IASbaba Prelims 60 Days Plan, Rapid Revision Series (RaRe)
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The 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series is IASbaba’s Flagship Initiative recommended by Toppers and loved by the aspirants’ community every year.
It is the most comprehensive program which will help you complete the syllabus, revise and practice tests on a daily basis. The Programme on a daily basis includes
1. Daily RaRe Series (RRS) Videos on High Probable Topics (Monday – Saturday)
- In video discussions, special focus is given to topics which have high probability to appear in UPSC Prelims Question Paper.
- Each session will be of 20 mins to 30 mins, which would cover rapid revision of 15 high probable topics (both static and current affairs) important for Prelims Exam this year according to the schedule.
Note – The Videos will be available only in English.
2. Rapid Revision (RaRe) Notes
- Right material plays important role in clearing the exam and Rapid Revision (RaRe) Notes will have Prelims specific subject-wise refined notes.
- The main objective is to help students revise most important topics and that too within a very short limited time frame.
Note – PDFs of Daily Tests & Solution and ‘Daily Notes’ will be updated in PDF Format which are downloadable in both English & हिंदी.
3. Daily Prelims MCQs from Static (Monday – Saturday)
- Daily Static Quiz will cover all the topics of static subjects – Polity, History, Geography, Economics, Environment and Science and technology.
- 20 questions will be posted daily and these questions are framed from the topics mentioned in the schedule and in the RaRe videos.
- It will ensure timely and streamlined revision of your static subjects.
4. Daily Current Affairs MCQs (Monday – Saturday)
- Daily 5 Current Affairs questions, based on sources like ‘The Hindu’, ‘Indian Express’ and ‘PIB’, would be published from Monday to Saturday according to the schedule.
5. Daily CSAT Quiz (Monday – Saturday)
- CSAT has been an achilles heel for many aspirants.
- Daily 5 CSAT Questions will be published.
Note – Daily Test of 20 static questions, 5 current affairs, and 5 CSAT questions. (30 Prelims Questions) in QUIZ FORMAT will be updated on a daily basis in Both English and हिंदी.
To Know More about 60 Days Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series – CLICK HERE
Download 60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Schedule – CLICK HERE
Download 60 Day Rapid Revision (RaRe) Series Notes & Solutions DAY 57– CLICK HERE
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Question 1 of 30
1. Question
With reference to World Bank’s classification of the world’s economies, consider the following statements:
- This classification is based on estimates of a country’s Gross National Income
(GNI) per capita. - India and China fall in the same category of the World Bank’s classification.
Select from the codes given below:
Correct
Solution (a)
Basic Info:
The World Bank classifies the world’s economies into four income groups — high, upper-middle, lower-middle, and low. This assignment is based on Gross National Income (GNI) per capita (current US$). The classification is updated each year on July 1st.
The classification of countries is determined by two factors:
- A country’s GNI per capita, which can change with economic growth, inflation, exchange rates, and population. Revisions to national accounts methods and data can also influence GNI per capita.
- Classification threshold: The thresholds are adjusted for inflation annually using the SDR deflator.
India and China have both transitioned from low-income countries to middle-income countries.
India currently falls in the World Bank’s lower-middle income category while China currently falls in the upper-middle income category.Incorrect
Solution (a)
Basic Info:
The World Bank classifies the world’s economies into four income groups — high, upper-middle, lower-middle, and low. This assignment is based on Gross National Income (GNI) per capita (current US$). The classification is updated each year on July 1st.
The classification of countries is determined by two factors:
- A country’s GNI per capita, which can change with economic growth, inflation, exchange rates, and population. Revisions to national accounts methods and data can also influence GNI per capita.
- Classification threshold: The thresholds are adjusted for inflation annually using the SDR deflator.
India and China have both transitioned from low-income countries to middle-income countries.
India currently falls in the World Bank’s lower-middle income category while China currently falls in the upper-middle income category. - This classification is based on estimates of a country’s Gross National Income
-
Question 2 of 30
2. Question
Consider the following pairs regarding different modes of services under General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS):
- Mode 1: Cross Border
- Mode 2: Consumption abroad
- Mode 3: Commercial Presence
- Mode 4: Movements of natural persons
Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched?
Correct
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
The General Agreement on Trade in Services regime of the WTO classifies services in terms of its delivery modes. As per the GATS, there are four modes of services
Modes of Services Supply: The GATS define services in four ‘modes’ of supply: cross-border trade, consumption abroad, commercial presence, and presence of natural persons.
Mode 1: Cross Border
- Services which themselves cross-frontiers from one country to another e.g. Distance learning, consultancy, BPO services.
Mode 2: Consumption abroad
- Services, which are made available within a country for foreign consumers’, e.g.: tourism, educational students for students, medical treatment etc.
Mode 3: Commercial Presence
- Services supplied by an entity of one country, which is commercially pressed in another e.g.: banking, hotel etc.
Mode 4: Movements of natural persons
- This is a foreign national providing services like that of doctor, nurse, IT engineer etc. functioning as a consultant, employee, from one country to another.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
The General Agreement on Trade in Services regime of the WTO classifies services in terms of its delivery modes. As per the GATS, there are four modes of services
Modes of Services Supply: The GATS define services in four ‘modes’ of supply: cross-border trade, consumption abroad, commercial presence, and presence of natural persons.
Mode 1: Cross Border
- Services which themselves cross-frontiers from one country to another e.g. Distance learning, consultancy, BPO services.
Mode 2: Consumption abroad
- Services, which are made available within a country for foreign consumers’, e.g.: tourism, educational students for students, medical treatment etc.
Mode 3: Commercial Presence
- Services supplied by an entity of one country, which is commercially pressed in another e.g.: banking, hotel etc.
Mode 4: Movements of natural persons
- This is a foreign national providing services like that of doctor, nurse, IT engineer etc. functioning as a consultant, employee, from one country to another.
-
Question 3 of 30
3. Question
Which of the following statements regarding the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) is correct?
- The SDR value in terms of the U.S. dollar is determined monthly based on the exchange rates.
- The SDR interest rate is the interest paid to members on their SDR holdings and charged on their SDR allocations.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Correct
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
The SDR is an interest bearing international reserve asset, created by the IMF in 1969 to supplement its member countries official reserves.
The SDR value in terms of the U.S. dollar is determined daily based on the spot exchange rates observed at around noon London time, and is posted on the IMF website.
The value of the SDR is based on a basket of five currencies—the U.S. dollar, the euro, the Chinese renminbi, the Japanese yen, and the British pound sterling.
The SDR serves as the unit of account of the IMF and some other international organizations. The SDR is neither a currency nor a claim on the IMF. Rather, it is a potential claim on the freely usable currencies of IMF members. SDRs can be exchanged for these currencies.
The SDR basket is reviewed every five years, or earlier if warranted, to ensure that the SDR reflects the relative importance of currencies in the world’s trading and financial systems.
Criteria for inclusion in the SDR basket include:
- Export criterion: Issuer of currency is an IMF member or a monetary union, that includes IMF
members, who are one of the top five exporters of the world. - Determined to be “freely usable” currency by the IMF: Currency is widely used to make payments for international transactions and widely traded in the principal exchange markets.
The SDR interest rate: The SDRi provides the basis for calculating the interest rate charged to members on their non-concessional borrowing from the IMF and is paid to members for their remunerated creditor positions in the IMF. It is also the interest paid to members on their SDR holdings and charged on their SDR allocations.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
The SDR is an interest bearing international reserve asset, created by the IMF in 1969 to supplement its member countries official reserves.
The SDR value in terms of the U.S. dollar is determined daily based on the spot exchange rates observed at around noon London time, and is posted on the IMF website.
The value of the SDR is based on a basket of five currencies—the U.S. dollar, the euro, the Chinese renminbi, the Japanese yen, and the British pound sterling.
The SDR serves as the unit of account of the IMF and some other international organizations. The SDR is neither a currency nor a claim on the IMF. Rather, it is a potential claim on the freely usable currencies of IMF members. SDRs can be exchanged for these currencies.
The SDR basket is reviewed every five years, or earlier if warranted, to ensure that the SDR reflects the relative importance of currencies in the world’s trading and financial systems.
Criteria for inclusion in the SDR basket include:
- Export criterion: Issuer of currency is an IMF member or a monetary union, that includes IMF
members, who are one of the top five exporters of the world. - Determined to be “freely usable” currency by the IMF: Currency is widely used to make payments for international transactions and widely traded in the principal exchange markets.
The SDR interest rate: The SDRi provides the basis for calculating the interest rate charged to members on their non-concessional borrowing from the IMF and is paid to members for their remunerated creditor positions in the IMF. It is also the interest paid to members on their SDR holdings and charged on their SDR allocations.
-
Question 4 of 30
4. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Capital Gains Tax in India:
- According to the Income Tax Act, if a person inherits property and does not sell it, no capital gains tax is required.
- Agricultural land in India’s rural areas is not considered as capital assets.
Which of the following statements given above is incorrect ?
Correct
Solution (d)
Both statements are correct.
Basic Info:
Capital Gains Tax: Any profit or gain realised during the year as a result of the transfer of a capital asset is taxed under the heading “Capital Gains.”
According to the Income Tax Act, if a person inherits property and does not sell it, no capital gains tax is required. However, if the person who inherited the property decides to sell it, he or she will have to pay tax on the earnings.
Capital assets include jewellery, machinery, leasehold rights, trademarks, patents, autos, real estate, buildings, and land.
The following items are not considered capital assets:
- Any stock, consumables, or raw materials stored for business or profession.
- Personal items held for personal use, such as clothing and furniture
- Agricultural land in India’s rural areas
- The central government’s 6½% per cent gold bonds (1977) or 7 per cent gold bonds (1980) or national defence gold bonds (1980).
- Special bearer bonds (1991)
- A gold deposit bond or deposit certificate issued under the Gold Deposit Scheme (1999) or the Gold Monetisation Scheme (2015).
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Both statements are correct.
Basic Info:
Capital Gains Tax: Any profit or gain realised during the year as a result of the transfer of a capital asset is taxed under the heading “Capital Gains.”
According to the Income Tax Act, if a person inherits property and does not sell it, no capital gains tax is required. However, if the person who inherited the property decides to sell it, he or she will have to pay tax on the earnings.
Capital assets include jewellery, machinery, leasehold rights, trademarks, patents, autos, real estate, buildings, and land.
The following items are not considered capital assets:
- Any stock, consumables, or raw materials stored for business or profession.
- Personal items held for personal use, such as clothing and furniture
- Agricultural land in India’s rural areas
- The central government’s 6½% per cent gold bonds (1977) or 7 per cent gold bonds (1980) or national defence gold bonds (1980).
- Special bearer bonds (1991)
- A gold deposit bond or deposit certificate issued under the Gold Deposit Scheme (1999) or the Gold Monetisation Scheme (2015).
-
Question 5 of 30
5. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Harmonized System of Nomenclature (HSN) Codes:
- It is a six-digit identification code which helps in systematic classification of goods across the globe.
- It has been developed by the World Trade Organization (WTO).
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct ?
Correct
Solution (a)
Basic Info:
In trade parlance, every product is categorised under an HSN code (Harmonised System of Nomenclature). The common HSN codes apply to Customs and GST, importers and exporters have been furnishing these codes in import/export documents.
Harmonized System of Nomenclature Code (HSN)
- It is a six-digit identification code. Of the six digits, the first two denote the HS Chapter, the next two give the HS heading, and the last two give the HS subheading.
- It helps in systematic classification of goods across the globe.
- It was developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO)and it came into effect from 1988.
- India has been a member of the WCO (World Customs Organization) since 1971.
- Also called the “universal economic language” for goods.
- The system helps in harmonizing customs and trade procedures, thus reducing costs in international trade. It helps in the systematic classification of goods across the globe.
Under GST, the HSN codes are meant for most of the business entities. They need to mention two-, four-, or eight-digit HSN codes for their products, by their turnover for the previous year and the nature of the transaction (as in Import/Export).
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Basic Info:
In trade parlance, every product is categorised under an HSN code (Harmonised System of Nomenclature). The common HSN codes apply to Customs and GST, importers and exporters have been furnishing these codes in import/export documents.
Harmonized System of Nomenclature Code (HSN)
- It is a six-digit identification code. Of the six digits, the first two denote the HS Chapter, the next two give the HS heading, and the last two give the HS subheading.
- It helps in systematic classification of goods across the globe.
- It was developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO)and it came into effect from 1988.
- India has been a member of the WCO (World Customs Organization) since 1971.
- Also called the “universal economic language” for goods.
- The system helps in harmonizing customs and trade procedures, thus reducing costs in international trade. It helps in the systematic classification of goods across the globe.
Under GST, the HSN codes are meant for most of the business entities. They need to mention two-, four-, or eight-digit HSN codes for their products, by their turnover for the previous year and the nature of the transaction (as in Import/Export).
-
Question 6 of 30
6. Question
Which of the following reports are published by Food and Agriculture Organisation:
- Worlds Forest Report
- World Investment Report
- The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World.
- State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Correct
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
FAO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.
Its Flagship Publications:
- The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA).
- The State of the World’s Forests (SOFO).
- The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World.
- The State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA).
- The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets (SOCO).
- World Food Price Index
World Investment Report is published by The United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development (UNCTAD). It focuses on trends in foreign direct investment (FDI) worldwide, at the regional and country levels and emerging measures to improve its contribution to development.Incorrect
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
FAO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.
Its Flagship Publications:
- The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA).
- The State of the World’s Forests (SOFO).
- The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World.
- The State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA).
- The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets (SOCO).
- World Food Price Index
World Investment Report is published by The United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development (UNCTAD). It focuses on trends in foreign direct investment (FDI) worldwide, at the regional and country levels and emerging measures to improve its contribution to development. -
Question 7 of 30
7. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the Asia Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA):
- The Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement was signed as an initiative of Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.
- The member countries include Bangladesh, China, India, Republic of Korea, Lao PDR and Sri Lanka.
- It recognizes the special needs of Least Developing Countries and calls for concrete
preferential measures in their favor.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
The Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA), previously named the Bangkok Agreement, signed in 1975 as an initiative of Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), is a preferential tariff arrangement that aims at promoting intra-regional trade through exchange of mutually agreed concessions by member countries.
Its current Members are Bangladesh, China, India, Republic of Korea, Lao PDR and Sri Lanka.
Mongolia has concluded bilateral negotiations on tariff concessions and is to become the seventh member.
APTA recognizes the special needs of Least Developing Countries (LDCs) and calls for concrete
preferential measures in their favor. Participating States may grant special concessions to LDC members and commit to giving special consideration for requests from participating LDCs for technical assistance.In practice, in successive trade liberalization rounds, most members made special concessions to LDCs.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
The Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA), previously named the Bangkok Agreement, signed in 1975 as an initiative of Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), is a preferential tariff arrangement that aims at promoting intra-regional trade through exchange of mutually agreed concessions by member countries.
Its current Members are Bangladesh, China, India, Republic of Korea, Lao PDR and Sri Lanka.
Mongolia has concluded bilateral negotiations on tariff concessions and is to become the seventh member.
APTA recognizes the special needs of Least Developing Countries (LDCs) and calls for concrete
preferential measures in their favor. Participating States may grant special concessions to LDC members and commit to giving special consideration for requests from participating LDCs for technical assistance.In practice, in successive trade liberalization rounds, most members made special concessions to LDCs.
-
Question 8 of 30
8. Question
The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is a Free Trade Agreement between which of the following countries ?
- United States
- China
- Japan
- Australia
- India
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Correct
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is a free
trade agreement (FTA) between Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia,
Mexico, Peru, New Zealand, Singapore, and Vietnam.The CPTPP was signed by the 11 countries on 8 March 2018 in Santiago, Chile.
The CPTPP will enter into force for Brunei Darussalam, Chile, Malaysia and Peru 60 days after they complete their respective ratification processes.
The CPTPP incorporates, by reference, the provisions of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement, with the exception of a number of provisions pertaining mainly to intellectual property and investor-state dispute settlement, whose application will be suspended once the CPTPP comes into force. These provisions will be suspended until all the parties decide otherwise.
India did not join CPTPP as it seeks to place greater labor and environmental standards on its other partners and CPTPP draft includes narrowly detailed qualifications on standards for investment protection, provisions to protect the host state’s right to regulate, and the imposition of detailed transparency requirements.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is a free
trade agreement (FTA) between Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia,
Mexico, Peru, New Zealand, Singapore, and Vietnam.The CPTPP was signed by the 11 countries on 8 March 2018 in Santiago, Chile.
The CPTPP will enter into force for Brunei Darussalam, Chile, Malaysia and Peru 60 days after they complete their respective ratification processes.
The CPTPP incorporates, by reference, the provisions of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement, with the exception of a number of provisions pertaining mainly to intellectual property and investor-state dispute settlement, whose application will be suspended once the CPTPP comes into force. These provisions will be suspended until all the parties decide otherwise.
India did not join CPTPP as it seeks to place greater labor and environmental standards on its other partners and CPTPP draft includes narrowly detailed qualifications on standards for investment protection, provisions to protect the host state’s right to regulate, and the imposition of detailed transparency requirements.
-
Question 9 of 30
9. Question
Consider the following statements regarding the International Monetary Fund (IMF):
- The Quota assigned to members of IMF is based on their weighted average of GDP and international reserves only.
- The largest member of the IMF is the United States and the smallest member is Tuvalu.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
The IMF’s fundamental mission is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system. It does so in three ways: keeping track of the global economy and the economies of member countries; lending to countries with balance of payment difficulties; and giving practical help to members.
When a country joins the IMF, it is assigned an initial quota in the same range as the quotas of existing members of broadly comparable economic size and characteristics. A member’s quota determines that country’s financial and organizational relationship with the IMF including subscriptions; access to financing and voting power. The IMF uses a quota formula to help assess a member’s relative position.
The current quota formula is a weighted average of GDP (weight of 50 percent), openness (30 percent), economic variability (15 percent), and international reserves (5 percent). For this purpose, GDP is measured through a blend of GDP—based on market exchange rates (weight of 60 percent) and on PPP exchange rates (40 percent). The formula also includes a ―compression factor that reduces the dispersion is calculated quota shares across members.
Quotas are denominated in Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), the IMF’s unit of account. The largest member of the IMF is the United States and the smallest member is Tuvalu.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
The IMF’s fundamental mission is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system. It does so in three ways: keeping track of the global economy and the economies of member countries; lending to countries with balance of payment difficulties; and giving practical help to members.
When a country joins the IMF, it is assigned an initial quota in the same range as the quotas of existing members of broadly comparable economic size and characteristics. A member’s quota determines that country’s financial and organizational relationship with the IMF including subscriptions; access to financing and voting power. The IMF uses a quota formula to help assess a member’s relative position.
The current quota formula is a weighted average of GDP (weight of 50 percent), openness (30 percent), economic variability (15 percent), and international reserves (5 percent). For this purpose, GDP is measured through a blend of GDP—based on market exchange rates (weight of 60 percent) and on PPP exchange rates (40 percent). The formula also includes a ―compression factor that reduces the dispersion is calculated quota shares across members.
Quotas are denominated in Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), the IMF’s unit of account. The largest member of the IMF is the United States and the smallest member is Tuvalu.
-
Question 10 of 30
10. Question
With respect to the International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) consider the following statements:
- International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes established in 1966 is one of the organization of the United Nations.
- It is world’s leading institution devoted to international investment dispute settlement.
- India is among the member countries of ICSID.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) was established in 1966 by the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States (the ICSID Convention).
ICSID is one of the five organizations of the World Bank Group, along with the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
ICSID is the world’s leading institution devoted to international investment dispute settlement.
ICSID is an independent, depoliticized and effective dispute-settlement institution. Its availability to investors and States helps to promote international investment by providing confidence in the dispute resolution process.
It is also available for state-state disputes under investment treaties and free trade agreements and as an administrative registry.
ICSID provides for settlement of disputes by conciliation, arbitration or fact-finding. India is not a member of ICSID.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) was established in 1966 by the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States (the ICSID Convention).
ICSID is one of the five organizations of the World Bank Group, along with the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
ICSID is the world’s leading institution devoted to international investment dispute settlement.
ICSID is an independent, depoliticized and effective dispute-settlement institution. Its availability to investors and States helps to promote international investment by providing confidence in the dispute resolution process.
It is also available for state-state disputes under investment treaties and free trade agreements and as an administrative registry.
ICSID provides for settlement of disputes by conciliation, arbitration or fact-finding. India is not a member of ICSID.
-
Question 11 of 30
11. Question
Consider the following statements regarding International Civil Aviation Organization:
- ICAO is an international aviation regulator which can arbitrarily close or restrict a country’s airspace or condemn airports or airlines for poor safety performance or customer service.
- It is funded by national governments to support their diplomacy and cooperation in air transport as signatory states to the Chicago Convention (1944).
- It is headquartered in Montreal.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (d)
Basic Info:
ICAO is funded and directed by 193 national governments to support their diplomacy and cooperation in air transport as signatory states to the Chicago Convention (1944).
Its core function is to maintain an administrative and expert bureaucracy (the ICAO Secretariat) supporting these diplomatic interactions, and to research new air transport policy and standardization innovations as directed and endorsed by governments through the ICAO Assembly, or by the ICAO Council which the assembly elects.
It also conducts educational outreach, develops coalitions, and conducts auditing, training, and capacity building activities worldwide per the needs and priorities governments identify and formalize.
ICAO is not an international aviation regulator. They cannot arbitrarily close or restrict a country’s airspace, shut down routes, or condemn airports or airlines for poor safety performance or customer service.
It is headquartered in Montreal, Canada.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Basic Info:
ICAO is funded and directed by 193 national governments to support their diplomacy and cooperation in air transport as signatory states to the Chicago Convention (1944).
Its core function is to maintain an administrative and expert bureaucracy (the ICAO Secretariat) supporting these diplomatic interactions, and to research new air transport policy and standardization innovations as directed and endorsed by governments through the ICAO Assembly, or by the ICAO Council which the assembly elects.
It also conducts educational outreach, develops coalitions, and conducts auditing, training, and capacity building activities worldwide per the needs and priorities governments identify and formalize.
ICAO is not an international aviation regulator. They cannot arbitrarily close or restrict a country’s airspace, shut down routes, or condemn airports or airlines for poor safety performance or customer service.
It is headquartered in Montreal, Canada.
-
Question 12 of 30
12. Question
With reference to International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), consider the following statements:
- It is an outcome of the World Food Conference held in Rome in 1974.
- All the 193 members of the United Nations are its members.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (a)
Basic Info:
The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), a specialized agency of the United Nations, was one of the major outcomes of the 1974 World Food Conference, held in Rome.
The conference was organized by the United Nations in response to the food crises of the early 1970s, when global food shortages were causing widespread famine and malnutrition, primarily in the Sahelian countries of Africa.
Three years after the Rome conference, IFAD was set up as an international financial institution in 1977.
The Framework sets three strategic objectives:
- increasing the productive capacity of poor rural people
- increasing their benefits from market participation
- strengthening the environmental sustainability and climate resilience of their economic activities.
IFAD has 177 Member States comprised of developing, middle and high-income countries from all regions of the world who are dedicated to eradicating poverty in rural areas.
Membership in IFAD is open to any State that is a member of the United Nations, any of its specialized agencies or the International Atomic Energy Agency.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Basic Info:
The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), a specialized agency of the United Nations, was one of the major outcomes of the 1974 World Food Conference, held in Rome.
The conference was organized by the United Nations in response to the food crises of the early 1970s, when global food shortages were causing widespread famine and malnutrition, primarily in the Sahelian countries of Africa.
Three years after the Rome conference, IFAD was set up as an international financial institution in 1977.
The Framework sets three strategic objectives:
- increasing the productive capacity of poor rural people
- increasing their benefits from market participation
- strengthening the environmental sustainability and climate resilience of their economic activities.
IFAD has 177 Member States comprised of developing, middle and high-income countries from all regions of the world who are dedicated to eradicating poverty in rural areas.
Membership in IFAD is open to any State that is a member of the United Nations, any of its specialized agencies or the International Atomic Energy Agency.
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Question 13 of 30
13. Question
Consider the following statements regarding International Labour Organisation (ILO):
- It was established in 1919 by the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League of Nations.
- After ratification of an ILO Convention it becomes legally binding.
- India has ratified all the the eight-core/fundamental ILO conventions.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (d)
Basic Info:
It is the only tripartite U.N. agency which brings together governments, employers and workers of 187 member States, to set labour standards, develop policies and devise programmes promoting decent work for all women and men.
It was established in 1919 by the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League of Nations.
Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
The ILO sets international labour standards with conventions, which are ratified by member states which are are non-binding.
Conventions are drawn up with input from governments, workers’ and employers’ groups at the ILO and are adopted by the International Labour Conference.
After ratification of an ILO Convention it becomes legally binding. A ratifying country is subject to international supervisory procedures.
India is a founding member of the ILO and it has been a permanent member of the ILO Governing Body since 1922.
India has ratified six out of the eight-core/fundamental ILO conventions. These conventions are:
- Forced Labour Convention (No. 29)
- Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (No.105)
- Equal Remuneration Convention (No.100)
- Discrimination (Employment Occupation) Convention (No.111)
- Minimum Age Convention (No.138)
- Worst forms of Child Labour Convention (No.182)
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Basic Info:
It is the only tripartite U.N. agency which brings together governments, employers and workers of 187 member States, to set labour standards, develop policies and devise programmes promoting decent work for all women and men.
It was established in 1919 by the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League of Nations.
Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
The ILO sets international labour standards with conventions, which are ratified by member states which are are non-binding.
Conventions are drawn up with input from governments, workers’ and employers’ groups at the ILO and are adopted by the International Labour Conference.
After ratification of an ILO Convention it becomes legally binding. A ratifying country is subject to international supervisory procedures.
India is a founding member of the ILO and it has been a permanent member of the ILO Governing Body since 1922.
India has ratified six out of the eight-core/fundamental ILO conventions. These conventions are:
- Forced Labour Convention (No. 29)
- Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (No.105)
- Equal Remuneration Convention (No.100)
- Discrimination (Employment Occupation) Convention (No.111)
- Minimum Age Convention (No.138)
- Worst forms of Child Labour Convention (No.182)
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Question 14 of 30
14. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Asian Development Bank (ADB):
- ADB is multilateral development finance institution providing loans, grants and technical assistance for members in Asia Pacific region only
- India is the largest borrower of Asian Development Bank and the fourth largest shareholder of ADB.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
The Asian Development Bank was conceived in the early 1960s as a financial institution that would be Asian in character and foster economic growth and cooperation in one of the poorest regions in the world.
ADB has headquarters in Manila, Philippines.
The Asian Development Bank envisions a prosperous, inclusive, resilient, and sustainable Asia and the Pacific, while sustaining its efforts to eradicate extreme poverty in the region.
ADB is multilateral development finance institution providing loans, grants and technical assistance.
ADB has grown to encompass 68 members of which 49 are from within Asia and Pacific and 19 outside.
India is the largest borrower of Asian Development Bank and the fourth largest shareholder of ADB. The institution has approved nearly $30 billion to India. Recently, the Asian Development Bank has announced a $1.5 billion Covid-19 package for India to help funding the country’s response to tackle Covid-19.
ADB has 7 priority areas:
- Addressing remaining poverty and reducing inequality
- Accelerating progress in gender equality
- Tackling climate change, building climate and disaster resilience, and enhancing environmental sustainability
- Making cities more livable
- Promoting rural development and food security
- Strengthening governance and institutional capacity
Fostering regional cooperation and integration
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
The Asian Development Bank was conceived in the early 1960s as a financial institution that would be Asian in character and foster economic growth and cooperation in one of the poorest regions in the world.
ADB has headquarters in Manila, Philippines.
The Asian Development Bank envisions a prosperous, inclusive, resilient, and sustainable Asia and the Pacific, while sustaining its efforts to eradicate extreme poverty in the region.
ADB is multilateral development finance institution providing loans, grants and technical assistance.
ADB has grown to encompass 68 members of which 49 are from within Asia and Pacific and 19 outside.
India is the largest borrower of Asian Development Bank and the fourth largest shareholder of ADB. The institution has approved nearly $30 billion to India. Recently, the Asian Development Bank has announced a $1.5 billion Covid-19 package for India to help funding the country’s response to tackle Covid-19.
ADB has 7 priority areas:
- Addressing remaining poverty and reducing inequality
- Accelerating progress in gender equality
- Tackling climate change, building climate and disaster resilience, and enhancing environmental sustainability
- Making cities more livable
- Promoting rural development and food security
- Strengthening governance and institutional capacity
Fostering regional cooperation and integration
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Question 15 of 30
15. Question
Consider the following statements regarding United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements (UNISA):
- The Convention ensures that a settlement reached by parties becomes binding and enforceable.
- India is a Signatory to UNISA.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
The Convention has been designed to become an essential instrument in the facilitation of international trade and in the promotion of mediation as an alternative and effective method of resolving trade disputes.
It also contributes to strengthening access to justice, and to the rule of law.
The Convention defines two additional grounds upon which a court may, on its own motion, refuse to grant relief.
Those grounds relate to the fact that a dispute would not be capable of settlement by mediation or would be contrary to public policy.
The Convention ensures that a settlement reached by parties becomes binding and enforceable in accordance with a simplified and streamlined procedure.
India is a Signatory to UNISA.
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Basic Info:
The Convention has been designed to become an essential instrument in the facilitation of international trade and in the promotion of mediation as an alternative and effective method of resolving trade disputes.
It also contributes to strengthening access to justice, and to the rule of law.
The Convention defines two additional grounds upon which a court may, on its own motion, refuse to grant relief.
Those grounds relate to the fact that a dispute would not be capable of settlement by mediation or would be contrary to public policy.
The Convention ensures that a settlement reached by parties becomes binding and enforceable in accordance with a simplified and streamlined procedure.
India is a Signatory to UNISA.
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Question 16 of 30
16. Question
Which of the following institutions releases the ‘International Debt Statistics’ report?
Correct
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
International Debt Statistics (IDS), a long-standing annual publication of the World Bank, features external debt statistics and analysis for the 120 low and middle-income countries that report to the World Bank Debtor Reporting System.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
International Debt Statistics (IDS), a long-standing annual publication of the World Bank, features external debt statistics and analysis for the 120 low and middle-income countries that report to the World Bank Debtor Reporting System.
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Question 17 of 30
17. Question
Which of the following are considered as main functions of United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL)?
- Giving Technical assistance in law reform projects.
- Providing rules for international arbitration.
- Offering legal advice in specific disputes and nominating arbitrators.
- Formulating modern, fair and harmonised rules on commercial transactions.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Correct
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
United Nations Commission on International Trade Law is the core legal body of the United Nations in the field of international trade law. It is a legal body with universal membership specialising in commercial law reform worldwide after its establishment in 1965.
The role of UNCITRAL is to provide the rules for international arbitration.
It does not participate in either public or private disputes.
UNCITRAL does not offer legal advice in specific disputes and does not nominate arbitrators, administer arbitrations etc.
The UNCITRAL’s main function is formulating modern, fair and harmonised rules on commercial transactions. These include:
- Conventions, model laws and rules which are acceptable worldwide
- Legal and legislative guides and recommendations of great practical value
- Updated information on case law and enactments of uniform commercial law
- Technical assistance in law reform projects
- Regional and national seminars on uniform commercial law.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
United Nations Commission on International Trade Law is the core legal body of the United Nations in the field of international trade law. It is a legal body with universal membership specialising in commercial law reform worldwide after its establishment in 1965.
The role of UNCITRAL is to provide the rules for international arbitration.
It does not participate in either public or private disputes.
UNCITRAL does not offer legal advice in specific disputes and does not nominate arbitrators, administer arbitrations etc.
The UNCITRAL’s main function is formulating modern, fair and harmonised rules on commercial transactions. These include:
- Conventions, model laws and rules which are acceptable worldwide
- Legal and legislative guides and recommendations of great practical value
- Updated information on case law and enactments of uniform commercial law
- Technical assistance in law reform projects
- Regional and national seminars on uniform commercial law.
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Question 18 of 30
18. Question
Which of the following are the important conventions of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO):
- International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
- International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping for Seafarers
- International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Correct
Solution (d)
Basic Info:
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN).
It is a global standard-setting authority with responsibility to improve the safety and security of international shipping and prevention of marine and atmospheric pollution by ships.
Its main role is to create a regulatory framework for the shipping industry that is fair and effective, universally adopted and universally implemented.
It is also involved in legal matters, including liability and compensation issues and the facilitation of international maritime traffic.
Important Treaties/Conventions:
- International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS)
- International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW)
- International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)
India joined the IMO in 1959. The IMO currently lists India as among the 10 states with the ‘largest interest in international seaborne trade’.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Basic Info:
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN).
It is a global standard-setting authority with responsibility to improve the safety and security of international shipping and prevention of marine and atmospheric pollution by ships.
Its main role is to create a regulatory framework for the shipping industry that is fair and effective, universally adopted and universally implemented.
It is also involved in legal matters, including liability and compensation issues and the facilitation of international maritime traffic.
Important Treaties/Conventions:
- International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS)
- International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW)
- International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)
India joined the IMO in 1959. The IMO currently lists India as among the 10 states with the ‘largest interest in international seaborne trade’.
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Question 19 of 30
19. Question
Consider the following statements regarding International Telecommunication Union (ITU):
- It was founded in 1865 to facilitate international connectivity in communications networks.
- It publishes the Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI).
- India is currently a member of the ITU Council.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
It is the UN specialised agency for Information and Communication Technologies – ICTs.
Founded in 1865 to facilitate international connectivity in communications networks. It is Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
It allocates global radio spectrum and satellite orbits, develops the technical standards that ensure networks and technologies seamlessly interconnect, and strives to improve access to ICTs to underserved communities worldwide.
ITU currently has a membership of 193 countries and over 900 private-sector entities and academic institutions.
India got elected as a member of ITU Council for another 4-year term – from 2019 to 2022. India has remained a regular member since 1952.
Important publication of the ITU is the Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI).
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Basic Info:
It is the UN specialised agency for Information and Communication Technologies – ICTs.
Founded in 1865 to facilitate international connectivity in communications networks. It is Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
It allocates global radio spectrum and satellite orbits, develops the technical standards that ensure networks and technologies seamlessly interconnect, and strives to improve access to ICTs to underserved communities worldwide.
ITU currently has a membership of 193 countries and over 900 private-sector entities and academic institutions.
India got elected as a member of ITU Council for another 4-year term – from 2019 to 2022. India has remained a regular member since 1952.
Important publication of the ITU is the Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI).
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Question 20 of 30
20. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD):
- It is an intergovernmental economic organisation, which helps to stimulate economic progress and world trade.
- It was founded in 1961 with India as one of its founding members.
Which of the following statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (a)
Basic Info:
The OECD is an intergovernmental economic organisation, founded to stimulate economic progress and world trade. Most OECD members are high-income economies with a very high Human Development Index (HDI) and are regarded as developed countries.
It was founded in 1961 and is headquartered in Paris, France.
There are total 36 members.
India is not a member, but a key economic partner.
Reports and Indices by OECD
- Government at a Glance 2017 report.
- International Migration Outlook.
- OECD Better Life Index.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Basic Info:
The OECD is an intergovernmental economic organisation, founded to stimulate economic progress and world trade. Most OECD members are high-income economies with a very high Human Development Index (HDI) and are regarded as developed countries.
It was founded in 1961 and is headquartered in Paris, France.
There are total 36 members.
India is not a member, but a key economic partner.
Reports and Indices by OECD
- Government at a Glance 2017 report.
- International Migration Outlook.
- OECD Better Life Index.
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Question 21 of 30
21. Question
With reference to ‘International court of Justice’, consider the following statements
- The International Court of Justice is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN)
- The ICJ is the only international court that adjudicates general disputes between countries
- All member states of the UN are party to the ICJ Statute and may initiate contentious cases
Choose the correct answer using the code given below
Correct
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct The International Court of Justice is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It settles disputes between states in accordance with international law and gives advisory opinions on international legal issues. The ICJ is the only international court that adjudicates general disputes between countries, with its rulings and opinions serving as primary sources of international law. All member states of the UN are party to the ICJ Statute and may initiate contentious cases; however, advisory proceedings may only be submitted by certain UN organs and agencies. Context – Germany withdrew case against Italy over World War II at ICJ
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Correct Correct Correct The International Court of Justice is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It settles disputes between states in accordance with international law and gives advisory opinions on international legal issues. The ICJ is the only international court that adjudicates general disputes between countries, with its rulings and opinions serving as primary sources of international law. All member states of the UN are party to the ICJ Statute and may initiate contentious cases; however, advisory proceedings may only be submitted by certain UN organs and agencies. Context – Germany withdrew case against Italy over World War II at ICJ
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Question 22 of 30
22. Question
‘HYBRIT’ a term seen in news is used in the context of
Correct
Solution (b)
Green Steel is the steel with the lowest carbon footprint. It can be produced using HYBRIT technology. Hydrogen Breakthrough Ironmaking Technology (HYBRIT) is a groundbreaking effort to reduce CO2 emissions and de-carbonise the steel industry.
Context – Parliamentary committee meeting was convened on ‘Transition towards Green Steel’
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Green Steel is the steel with the lowest carbon footprint. It can be produced using HYBRIT technology. Hydrogen Breakthrough Ironmaking Technology (HYBRIT) is a groundbreaking effort to reduce CO2 emissions and de-carbonise the steel industry.
Context – Parliamentary committee meeting was convened on ‘Transition towards Green Steel’
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Question 23 of 30
23. Question
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Dhap dance’:
- It is a classical dance of the Gaur Muria tribe of Chattisgarh
- It is performed to praise the spirit of hunting among the tribe
Select the correct statement(s)
Correct
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Incorrect Dhap dance is an old adivasi traditional dance of the tribes of Orissa. It is performed during the main festival of the Oriyas, ‘Nuakhai’.It is the dance of Kandha tribe. The dance is performed during marriage ceremony and more often for the sake of recreation. The dance is named so because of the accompanying instrument called ‘Dhap.’ Context – The danceform was in news.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Incorrect Incorrect Dhap dance is an old adivasi traditional dance of the tribes of Orissa. It is performed during the main festival of the Oriyas, ‘Nuakhai’.It is the dance of Kandha tribe. The dance is performed during marriage ceremony and more often for the sake of recreation. The dance is named so because of the accompanying instrument called ‘Dhap.’ Context – The danceform was in news.
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Question 24 of 30
24. Question
Consider the following statements with respect to ‘World Anti-Doping Agency’
- It is a foundation created through a collective initiative led by the International Olympic Committee (IOC)
- International Convention against Doping in Sport is a treaty initiated by WADA
Select the correct statement(s)
Correct
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect The World Anti-Doping Agency is a foundation initiated by the International Olympic Committee based in Canada to promote, coordinate, and monitor the fight against drugs in sports The International Convention Against Doping in Sport is a multilateral UNESCO treaty by which states agree to adopt national measures to prevent and eliminate drug doping in sport. Context – The organization was in news due to a doping incident
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Correct Incorrect The World Anti-Doping Agency is a foundation initiated by the International Olympic Committee based in Canada to promote, coordinate, and monitor the fight against drugs in sports The International Convention Against Doping in Sport is a multilateral UNESCO treaty by which states agree to adopt national measures to prevent and eliminate drug doping in sport. Context – The organization was in news due to a doping incident
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Question 25 of 30
25. Question
Consider the following statements with respect to ‘Tissue Culture’
- It is a multidisciplinary area of research that seeks to create new biological parts, devices and systems
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research is running a Financial Assistance Scheme (FAS) to help laboratories upgrade themselves so as to produce export quality tissue culture planting material
- Netherlands is the largest importer of Tissue Culture plants from India
Choose the correct answer using the code given below
Correct
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Incorrect Correct It is the production of new plants from a small piece of plant tissue or cells removed from the growing tips of a plant in a suitable growth medium. In this process the growth medium or culture solution is very important as it is used for growing plant tissue because it contains various plant nutrients in the form of ‘jelly’ known as agar and plant hormones which are necessary for the growth of plants. APEDA is running a Financial Assistance Scheme (FAS) to help laboratories upgrade themselves so as to produce export quality tissue culture planting material. The top ten countries importing tissue culture plants from India are the Netherlands, USA, Italy, Australia, Canada, Japan, Kenya, Senegal, Ethiopia and Nepal. In 2020-2021, India’s exports of tissue culture plants stood at US$17.17 million, with the Netherlands accounting for around 50% of the shipments. Context – Centre pushed for increased exports of tissue culture plants and offered help to exporters to access new markets
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Statement Analysis:
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3 Incorrect Incorrect Correct It is the production of new plants from a small piece of plant tissue or cells removed from the growing tips of a plant in a suitable growth medium. In this process the growth medium or culture solution is very important as it is used for growing plant tissue because it contains various plant nutrients in the form of ‘jelly’ known as agar and plant hormones which are necessary for the growth of plants. APEDA is running a Financial Assistance Scheme (FAS) to help laboratories upgrade themselves so as to produce export quality tissue culture planting material. The top ten countries importing tissue culture plants from India are the Netherlands, USA, Italy, Australia, Canada, Japan, Kenya, Senegal, Ethiopia and Nepal. In 2020-2021, India’s exports of tissue culture plants stood at US$17.17 million, with the Netherlands accounting for around 50% of the shipments. Context – Centre pushed for increased exports of tissue culture plants and offered help to exporters to access new markets
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Question 26 of 30
26. Question
A, B, C, D and E are sitting on a bench. A is sitting next to B, C is sitting next to D, D is not sitting with E who is on the left end of the bench. C is on the second position from the right. A is to the right of B and E. A and C are sitting together. In which position A is sitting?
Correct
Solution (b)
E B A C D
Therefore, A is sitting in between B and C.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
E B A C D
Therefore, A is sitting in between B and C.
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Question 27 of 30
27. Question
P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are sitting round the circle and are facing the centre
- P is second to the right of T who is the neighbour of R and V.
- S is not the neighbour of P.
- V is the neighbour of U.
- Q is not between S and W. W is not between U and S.
On the basis of the information given above, which of the following statement is correct
Correct
Solution (c)
Incorrect
Solution (c)
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Question 28 of 30
28. Question
Consider the following statements:
- Eleven students A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and K are sitting in first line facing to the teacher.
- D who is just to the left of F, is to the right of C at second place.
- A is second to the right of E who is at one end.
- J is the nearest neighbour of A and B and is to the left of G at third place.
- H is next to D to the left and is at the third place to the right of I.
Who is sitting in the middle as per the information given above?
Correct
Solution (b)
Hence, I is in the middle
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Hence, I is in the middle
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Question 29 of 30
29. Question
Consider the following statements
- A, B and C are three boys while R, S and T are three girls.
- They are sitting such that the boys are facing the girls.
- A and R are diagonally opposite to each other.
- C is not sitting at any of the ends.
- T is left to R but opposite to C.
With reference to the statements given above, who is sitting diagonally opposite to B?
Correct
Solution (a)
Hence, S is sitting diagonally opposite to B
Incorrect
Solution (a)
Hence, S is sitting diagonally opposite to B
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Question 30 of 30
30. Question
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow each passage. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
A 23-year-old pregnant woman in Tamil Nadu tested positive for HIV after receiving a unit of blood at a government hospital blood bank, indicating glaring lapses in screening procedures. Testing all donated blood units for a number of transfusion-transmissible infections, including HIV, is mandatory in India. The ELISA test used in all blood banks to screen for HIV has very high levels of sensitivity to diagnose samples positive for the virus. It can be said with certainty that the blood bank had failed to screen the blood for HIV. Since 2004, prior to donation, all blood banks are required to obtain from donors written consent as to whether they wish to be informed about a positive test result. In case a donor tests positive for HIV, blood banks are required to refer the donors to designated voluntary counseling and testing centres (VCTCs) for disclosure and counseling. That the blood bank tried but failed to contact the donor in 2016 indicates that the donor had consented to be informed of a positive result. In a further tragic twist, he found out elsewhere that he was HIV-positive, and dutifully contacted the hospital on December 10, but his blood had already been transfused by then. Recently he passed away after consuming poison.
Which of the following is the most logical corollary to the above passage?
Correct
Solution (a)
The passage clearly tells that the recipient has been infected with the HIV positive blood sample and also the last line speaks about the death of the donor.
Option c is incorrect because the donor had consented to be informed of a positive result back in 2016
Option d is not related to the passage
From this we can infer that option a, is correct.
Incorrect
Solution (a)
The passage clearly tells that the recipient has been infected with the HIV positive blood sample and also the last line speaks about the death of the donor.
Option c is incorrect because the donor had consented to be informed of a positive result back in 2016
Option d is not related to the passage
From this we can infer that option a, is correct.
All the Best
IASbaba