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Modern Grand Solar Minimum

Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III – Space

In news

The magnitude of the Sun’s solar activity is decreasing.
This period of decreased solar activity is known as the Modern Grand Solar Minimum that will last from 2020 to 2053.

Key takeaways

This is done by observing the number of Sunspots at any given time.
The number of sunspots is directly proportional to solar activity.
More Sunspots mean more solar activity.
The last time such an event occurred was during the Maunder Minimum, from 1645 CE to 1710 CE.

Impact

The surface temperatures on Earth may go down during the Modern Grand Solar Minimum due to a 70% reduction in solar magnetic activity.
Variations in solar irradiance will lead to heating of the upper layer of the Earth’s atmosphere and influences the transport of solar energy towards the planet’s surface.
Decreased solar activity has complex impacts on the abundance of ozone in the Earth’s atmosphere
It also affects the climatic cycles of Earth such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO).

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