form of a circle, said to be 3,000 years old, has been recently unearthed on the outskirts of Mudichu Thalapalli in the Medchal-Malkajgiri district of Telangana..
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Correct Correct A Geoglyphs is a work of art which is created by arranging or moving objects within a landscape. These objects are usually stones or earth. They are the intentional human-made renderings. – These are usually made by removing or clearing sand or stones or sometimes adding stones.
This creates the contrast between the figure and the ground, enhancing visibility.
The lines are a group of massive Geoglyphs in southern Peru’s Nazca Desert. Experts estimate that they were designed anywhere in the period from 500 BCE to 500 CE.
Some of the lines are straight, while others depict designs of animals and plants.
All the lines have a combined length of more than 808 miles, while they cover an area of around 19 square miles.
They are typically formed by clastic rocks or similarly durable elements of the landscape, such as stones, stone fragments, gravel, or earth. There are two types of Geoglyphs; namely a positive and negative Geoglyphs
.
Positive geoglyph: It is formed by the arrangement and alignment of materials on the ground in a manner akin to petroforms (which are simply outlines created using boulders).
Negative geoglyph: It is formed by removing part of the natural ground surface to create differently coloured or textured ground in a manner akin to petroglyphs.
There is another variation of a geoglyph that involves seeding plants in a special design. The design usually takes years to see since it depends on the plants growing. This type of geoglyph is called an arborglyph.
Context: A geoglyph in the form of a circle, said to be 3,000 years old, has been recently unearthed on the outskirts of Mudichu Thalapalli in the Medchal-Malkajgiri district of Telangana..
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