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India more vulnerable to heat extremes: Lancet report

Part of: Prelims and GS-III – Environment; Climate change

Context The Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change’ was recently launched.

It is a flagship report of the medical journal The Lancet.
It provides periodic updates on the scientific literature on the relationship between climate change and public health.
The Lancet Countdown’s sixth annual report tracks 44 indicators of health impacts that are directly linked to climate change.
It shows key trends are getting worse and exacerbating already existing health and social inequities.

What are its key findings?

India’s vulnerability: India has become 15% more vulnerable to extremes of heat than in 1990.
Senior citizens: Chinese, Indian, American, Japanese and Indonesian senior citizens were the most affected.
Loss of Work hours: 295 billion hours of potential work were lost across the globe in 2020 due to heat exposure.
Most affected developing countries: Pakistan, Bangladesh and India had the greatest losses of the working hours in their group.
- These are the most populous countries in the medium-HDI (Human Development Index) group.
Heat-related mortality: Between 2018 and 2019, India and Brazil had the biggest absolute increase in heat-related mortality.
Economic loss: The economic losses of climate-related extreme events were three times higher in medium-HDI countries than they are in very high HDI countries.
- South-East Asia was the only region with increasing air pollution mortality costs between 2015 and 2019, relative to GDP
Increase in wildfires: Populations of 134 countries have experienced an increase in exposure to wildfires.
Widespread drought: Drought is more widespread than ever before.

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